以案说法:送出去的彩礼能不能要回?

农村稳则国家稳,农村和则天下和。我国是一个农业大国,解决好农村社会纠纷对治国安邦意义重大。那么,如何培养农民的自我保护意识,让他们“敢于维权、善于维权”?本栏目以近年来“三农”领域内发生的具体维权事件为着眼点,结合相关法律法规,对事件发生的原因和处理结果进行全面梳理审视,一方面为合法权益受到侵害的人们指点迷津;另一方面,为法律体系的进一步完善抛砖引玉。     

最高院农业植物新品种典型案例分析:亲本品种侵权纠纷

农村稳则国家稳,农村和则天下和。我国是一个农业大国,解决好农村社会纠纷对治国安邦意义重大。那么,如何培养农民的自我保护意识,让他们“敢于维权、善于维权”?本栏目以近年来“三农”领域内发生的具体维权事件为着眼点,结合相关法律法规,对事件发生的原因和处理结果进行全面梳理审视,一方面为合法权益受到侵害的人们指点迷津;另一方面,为法律体系的进一步完善抛砖引玉。     

新修正《土地管理法》的9大亮点及对农民的影响

农村稳则国家稳,农村和则天下和。我国是一个农业大国,解决好农村社会纠纷对治国安邦意义重大。那么,如何培养农民的自我保护意识,让他们“敢于维权、善于维权”?本栏目以近年来“三农”领域内发生的具体维权事件为着眼点,结合相关法律法规,对事件发生的原因和处理结果进行全面梳理审视,一方面为合法权益受到侵害的人们指点迷津;另一方面,为法律体系的进一步完善抛砖引玉。     

认罪认罚下被告人的两难处境——对一起寻衅滋事罪案件的思考

农村稳则国家稳,农村和则天下和。我国是一个农业大国,解决好农村社会纠纷对治国安邦意义重大。那么,如何培养农民的自我保护意识,让他们“敢于维权、善于维权”?本栏目以近年来“三农”领域内发生的具体维权事件为着眼点,结合相关法律法规,对事件发生的原因和处理结果进行全面梳理审视,一方面为合法权益受到侵害的人们指点迷津;另一方面,为法律体系的进一步完善抛砖引玉。     

集体土地上非宅基地房屋买卖合同的效力认定

农村稳则国家稳,农村和则天下和。我国是一个农业大国,解决好农村社会纠纷对治国安邦意义重大。那么,如何培养农民的自我保护意识,让他们“敢于维权、善于维权”?本栏目以近年来“三农”领域内发生的具体维权事件为着眼点,结合相关法律法规,对事件发生的原因和处理结果进行全面梳理审视,一方面为合法权益受到侵害的人们指点迷津;另一方面,为法律体系的进一步完善抛砖引玉。     

第三人加入债务与担保制度中保证在法律实务中的区分关系解读

农村稳则国家稳,农村和则天下和。我国是一个农业大国,解决好农村社会纠纷对治国安邦意义重大。那么,如何培养农民的自我保护意识,让他们“敢于维权、善于维权”?本栏目以近年来“三农”领域内发生的具体维权事件为着眼点,结合相关法律法规,对事件发生的原因和处理结果进行全面梳理审视,一方面为合法权益受到侵害的人们指点迷津;另一方面,为法律体系的进一步完善抛砖引玉。     

一家农业龙头企业的“生”和“死”

农村稳则国家稳,农村和则天下和。我国是一个农业大国,解决好农村社会纠纷对治国安邦意义重大。那么,如何培养农民的自我保护意识,让他们“敢于维权、善于维权”?本栏目以近年来“三农”领域内发生的具体维权事件为着眼点,结合相关法律法规,对事件发生的原因和处理结果进行全面梳理审视,一方面为合法权益受到侵害的人们指点迷津;另一方面,为法律体系的进一步完善抛砖引玉。     

农业生产中因环境污染产生纠纷的司法实践研究

农村稳则国家稳,农村和则天下和。我国是一个农业大国,解决好农村社会纠纷对治国安邦意义重大。那么,如何培养农民的自我保护意识,让他们“敢于维权、善于维权”?本栏目以近年来“三农”领域内发生的具体维权事件为着眼点,结合相关法律法规,对事件发生的原因和处理结果进行全面梳理审视,一方面为合法权益受到侵害的人们指点迷津;另一方面,为法律体系的进一步完善抛砖引玉。     

电子数据作为证据在司法实践中应如何提取并提交

农村稳则国家稳,农村和则天下和。我国是一个农业大国,解决好农村社会纠纷对治国安邦意义重大。那么,如何培养农民的自我保护意识,让他们“敢于维权、善于维权”?本栏目以近年来“三农”领域内发生的具体维权事件为着眼点,结合相关法律法规,对事件发生的原因和处理结果进行全面梳理审视,一方面为合法权益受到侵害的人们指点迷津;另一方面,为法律体系的进一步完善抛砖引玉。     

是否是土地承包经营合同应当根据合同的内容进行判断——以绵阳市游仙区X镇B村第六农业合作社与罗某某签订的《绵阳市游仙区X镇B村第六农业合作社水利修建工程及埝塘承包合同》为例

农村稳则国家稳,农村和则天下和。我国是一个农业大国,解决好农村社会纠纷对治国安邦意义重大。那么,如何培养农民的自我保护意识,让他们“敢于维权、善于维权”?本栏目以近年来“三农”领域内发生的具体维权事件为着眼点,结合相关法律法规,对事件发生的原因和处理结果进行全面梳理审视,一方面为合法权益受到侵害的人们指点迷津;另一方面,为法律体系的进一步完善抛砖引玉。     

Computation of the Boltzmann entropy of a landscape: a review and a generalization

Landscape Ecology - A key goal of landscape ecology is to understand landscape ecological processes across space and through time, with reference to the central organizing principles of nature....     

Estimating density of a territorial species in a dynamic landscape

Context

Conservation planning for at-risk species requires understanding of where species are likely to occur, how many individuals are likely to be supported on a given landscape, and the ability to monitor those changes through time.

Objectives

We developed a distribution model for northern spotted owls that incorporates both habitat suitability and probability of territory occupancy while accounting for interspecies competition.

Methods

We developed range-wide habitat suitability maps for two time periods (1993 and 2012) for northern spotted owls that accounted for regional differences in habitat use and home range size. We used these maps for a long-term demographic monitoring study area to assess habitat change and estimate the number of potential territories based on available habitat for both time periods. We adjusted the number of potential territories using known occupancy rates to estimate owl densities for both time periods. We evaluated our range-wide habitat suitability model using independent survey data.

Results

Our range-wide habitat maps predicted areas suitable for territorial spotted owl presence well. On the demographic study area, the amount of habitat declined 19.7% between 1993 and 2012, while our estimate of the habitat-based carrying capacity declined from 150 to 146 territories. Estimated number of occupied territories declined from 94 to 57.

Conclusions

Conservation and recovery of at-risk species depends on understanding how habitat changes over time in response to factors such as wildfire, climate change, biological invasions, and interspecies competition, and how these changes influence species distribution. We demonstrate a model-based approach that provides an effective planning tool.

     

The distribution of a threatened migratory bird species in a patchy landscape: a multi-scale analysis

Understanding the driving forces behind the distribution of threatened species is critical to set priorities for conservation measures and spatial planning. We examined the distribution of a globally threatened bird, the corncrake (Crex crex), in the lowland floodplains of the Rhine River, which provide an important breeding habitat for the species. We related corncrake distribution to landscape characteristics (area, shape, texture, diversity) at three spatial scales: distinct floodplain units (“floodplain scale”), circular zones around individual observations (“home range scale”), and individual patches (“patch scale”) using logistic regression. Potential intrinsic spatial patterns in the corncrake data were accounted for by including geographic coordinates and an autocovariate as predictors in the regression analysis. The autocovariate was the most important predictor of corncrake occurrence, probably reflecting the strong conspecific attraction that is characteristic of the species. Significant landscape predictors mainly pertained to area characteristics at the patch scale and the home range scale; the probability of corncrake occurrence increased with potential habitat area, patch area, and nature reserve area. The median potential habitat patch size associated with corncrake occurrence was 11.3 ha; 90% of the corncrake records were associated with patches at least 2.2 ha in size. These results indicate that the corncrake is an area-sensitive species, possibly governed by the males’ tendency to reside near other males while maintaining distinct territories. Our results imply that corncrake habitat conservation schemes should focus on the preservation of sufficient potential habitat area and that existing management measures, like delayed mowing, should be implemented in relatively large, preferably contiguous areas.     

Experimental study of a new hypertension-related gene Slc7a8

AIM: To investigate the disease related genes in SHR.METHODS: The total RNA samples were obtained from second-order mesenteric arteries and kidney of SHR and WKY.Microarray containing over 10 000 genes was used to determine the level of mRNA expression in two groups.The genes were identified using real time quantitative RT- PCR.RESULTS: 19 down-regulated genes were determined by microarray,which were classified as chaperones,transport,growth factors,signal transduction,nuclear factor and lipoprotein.The result was confirmed by the method of real time quantitative RT- PCR.It was found that the Slc7a8 gene was up-regulated 9.3 fold in SHR.CONCLUSION: Slc7a8 gene may relate to hypertension.Further study on the Slc7a8 gene and its function would help us wholly understand the mechanism of hypertension and provide new clue to hypertension causes.     

Behavior as a tool for assessing a managed landscape: a case study of the Karner blue butterfly

In an increasingly human-dominated landscape, effective management of disturbance-maintained ecosystems, such as grasslands and savannas, is critical to the conservation of biodiversity. Yet, the response of individual organisms to landscapes created by disturbances and management is rarely studied. In this study, we examined the endangered Karner blue butterfly, Lycaeides melissa samuelis, in a heterogeneous oak savanna. Our objective was to quantify the butterfly’s habitat use and behavior to assess the effects of prescribed burning. The oak savanna management in Ohio, USA divides each Karner blue site (n = 4) into three units. Each one-third unit is then burned, mowed, or unmanaged in an annual rotation within each site, and the result is a fire return interval of ~3 years. Our surveys measured habitat use, while behavior observations quantified reproduction and foraging for the two annual broods. Our habitat use results showed burned treatments were recolonized quickly, but there was not a clear selection for burned treatments. Foraging rates were similar in all treatments; however, females oviposited significantly less in unmanaged treatments (only 5 of 127 ovipositions). This oviposition preference was likely due to habitat degradation and the availability of recently burned, early successional habitat. Since Karner blues avoided reproduction in units unburned for ≥4 years, these units could be burned to create high quality early successional habitat. These results demonstrate how behavioral decisions can be pivotal forces driving spatial population dynamics. Our case study demonstrates how a fine-scale landscape perspective combined with measurements of behavioral processes can assist with management decision-making.     

Landscape drivers of connectivity for a forest rodent in a coffee agroecosystem

Landscape Ecology - The majority of remaining tropical forests exist as fragments embedded in a matrix of agricultural production. Understanding the effects of these agricultural landscapes on...     

Behaviour of some pesticides in a nutrient-film and in a rock-wool system

Adsorption of ethoprophos, tetrachlorvinphos and etridiazole onto rock-wool was found to be much weaker than adsorption onto soils. The rates of transformation in water and in water plus rock-wool at 20°C were low. The concentration of etridiazole was measured in a nutrient-film system with recirculating nutrient solution. The decrease was rapid in the first few hours but was more gradual afterwards, to low values at 8 days after application. Etridiazole penetrated poorly into the lower part of a rock-wool system when the solution was trickled near the stem-base of the tomato plants.     

Utilization of a habitat mosaic by cotton rats during a population decline

This study describes the demographic features of a population of Sigmodon hispidus utilizing the habitat mosaic provided by a Carolina Bay on the Atlantic coastal plain of South Carolina. A total of 71 cotton rats were captured 160 times on a 4 ha grid during a winter decline from 25/ha to less that 1/ha. Body weights of adults declined until early February and then increased; those of subadults grew very slowly until February followed by a spurt in growth. Weight gain did not differ between survivors and non-survivors for males, but female survivors gained 1.5 g per week more than non-survivors. Female subadults exhibited higher mortality early in the decline and males later.Adult females were randomly distributed across 8 microhabitats, whereas adult males were almost exclusively confined to heavy Rubus cover. Subadult males used wet sites more than any other cohort; subadult females were widely distributed using drier sites most frequently. By the end of the decline, all survivors were localized in Rubus-dominated patches. No statistically significant changes in electromorph genotypes or allele frequencies were detected, but survivors had a higher frequency of the F-allele at the adenylate kinase locus than did non-survivors (42.3% vs. 16.7%).Our findings affirm the importance of a landscape perspective in understanding the population dynamics of cotton rats, and show how a habitat mosaic influences survival differentially among sex-age cohorts.     

苦菜的开发

苦菜是一种野菜，卫名苦荬菜，苦苣菜小鹅菜等。野生类很多．但其形态，生态习性和风味相差不大。苦菜作为野菜的食用历史悠久，早在2500年前就有记载：“虽菜谓萘苦，其味如芥”．萘即苦菜。苦菜在田野间无处不在．一直处于野生状态．极少人工栽培，生命力极强．污染较少．具有较高的药用价值和保健作用。苦菜作为一种野菜，探受人们的青睐。过去．人们一直以春，夏季采集野生株供食，近年来，随着生活水平的逐步提高，人们对苦菜的需求量越来越大，野生苦菜已不足食用，其开发和利用有着广阔的前景。