Soil Temperature Model for CERES and Similar Crop Models

Frequently the soil heat transfer is considered as a one-dimensional (vertical) process which may be described by the differential equation (DE) of soil heat flow. Regarding the upper boundary, equations for bare and cropped fields are developed by means of data of Kiel and Michigan. For the lower boundary a theoretical and an empirical equation are given. The soil heat conductivity was estimated by the formulas of M c I nnes (1981). Equations are proposed for estimating the clay and quartz contents which are needed in these formulas. The convective term in the differential equation (DE) may be omitted without significant loss of precision. For the SALUS model in which the two upper layers are 2 resp. 5 cm thick a simple approximative solution for these two layers is given. The temperatures of the deeper layers are calculated by the DE for which in this case only two time steps per day are necessary. This yields short computing times.     

A Numerical Method for Transmission Line Equations

Transient analysis of transmission line has recently been received more attention because operating speeds in high-speed digital electronics are increasing. Transmission line equations are hyperbolic partial differential equations, firstly this paper deduces how to change transmission line equations into quasilinear differential equations , thus the transmission line equation numerical result is gotten by computing the differential formation of quasilinear differential equations. The constraint of voltage and current is be considered and lumped equivalent circuit mode at boundary network collaborated at the same time in finding boundary conditions. Finally the paper computes transient response of transmission line with two typical boundary conditions. Numerical result shows that this approach is an effective way. It is explicit algorithm with less CPU consumption which can get time field response directly. The agree-upon effective way does be frequency field method, however it could not get time response unless the numerical inverse laplace transformation (NILT) be introduced. Thus this approach is more effective than FFT algorithm.     

Singularly Perturbation of the Nonlinear Three Species Prey-predator Reaction Diffusion System

A class of nonlinear three species in the biomathematics is considered with the prey-predator singularly perturbed problems for the reaction diffusion system method of differential inequalities. Under suitable conditions, the existence and asymptotic behavior of solution for the initial boundary value problems are studied with the theory of differential inequalities. The theory of differential inequalities is really to constructing two auxiliary functions, which are super and lower solutions of the system respectively. And then the super and lower solutions are satisfied corresponding inequalities. Finally, there is a solution of the system between the super solution and lower solution. Then the existence of the solution for the system is proved and the asymptotic estimation is obtained.     

A NEW BOUNDARY INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD FOR SOLVING EXTERIOR BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL HELMHOLTZ EQUATION

This paper pressnts a new boundary integral equation method for solving exteri-or boundary value problems of three-dimensional Heimheltz equation by using the multiple reciproc-ity method.Firstly,integral representations of the solution in an exterior domain as well as on itsboundary,which have the peculiarity that integral kernels are infin ite seriesea developed from thenormal fundamental solution of Laplace equation and independent of the wavenumber,are given andproved under the Dirichlet condition.Then,based on the representation of the solution on the bound-ary,boundary integral equations for solving the Dirichlet and the Neumann boundary value prob-lems are obtained,and remarks for some problems concerned with solving these integral equationsnumerically are made.Finally, the advantages of the proposed method,as compared with the conven-tional boundary element methods,are summarized.     

Finite Element Analysis of Shear Behavior of Super High Strength Reinforced Concrete Beam

On the basis of testing results of shear behavior from 18 super high strength reinforced concrete restrained beams with web reinforcement, with the cube compressive strength ranging from over 100Mpa, in this paper, the nonlinear finite element analysis procedure was formulated and the analysis of the specimen tests was carried out with the parameters obtained from the experiments and improved constitutive model and failure criteria of materials. Based on the simulated shear resistance test results and practical measured data of eighteen super high strength concrete restrained beams under point load, the equation to compute the shear resistance capacity of such beams was thus obtained by regression. The analytical results agree well with those of experiments.     

表层嵌贴预应力CFRP板条加固钢筋混凝土梁的应力传递行为

表层嵌贴预应力FRP板条加固钢筋混凝土结构技术可充分发挥FRP材料强度,且不需设置永久锚具,具有较大的潜力。以试验得到的嵌贴FRP混凝土粘结滑移关系为基础,建立了嵌贴预应力CFRP板条与混凝土的粘结应力微分方程,并根据边界条件推导了方程的解析解,得到了嵌贴预应力CFRP板条放张后界面粘结应力、CFRP拉伸应力的分析模型。与试验结果的比较表明,该模型得出的界面粘结应力及CFRP拉伸应力与试验结果吻合较好。在此基础上,考虑放张后CFRP混凝土界面不出现剥离的条件,分析了粘结界面能抵抗的最大容许预应力。     

非线性方程的Excel拟合及其应用

介绍了如何利用Excel软件中的“规划求解”工具进行非线性方程的最优拟合以及应用注意事项。采用Gause的4组草履虫数据,研究了用Excel的“规划求解”工具进行非线性方程拟合的有效性,并以莫惠栋的《农业试验统计》一书中的12个非线性方程实例,比较了用Excel拟合与用常规线性转换方法拟合的差异,结果表明：用Excel进行非线性方程的拟合不仅简单易行、获得更优的参数估计,而且可以拟合各种复杂的非线性方程。     

BEM of Two-dimension Multiharmonic Equation and Its Applications

The paper discusses BEM of 2_dimension non_homogeneous multiharmonic equation.Under supposing non_homogeneous term is m_degree homonic,the integral in domain is transformed boundary integrals,and boundary integral equations are obtained correspondly.     

BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD FOR MULTI-BODY CONTACT PROBLEM AND ITS APPLICATION IN HUGE EXCAVATOR

A boundary integrate equation and its discrete technique for multi-body contact problem is carried out on basic equations of boundary element method and its fortran program is compiled. Using the method ,the press distribution on the roller plate of the huge excavator with capacity 16 m3 was calculated and a distroy stress analysis of caterpillar of the excavator was carried out.     

Post-buckling and mode jumping analysis of angle-ply composite laminates

The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are deduced from the asymptotically correct, geometrically nonlinear theory to research the bucking and mode jumping behavior of biaxially antisymmetric angle-ply composite laminates. The PDEs are transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using the generalized Galerkin method. Then, the post-buckling behavior is analyzed by using the solution extension software. At last, the paths of buckling mode jumping and critical loads for the composite laminates under the in-plane boundary condition of straight edge are determined. An example of 4-layer composite laminates shows that the numerical results in the primary post-buckling region from the present method agree with the finite element analysis (FEA); while the FEA may lose its convergence when solution comes close to the secondary bifurcation point, the analytic method has the capability to explore deeply into the post-secondary bucking realm and capture the mode jumping phenomenon.     

Remarks for Various Boundary IntegralEquations Reduced from the ExteriorNeumann Problem of Helmholtz Equation

This paper presents a discussion on various boundary integral equations reduced from the exterior Neumann problem of Helmholtz equation.The author analyses how the famous difficulty that some equations have no unique solution when the wave number k is an eigenvalue of an interior problem is arised in the course of reducing these equations from Helmholtz representations,and proposes a method of overcoming the difficulty,that is,introducing a direct boundary integral equation which has unique solution for all wave numbers k and is equivalent to the original boundary value problem.Besides,advantages and shortcomings for these integral equations are estimated respectively.     

Nonlinear Response and the Dynamic Stability of Viscoelastic Cable

Based on one dimensional constitutive equations of Revlon materials and the motion equations of the cable, the partial differential equations of the viscoelastic cable in inner and outer of plan under the gravity are investigated. Using Galerkin's method, a system of nonlinear ordinary equations is obtained. The analysis methods of the dynamic stability of viscoelastic cable are given. Finally, the effect of dynamic response of the cable, which is produced by elastic and viscoelastic parameters, is testified by the research of digital simulation.     

Descending Dimension Algorithm for Convex Nonlinear Programming Problem with Equality Constraints

This paper deals with the nonlinear system of equations algorithm for convex nonlinear programming problems with equality constraints.We use the optimatily conditions for programming problem with equality constraints and then estabish a nonlinear system of equations.Finally we solve these to get optimal solution of nonlinear programming problems.     

ANALYSIS OF THE ZERO SOLUTION STABILITY OF LAMINAR BOUNDARY LAYER EQUATION

Two-dimensional incompressible laminar boundary layer equation can be changed into Blasius equation by means of similarity transformation. In this paper, Blasius equation 2f" '+ff"=0 is transferred into a nonlinear and autonomous system of second order by variable transforming. Taking the advantage of its approximation to linear system, the stability near zero solution can be discussed.     

Analyzing the StiffnesS of Foundation Plate By BEM

This.paper derives the basic solution of elastic half-space foundation plate byHankel transform,Then its boundary integral equation of distortion is estabished,The paper discuss-es bou ndary integral equation on plate of fixxing and/or simple support boundary.Then a systemof algebraic equations for the boundary values are established.A numerical example is given , its re-sult shows that this Method is correct.     

Galerkin Boundary Element Method for Laplace Equation

Galerkin method based on the variation principle is used to solve differential and integral equations. The boundary problem of Laplace equation is changed into the variational equation which is equivalent to the boundary integral equation. Using linear element, it is solved by Galerkin boundary element method. In computation of stiffness matrix, the exactly integral formula is used in the first order integral expression, The numerical integral formula is used in the second order integral expression. Thus the problem of calculation of double singular integral is carried out. The numerical experiments also prove this method is reliable. The error of Galerkin boundary element is tested with numerical experimentation.     

杂种小麦及其亲本光合碳同化特性的研究

供试化杀型(CHA), T型三系杂种小麦及各自亲本在旗叶一生中的净光合速率(PO、叶绿素含量(Ch1)和可溶蛋白含量(Sp)均在全展时达到最大值,以后逐渐下降。在春季生育期中群体光合速率(CAP)的变化趋势呈单峰曲线,于开花期达到最大值。与亲本和对照相比,杂种小麦在生育期间于上述性状上多表现正向优势,且优势随生育进程不断增     

Study on the Nonlinear Vibration System with Slow-changing Parameters

In this paper a posteriori error estimates for Galerkin approximation of general operator equations is firstly presented in the framework of Sobolev spaces. Then a practical posteriori error estimates formula for the adaptive boundary element method solving the acoustic scattering problem with a finite plane screen is obtained by triangulations. The mathematical model of this problem is the three dimensional Neumann boundary value problem of Helmholtz equation with finite plane boundary.     

Analysis on Mechanism of Drain and Consolidation of Super Soft Soil

The ground treatment method for very soft soil do not satisfy the enineering needs presently. This paper studies the drain and consolidation mechanism for ground treatment method improvement of the super soft soil. It aims to obtain some varying laws of engineering properties during the super soft soil consolidated. By quantities of test data, the varying laws of the porosity, permeability, compressibility, consolidation properties and pore pressure, and their varying micro_mechanism during the seepage and consolidation of super soft soil are initially studied. Some mechanism of permeation and consolidation of super soft soil are ascertained. It concludes that the varying laws of above engineering properties is related each other, and the governing mechanism are the varying laws of the porosity and the pore pressure.     

A BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD FOR THE NEUMANN PROBLEM OF HELMHOLTZ EQUATION BY USE OF A DOUBLE LAYER POTENTIAL IN R~3

This paper presents a new numerical solution for Neumann problem of Helmholtz equation in R~3. The expression of the solution for this problem is obtained by use of a double layer potential and it leads to a Fredholm boundary integral equation of the first kind. Then, the existence and unicity of the integral equation which is equivalent to the boundary value problem are obtained in a suitable Sobolev space. Finally, a variational form which is equivalent to the integral equation is applied to the construction of a finite element method and the error estimate is given.