不同日龄肉仔鸡的饲养管理技术

肉仔鸡的生长速度比较快,科学饲养管理可以保证生长质量,提高鸡肉品质和养殖户养殖效益.一定要做好8周内的养殖管理工作,在不同日龄阶段采用不同的饲养管理方法,并结合实际制定完善的饲养管理措施,以提升饲养管理技术水平,促进肉鸡养殖业的良好发展.     

肉用仔鸡的饲养管理

肉用仔鸡生长速度快、饲料转化和消化率受各种因素影响,诸如影响疫病、营养水平、环境等等,都可能造成低的生长速率和饲料转化率,造成养殖成本降低。文章在分析肉仔鸡营养要求特点的基础上,就肉仔鸡饲养和管理的关键技术要点进行汇总介绍,为健康养殖、提高养殖效率,提供理论和技术指导。     

肉用仔鸡的日常饲养管理

做好肉用仔鸡的日常饲养管理工作,要从饮水、开食、控制密度、保持安静的环境、加强卫生消毒及防疫工作等方面入手,才能达到预期的目标。     

肉用仔鸡的饲养管理要点分析

肉用仔鸡生长速度快,养殖成本较低,但是在饲养管理过程中,很容易受到各种环境因素的影响,导致生长速率较低.对此,本文将详细探究肉用仔鸡的饲养管理要点,以期为肉用仔鸡的健康养殖提供技术指导.     

肉用仔鸡饲养期增重饲养法

按当前市价,活鸡11～12元J/kg计算,每增加500g可多收入5.5～6元;按肉用仔鸡在饲养期每天平均耗料250g/只计算.缩短饲养周期5天可节约十分可观的饲料。可见,提高肉用仔鸡饲养期的增重经济意义重大。 1.喂利血平法 在肉用仔鸡的配合饲料中添加2～3PPM的利血平,通过对中枢神经的抑制能量消耗可减至最低程度,最终达到催肥增重、缩短饲养周     

饲养肉用仔鸡的技术措施

介绍了实行＂全进全出＂制、公母分群饲养制、饲喂颗粒饲料、重视早期饲养等几项饲养肉用仔鸡的技术措施。     

饲养肉用仔鸡的技术措施

介绍了实行"全进全出"制、公母分群饲养制、饲喂颗粒饲料、重视早期饲养等几项饲养肉用仔鸡的技术措施.     

回归分析法评价4种麦类饲料原料的肉鸡有效能值

本试验旨在评价大麦、黑小麦、小麦和黑麦4种麦类饲料原料在肉鸡上的有效能值,以期优化现有配方数据库,逐步实现饲粮营养的精准供给.采用回归分析法,试验分2批进行,试验1评价大麦和黑小麦的肉鸡回肠消化能(IDE)、代谢能(ME)、氮校正代谢能(MEn),试验2评价小麦和黑麦的肉鸡IDE、ME、MEn.每个批次试验均选用320...     

早期数量限饲对肉仔鸡生长性能和胴体特性的影响

试验研究了早期数量限饲对肉仔鸡生长性能和胴体品质的影响。200只8日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡被随机分成4组,每组五个重复,每重复10只鸡。对照组基础饲粮根据NRC营养水平配制,试验组肉仔鸡从8日龄开始喂料量分别为对照组的90%、80%和70%,限饲1周后各组恢复自由采食。试验结果表明:在第2周,限饲各组肉仔鸡的体重和日增重分别显著低于对照组(P<0.05);在第3周,限饲90%组完成补偿生长,体重与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);在第4周,限饲80%和70%组完成补偿生长,体重与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);5、6、7周及2～7周各组在体重、日增重、日采食量和饲料转化率等方面都无显著差异(P>0.05)。早期数量限饲对肉仔鸡胴体特性没有显著影响(P>0.05)。     

添加鱼油在肉仔鸡饲料中的应用研究

选择40日龄土杂肉仔鸡450只进行为期3周的实验。研究了鱼油在肉仔鸡饲养中的应用效果。结果表明:使用鱼油,对鸡的免疫力无影响,但对肉鸡的生长速度、饲料报酬、肉的品质和经济效益均有明显的提高作用。肉仔鸡日粮中添加2%鱼油效果优于添加3%。     

Welfare Auditing and Certification for Broiler Chickens

The chicken broiler industry has moved deliberately in developing guidelines and audit procedures for best animal welfare practices. The National Chicken Council (NCC) and its member companies, with the assistance of numerous organizations and academic professionals, have made tremendous progress in identifying welfare issues in broilers, defining these in the guidelines, and taking steps to ensure compliance by a proper audit process and documentation. Even though the many entities involved in the welfare process might have been confusing initially, individual companies and customers now have choices to make in the audit process that, if wisely done, will document humane practices or the need for changes to improve them.Now, NCC and its member companies are looking forward to an orderly and professional welfare and audit process. They are encouraging adequate training for auditors and the use of audit guidelines that are based on a respectable knowledge of the science and industry practices. NCC companies are interested in and will support audits and auditors who are qualified for the job at hand, even though such auditors may arrive by a number of different routes. Regardless of any initial confusion within this process, broiler companies will go to almost any lengths to satisfy reasonable needs and demands of their customers, knowing that the ultimate implementation of the welfare process depends on what the customer needs. Also, we realize that the final consumer eventually pays for any added service or feature, and it is in the interest of everyone along this product-process chain to keep animal welfare demands reasonable, affordable, and based on what has been proven to be most humane in both science and practice.     

不同声音刺激对艾维茵肉鸡生产性能的影响

试验将声音的频率分为次声频率、低频率、中频率和高频率,声音响度分为65~75dB、75~85dB、85~95dB和95~105dB,声音种类选择轻音乐、古典音乐、重金属音乐和噪音,研究不同声音刺激对肉鸡生产性能的影响。实验结果表明:①高频率和低频率处理组肉鸡的采食量显著高于次声频率和中频率处理组(P<0.05),中频率处理组中肉鸡的肉料比显著高于其它进行声音刺激的各处理组(P<0.05);②75~85dB和95~105dB处理组肉鸡采食量显著高于其它各组(P<0.05),65~75dB处理组和对照组肉鸡采食量显著低于85~95dB处理组(P<0.05),65~75dB处理组肉鸡肉料比显著高于其它各组(P<0.05);85~95dB处理组肉鸡胫围增长幅度显著高于75~85dB处理组(P<0.05);③噪音处理组肉鸡平均日增重显著高于轻音乐和古典音乐处理组(P<0.05)。噪音处理组肉鸡采食量显著高于其它各组(P<0.05),重金属音乐处理肉鸡采食量显著高于轻音乐、古典音乐和对照组(P<0.05),古典音乐处理组肉鸡采食量显著高于轻音乐处理组(P<0.05)。对照组、轻音乐和噪音处理组肉鸡的肉料比显著高于古典音乐和重金属音乐处理组(P<0.05),重金属音乐处理组肉鸡肉料比显著高于古典音乐处理组(P<0.05);噪音处理组肉鸡胫长增长幅度显著高于古典音乐处理组(P<0.05)。对照组和噪音处理组肉鸡胫围增长幅度显著高于轻音乐、古典音乐和重金属音乐处理组(P<0.05)。     

早期限饲对肉鸡体内脂质过氧化作用和抗氧化酶活性的影响

采用低温诱发肉鸡腹水综合征(AS)，并观察早期限饲对常温和低温饲养时肉鸡AS的发病率、肉鸡体内脂质过氧化作用和抗氧化酶活性的影响。试验1，限饲处理组肉鸡分别于7～14日龄或7～21日龄每天给料8h，对照组肉鸡全程自由采食。试验2，限饲组肉鸡分别于7～14日龄给予对照组肉鸡前一天饲料消耗量的60％或80％，对照组肉鸡自由采食。试验过程中连续测定肉鸡血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH—Px)、丙二醛(MDA)水平和腹水心脏指数(RV／TV值)。结果显示低温显著升高了肉鸡血浆MDA浓度，降低了血浆SOD和GSH—Px的活性；低温饲养肉鸡5～6周龄时的RV／TV值显著升高，AS的发病率显著增加。限饲处理显著降低了肉鸡血浆MDA含量，并且限饲处理肉鸡生长后期血浆中SOD和GSH—Px活性显著高于自由采食组肉鸡。所有的限饲处理均能降低肉鸡AS的发病率，并且早期限饲处理肉鸡42日龄的RV／TV值显著低于非限饲肉鸡。这表明早期限饲能够减轻肉鸡体内脂质过氧化作用，提高机体抗氧化酶的活性，从而降低AS的发病率。     

黄羽肉鸡微卫星多态性与料肉比的相关分析

从鸡的遗传图谱中选取13个微卫星基因座,对黄羽肉鸡A系和B系(粤黄鸡102系)回交F1代群体100个个体进行标记与料肉比的最小二乘分析,结果表明:ADL0252、LEI0071、MCW0004、MCW0245、MCW0341这5个基因座与料肉比之间存在着极显著的关系(P<0.01),而基因座MCW0223、MCW0264与料肉比之间存在着显著的关系(P<0.05)。基因座MCW0004的DD型、ADL0252的CC型和MCW0223的AA型所对应的最小二乘均值最大,其有望作为对料肉比性状进行选择的辅助标记。     

Effects of Early Feed Restriction on Performance and Ascites Development in Broiler Chickens Subsequently Raised at Low Ambient Temperature

The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of early-age growth limitation, achieved through feed restriction (FR), as a means of reducing ascites mortality in broiler chickens exposed to low ambient temperatures. Feed restriction was applied to broilers from 5 to 11 d of age so as to reduce their weight gain to about 40% of that of control broilers that were fed ad libitum (AL). At the age of 21 d the chickens were exposed to a temperature of 15°C, which induced ascites. By 46 d of age, ascites incidence and mortality in the feed-restricted birds were reduced to 15.79 vs. 36.84% and 7.89 vs. 26.32%, respectively, compared with those in the controls (P < 0.05). After feed restriction was stopped, the FR chickens had accelerated weight gain and improved feed conversion ratio from 11 to 18 d of age (P < 0.05), and by 46 d they had achieved the same body weight as the AL birds. Ascitic broilers had smaller relative breast muscle and spleen weights than those of the healthy broilers at 46 d (P < 0.05). However, the relative weights of lung, heart, and liver and the right ventricle weight per total ventricle weight (RV:TV) ratios were greater in ascitic broilers (P < 0.05). At age 37 d, when ascites had developed but not yet caused mortality, the ascitic broilers had lower plasma concentrations of the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine, and higher hematocrit values (P < 0.05) in comparison with the healthy ones. Ascitic birds also had lower oxygen consumption at 6 wk (P < 0.05), which agrees with information that the terminal stage of the ascites syndrome can be characterized by low oxygen consumption. We concluded that the early-age feed restriction reduced ascites incidence and mortality and prevented reduction of the thyroid hormone concentrations in male broilers reared at low ambient temperature from the age of 3 wk onward.     

几内亚热带气候对海波罗肉用仔鸡长期耗料量及料肉比影响的研究

分4批从孵出的海波罗鸡雏中选出888只公母混合雏，每批222只，研究几内亚热带气候对海波罗肉仔鸡生长期耗料量的影响。结果表明，4批鸡的整个试验中的累计耗料量分别为4745.58g/只、4507.44g/只、4682.73g/只和4545.77g/只。第Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ批鸡的累计耗料量比第Ⅰ批鸡分别少5.28%、1.13%和4.40%，第Ⅱ和第Ⅳ批累计耗料量比第Ⅲ批分别少4.11%和3.23%，第Ⅱ批累计耗料量比第Ⅳ批的少0.5%，比第Ⅰ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ批偏少。4批鸡4周龄料肉比分别为1.23、2.03、1.90和1.67，饲料报酬都高，7周龄分别为3.78、2.97、2.56和2.52，除第Ⅰ批外，各批7周龄饲料报酬较高。在整个试验期，4批鸡1－7周龄的平均累计耗料量为4622.88g/只，其平均累计料肉比为2.28g，累计耗料量比海波罗的标准少217.12g，即4.70%。由于几内亚热带气候影响，本试验鸡采食量少，料肉比较低。     

The Effect of Moisture Addition with a Mold Inhibitor on Pellet Quality,Feed Manufacture,and Broiler Performance

Three different inclusion levels of a moisture-mold inhibitor mixture (0, 1, and 2%) were added to corn- and soybean-based diets at the mixer as top-dressing additions, and diets were processed at a commercial and a pilot milling facility. Diets were then evaluated according to feed manufacturing variables, pellet quality, broiler performance, and TME_n. Moisture-mold inhibitor additions resulted in an increase in moisture percentages directly after manufacture. After a 2-d storage period, no differences in moisture percentage were detected in diets manufactured at the pilot mill; however, this was not true for diets manufactured commercially. Pellet durability was increased with moisture-mold inhibitor inclusion for the feed processed at the commercial mill, but not for the feed processed at the pilot mill. Relative electrical energy use decreased numerically with increasing levels of moisture-mold inhibitor added to feed processed at the pilot mill. The 1 and 2% diets manufactured commercially resulted in improvements in BW, live weight gain, and FCR, but not the diets manufactured at the pilot mill. There were no differences in TME_n values among treatments, regardless of the manufacturing location. These findings indicate that moisture-mold inhibitor addition has the potential to improve broiler performance and decrease production costs, but improvement depends on the milling technique.