采摘次数对油蔬两用甘蓝型油菜菜薹和菜籽品质及产量的影响

为筛选出适合四川省成都平原区种植且综合生产效益高的油蔬两用甘蓝型油菜品种,并研发相应的高产栽培技术,选用‘菜薹-1'(CT-1)、‘菜薹-2'(CT-2)、‘菘蓝油菜1号'(SLYC-1)和‘菘蓝油菜2号'(SLYC-2)4个甘蓝型油蔬两用油菜品种为材料,以‘蓉油18'(RY-18)为对照,研究品种和采摘次数对油菜薹和油菜籽产量、品质及综合生产效益的影响。结果表明,与摘薹1次相比,摘薹2次显著降低了菜薹外观品质、纤维素和木质素含量,但显著增加了可溶性糖含量。与不摘薹相比,摘薹显著降低了株高。与不摘薹相比,摘薹1次显著增加了单株有效角果数和菜籽产量,而摘薹2次则显著降低。摘薹对油蔬两用油菜籽品质影响不显著。SLYC-2菜薹产量、可溶性糖含量和综合生产效益显著高于其他品种。在本试验条件下SLYC-2的菜薹品质和综合生产效益最高,适合在四川省平原区种植。摘薹1次是保证油蔬两用油菜籽产量和综合生产效益的最佳栽培方式。     

保山市优质油菜采薹效益分析

优质双低油菜"一菜两用"实用技术是我国近几年为提高油菜种植效益重点推广的高效栽培模式。该技术利用双低油菜菜薹品质优、口感好的特点,采一季鲜菜薹,弥补春节前后蔬菜市场不足,为市民增添一道新鲜蔬菜品种,又可利用双低油菜分枝能力强的特性促发一次、二次分枝,保持菜籽产量不减或略减,从而大幅度提高农户种植效益。由于油菜薹上市时,正值青菜薹刚刚萌发,白菜薹尚未长出的蔬菜淡季,因而新鲜油菜薹深受消费者的青睐,堪称市场上的"抢手货"。该技术简单易行,不需增加投入,不影响菜籽产量,增收效果     

采薹对甘蓝型油菜农艺性状和经济效益的影响

为了提高油菜应用价值，探索油菜多功能利用新思路。选择农艺性状优异的甘蓝型油菜G1为父本，G2为母本，构建289个双单倍体(DH)纯系，对其菜薹产量、植株性状、菜籽产量、生物学产量与经济效益进行考察评估，筛选菜薹产量高，不影响菜籽产量且经济效益高的“油薹两用”油菜品系。结果表明：分枝高度(BH)、一次有效分枝数(NFB)与菜籽产量呈负相关关系；与对照相比，采摘菜薹降低了株高(PH)、分枝高度和一次有效分枝数，差异达到显著水平；DH群体中，菜薹产量与菜籽产量呈负相关关系；摘薹后菜籽产量比未摘薹平均减少19.24%，但总产值比未摘薹平均增加48.87%，其中筛选出48份材料菜籽产量(产量变化范围在-10%～10%)不受摘薹影响，63份材料摘薹后菜籽产量增加，增产幅度>10%，增产效果明显。30份材料菜籽产量超过3000 kg/hm²。综合以上指标，本试验共筛选出21份菜薹与菜籽产量均达到长江流域油菜区产量要求且效益好的“油薹两用”材料，为兼用型油菜的选育及推广提供理论指导和科学依据。     

播期和种植密度对青杂10号油菜产量及品质的影响

在贵州安顺对青杂10号油菜播期和种植密度的试验研究结果表明:播期和种植密度对青杂10号产量和品质均有明显影响,其中播期对产量影响较大。在本试验条件下,10月15日播种、种植密度为2.0万株/667 m2是青杂10号在安顺地区种植的最佳播期和最适宜的种植密度,在该播期和种植密度下,青杂10号可获得159.513 kg的产量水平。播期×密度互作效应表明:早播稀植可获得较高产量水平,主要是通过增加单株的生物积累和单株产量来获得较高的产量水平;而在晚播条件下则要通过提高种植密度,以增加群体产量来增加单位面积的产量。品质测试结果表明:播期越早,密度较高,青杂10号种子含油量较高;而随着播期的推迟和密度的降低,其含油量呈下降趋势。     

直播油菜不同摘薹高度对产量和效益的影响

为探索直播“油蔬两用”双低优质油菜部分品种在铜仁市不同摘薹高度对油菜籽产量、菜薹产量及综合效益影响。试验记载不同采摘高度对农艺性状、经济效益的影响,为油菜适度采摘提供依据。结果表明:菜薹产量随摘薹高度的增加而增加,油菜籽产量随摘薹高度的增加而降低,摘薹5~10cm增产增效效果极显著,适度摘薹有利于增加油菜综合效益。     

双低油菜旱地直播高产优势与配套技术

近几年,陕南浅山丘陵区旱地扩种以中油杂2号、秦油7、9号等为主的双低杂交油菜,较小麦早熟20～25 d,夏玉米早播18～23 d,经济效益比种植小麦和夏玉米亩增收119～173.5元,加之旱地双低油菜具有宜播期长、生长势强、省劳力等优势,面积逐年扩大.     

浦城县富岭镇“双低”油菜品比试验初报

为了探索适合当地推广的高产优质"双低"油菜品种,2015年10月引进中双11号、盐油杂3号、中油杂11号、绵新油78、浙油50等5个品种,在浦城县富岭镇双田村以当家品种油研9号为对照进行比较试验。试验结果表明,中双11号、中油杂11号、浙油50综合性状好、增产显著,适宜在浦城县推广种植;绵新油78、盐油杂3号与油研9号(CK)产量相当,品质优,可作后备种继续试种。     

优质杂交油菜杂选1号不同播期对产量影响的研究

研究余庆县海拔600～800m地区不同播期对优质杂交油菜杂选1号生长发育的影响，结果表明，不同播期显著影响油菜产量。处理间差异达到显著水平，两个试点以9月6～16日播种产量最高，产量分别为176．7～203．7kg／667m^2。     

贵杂4号不同移栽密度对产量影响

研究余庆县海拨800m稻田两熟地区不同移栽密度对优质杂交油菜贵杂4号生长发育及其产量的影响。试验表明不同移栽密度显著影响油菜产量，密度间差异达到极显著水平，以栽6000～7000株／667m^2产量最高，产量分别为196．0～182．3kg／667m^2。     

优质油菜不同品种，密度与产量关系初探

通过油菜品种和密度两因子随机区组试验，得出优质油菜杂选一号，遵油一号和油研七号，显著差异，而各品种栽植密度间呈极显著差异，密度为80000／667m^2为宜。     

A rapid method for screening barley for aluminium tolerance

Summary A method for rapid screening of large numbers of barley genotypes for aluminium tolerance is described, and the results of a small scale screening of composite cross CC XXX-C given.     

农业植物品种权申请前的准备

一项能够取得品种权的植物新品种,必须同时具备以下几个条件:属于国家植物新品种保护名录范围;不违反国家法律、妨害公共利益或者破坏生态环境;必须具备新颖性、特异性、一致性和稳定性;应当具备适当的品种名称.另外,品种权是不能自动取得的,即使合乎授权条件的植物新品种,也必须履行<中华人民共和国植物新品种保护条例>(以下简称<条例>)和<中华人民共和国植物新品种保护条例实施细则>(以下简称<实施细则>)所规定的品种权申请程序.为了减少品种权申请的盲目性,节省品种权申请人和植物新品种保护办公室双方的人力、物力和财力,品种权申请人在提出申请以前一定要做好以下准备工作.     

Nitrogen response models for winter cereals grown for forage

Forage double cropping can increase production, reduce erosion risk and improve soil health. Farmer experience in the north‐eastern USA shows that winter cereals can, in 3–4 weeks (Feekes 9 harvest), produce high quality forage given sufficient N at dormancy break. Here, we evaluate crop response models to determine the most economic rate of N (MERN) for forage winter cereals. Sixty‐three on‐farm N‐rate trials (0, 34, 67, 101, 135 kg N/ha) were conducted in New York from 2013 to 2016. Trials were divided into four categories: (a) no yield response to N (group 1; 20 trials); (b) yield plateau exceeded the highest N rate (group 2; one trial); (c) the MERN was below the lowest N rate (group 3; seven trials) and (d) all other N‐responsive trials (group 4; 35 trials). For group 4, three statistical models were compared (quadratic plateau, exponential and square root plateau). Statistical, environmental and economic criteria showed that the quadratic plateau fits the data best and had the most stable predictions across scenarios. The four‐category analysis is effective in determining MERNs of individual trials, and the quadratic plateau is best for determining forage winter cereal MERNs and yields at MERNs for individual trials in the north‐eastern USA.     

Method for screening bread wheat for tolerance to boron

A new method for screening wheat for boron tolerance has been developed to overcome the problems of methods used in the past. Seedlings were grown for 10 days while suspended over B-rich solutions. Their root lengths were then measured as an index of tolerance. Five varieties of wheat were screened at seven concentrations of B. Results were obtained more quickly and easily than from the alternative methodologies and compared favourably. Screening of 128 doubled haploid lines from a cross between Halberd and (Wl*MMC) suggested that transgressive segregation had occurred. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Contracting for Migration for the Reason of Zoological Environment

Migration for the reason of zoological environment is the measure for solving the crisis of zoological environment. Nowadays, governments play the chief role in the Migration for the reason of zoological environment, but the migration themselves do not have the freedom to decide whether migrate or not. Because the activity of migration is related to the restraint of economy, culture, law, etc. It is the object of migration that protect the zoological environment and improve the welfare of habitant, which must be concerned when constructing the systems of migration. This paper proves the possibility of contracting for migration based on the methodology of the cost-income analysis. On the other hand, it also argues for changing the mode of migration from that controlled by governments to being decided by habitant themselves.     

A General Method for the Initial Values for Two-Sided Iteration

In the study on finding a group of inital values for solving operator equation x=G(x)by the two-sided iterative method,some stronger conditions forG(x)have been demandedand some new parameters have to be introduced since 1978,But,as it will be proved in this paper,Itis unnecessary to use any new parameters and other stronger conditions to get a group of initial val-ues of two-sided iterative, as those initial values can be obtained by means of an auxiliary iterativebeginning with operator G(x)itself. The numerical example in this paper illustraves that the methodproposed in this paper is a general method.     

A Composite Index for Statistical Inference for Ranking Metropolitan Areas

ABSTRACT The construction of a composite index is described to rank U.S. metropolitan areas for educational attainment. The suggested methodology departs from traditional rank sum methods in that this approach utilizes data resulting in a continuous scale, whereas in the rank sum method, no use is made of the actual values of the data, but merely their rankings. The proposed index circumvents several practical problems because the numbers generated are metric measures allowing the use of arithmetic and statistical operations. Data used are pupil/teacher ratio, an effort index, and academic options in higher education. Comparisons are made across areas by population size and by geographic region.     

玉米制种缺素症（营养障碍）的防治

1　症状1.1　缺氮 :幼苗矮化 ,瘦弱 ,叶丛黄绿。生长株从叶尖开始变黄 ,沿叶片中脉发展 ,叶片上形成一个“V”形黄化部分 ,致全株黄化 ,后下部叶尖枯死且边缘呈黄绿色。缺氮严重或关键期缺氮 ,果穗小 ,顶部籽粒不充实 ,蛋白质含量低。1.2　缺磷 :嫩株敏感 ,植株矮化 ,叶尖、叶缘失绿呈紫红色 ,后叶端枯死或变成暗紫褐色。根系发达 ,雌穗受粉受阻 ,籽粒不充实 ,果穗少或歪曲。1.3　缺钾 :下部叶片的叶尖、叶缘呈黄色或似火红焦枯 ,后期植株易倒状 ,果穗小 ,顶部发育不良。1.4　缺钙 :植株矮 ,新叶生长受阻 ,新叶尖端几乎完全失绿 ,分泌透明…     

Assessment of techniques for screening alfalfa cultivars for aluminum tolerance

Screening toxicity tests are an effective method to characterize aluminum tolerant plants. In this paper, three screening procedures were used to assess aluminum tolerance among 13 cultivars of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). The procedures used were: Petri dish screening, black glass plot method and the soil-on-agar procedure. Major biological indices used to analyze aluminum tolerance were relative root length (RRL), relative germination rate (RGR), relative hypocotyl length (RHL), relative fresh weight (RFW) and root emergence (RE). Aluminum negatively affected all five indices. A Pearson correlation test indicated that the results of the three screening procedures were consistent, suggesting that all three could be used for screening purposes. However, because of the short test period and the simplicity of operation, the black glass plot method might be the best choice. Overall, cv. Super No. 7 and WL-525HQ were the most aluminum-tolerant alfalfa cultivars, while Pondus S was the most sensitive.