猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合征的防治

猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合征(Postweaningmultisystemic wasting syndrome,PMWS)主要是由猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)引起的猪断奶后多系统进行性消耗综合症候群。自从1991年加拿大首次报道以来,世界上许多国家都有本病的报道。2001年郎洪武等人在北京、河北一些猪场发现疑似PMWS的病猪,并从病猪分离到2株病毒,经鉴定为PCV-2型,从而确诊我国也存在PMWS。该病已成为影响养猪业发展的重要传染病之一,引起许多国家兽医工作者的高度重视。1病原猪圆环病(PCV)是一种无囊膜的单股DNA病毒。1973年Tischer首次从猪肾传代细胞中分离到PCV,并发现…     

猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合征防治探讨

猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合征(PMWS)是由猪2型圆环病毒(PCV-2)引起的一种造成断奶仔猪高死亡率的传染病。病猪的特征为逐步消瘦,皮肤苍白,呼吸急促,并继发感染其他疾病。该病现已在全国普遍发生,是造成养猪业经济损失的主要原因,应引起有关部门的研究和重视。1病原据国内外研究资料显示,PMWS的主要致病因子为猪圆环病毒2型,于1974年首次在猪肾传代细胞(PK-15)污染物中分离到PCV。1982年被命名为猪圆环病毒,为圆环病毒科圆环病毒属成员,单股环状DNA病毒,为已知的最小动物病毒之一。资料表明,PMWS可能是PCV-2与猪瘟、猪细小病毒、猪繁…     

规模猪场发生猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合征及其综合防制

猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合症（PMWS）主要是由猪圆环病毒引起的病毒性传染病,感染PMWS的猪引起多个系统功能发生衰竭,生长发育受阻,病譬率高,给猪场带来严重的损失。文章对某猪场发生的疑似PMWS的病例进行诊断,并采取了综合防治措施,使该场的仔猪出栏率从55％增加到85％,全年出栏数增加900多头,经济效益增加30多万元。     

浅谈断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征

<正>断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征(PMWS)是一种发于断奶仔猪的传染病。该病的特征为呼吸急促,进行性消瘦,皮肤苍白或黄疸,淋巴结肿大等。该病由猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)与猪     

疑似断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征的诊治报告

一个新建猪场仔猪机体患病,经诊断患有断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征。经过多方位治疗救治,该猪场情况基本得到控制。     

猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合征的流行及防制对策

自Tischer (1 974)分离出猪圆环病毒 (PorcineCircovirus,PCV)以来 ,现已知PCV有PCV 1和PCV 2 2个血清型。PCV 2是猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合征 (PostweaningMultisystemicWastingSyndrome,PMWS)的主要病因。PMWS主要表现为精神、食欲不振 ,进行性呼吸困难、消瘦 ,贫血 ,皮肤苍白 ,肌肉无力 ,黄疸 ,死亡 ,体表淋巴结肿大。病理学特征主要表现全身器官组织的炎症变化 ,出现肝炎 ,多灶性间质性肺炎、肾炎 ,多灶性心肌炎 ,胃溃疡等。病毒可感染多种组织细胞 ,并形成合胞体性多核巨细胞及细胞质内包涵体。本文对PCV 2及与其密切相关的PMWS近几年来的研究成果进行了综述     

猪圆环病毒感染与断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征

1974年 ,德国学者 Tischer等 [1 ] 从 PK- 15 (ATCCCCL31)细胞的污染病毒中检出一种形态学上与细小核糖核酸病毒相似的小球形病毒和乳多泡病毒样病毒粒子 ,并于1982年将其命名为猪圆环病毒 (porcine circovirus,PCV) [2 ] 。目前已知 PCV有 PCV- 1和 PCV- 2 2个血清型。PCV- 1来源于 PK- 15细胞 ,为非致病性 PCV(nonpathogenic PCV,np PCV ) [3 ] ;PCV- 2与断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征(postweaning m ultisystem ic wasting syndrom e,PMWS)密切相关 ,又称 PMWS相关 PCV[3 ] (PMWS- associated PCV,pmws- PCV)。 PM…     

猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合征

猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合征(pmws)是由2型猪圆环病毒(pcv-2)感染所致的一种新的病毒性疾病。近几年来给养猪业发达的国家造成了相当大的经济损失,已成为危害养猪生产的主要疾病之一。pcv-2感染除了引起pmws之外,还可导致母猪繁殖障碍、断奶仔猪和育肥猪呼吸道疾病、     

断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征的防制

近年来,绝大部分猪场尤其是集约化猪场(生产母猪500头以上)遭受断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征(PMW S)的困扰,造成保育舍的育成率下降,死亡率由正常时的2%~3%增加到20%~30%,个别猪场甚至50%以上。该病的主要病原是圆环病毒Ⅱ型(PCV-2),在临床上难以用抗菌素进行控制,但目前又没有有效的商品化疫苗可供使用,因此给猪场带来了巨大的经济损失。为有效控制PMW S,各国的学者进行了不断的探索和尝试,并研制了各种产品进行临床的应用。其中美国蛋白质公司生产的喷雾干燥血浆在控制PMW S方面有显著效果。     

猪圆环病毒引发的断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征致病机理

断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征于1997年首次在加拿大西部发现,随后许多国家报道了本病的存在和发生,相继证实该病是由圆环病毒科(Circoviridae)猪圆环病毒2型(Porcinecircovirus 2,PCV-2)引起的。PMWS典型特征是全身性淋巴肿大。病毒感染后引发机体免疫抑制,可继发多种病原混合感染。经证实,PCV2感染对胸腺淋巴细胞的损伤在PMWS致病机理中发挥主导作用,巨噬细胞和树突状细胞浆内PCV-2检出率较高,但至今还不清楚哪些细胞亚群最先被PCV-2感染并提供了病毒复制的场所。PCV-2与细小病毒一样,需要依赖细胞生长S周期合成的聚合酶复制。许多研究者试图通过加强抗原刺激以提高进入S周期细胞数,却很难提高病毒在细胞培养中的增殖量。文章着重阐述PCV-2感染引发PMWS的致病机理以及未来需要开拓的研究方向。     

免疫刺激商品断奶仔猪复制多系统衰竭综合征(PMWS)

猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）是引起PMWS的必需病原,与其他病原混合感染或受到外界刺激时表现PMWS临床症状。本试验将16头商品化断奶仔猪（32日龄）随机分为4组（每组4头）,即对照组、钥匙孔血蓝蛋白刺激组、PCV2攻毒组和PCV2攻毒后钥匙孔血蓝蛋白刺激组,用上海某猪场分离株PCV2-SH、钥匙孔血蓝蛋白（KLH）反复刺激断奶仔猪以复制PMWS。其中对照组、钥匙孔血蓝蛋白刺激组未出现症状;PCV2攻毒组症状较轻,出现增重缓慢,伴有短暂的体温升高;而PCV2攻毒后钥匙孔血蓝蛋白刺激组出现明显的临床症状,2头猪在攻毒后第11天濒临死亡,其中1头在第12天死亡,攻毒猪宰杀后脏器出现明显的病理变化。PCV2攻毒组和PCV2攻毒后钥匙孔血蓝蛋白刺激组于攻毒后第4天出现病毒血症,宰杀后肺脏、淋巴结均检测到PCV2的DNA。以上结果说明,PCV2-SH感染结合免疫刺激可以引起商品化仔猪发生PMWS,为PCV2致病机理和免疫学研究提供了动物发病模型。     

上海PMWS并发PRRS自然病例的病理组织学观察

对上海5例5～13周龄断奶仔猪多器官衰竭综合征（PMWS）并发猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（PRRS）自然病例进行了病理组织学观察。结果：5例病猪均出现坏死性淋巴结炎、间质性肺炎以及不同程度的坏死性脾炎、间质性肾炎和肝炎。2例病猪出现心肌炎，表现为心肌纤维断裂、溶解和心肌间质中淋巴细胞局灶性浸润。2例病猪出现脑炎，在大脑白质区出现神经胶质细胞结节。     

Detection of Porcine Circovirus Type 2, Porcine Parvovirus and Porcine Pseudorabies Virus from Pigs with Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome by Multiplex PCR

Multiplex PCR was established to detect porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2), porcine parvovirus (PPV) and porcine pseudorabies virus (PRV) and applied to samples from 137 piglets exhibiting clinical signs of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). PCV-2 DNA was detected from all samples. Moreover, 43 samples were positive for PPV but negative for PRV; 11 samples were positive for PRV but negative for PPV; and 35 samples were positive both for PPV and PRV. These results suggests that PCV-2 co-infection with PRV and PPV may play an important role in PMWS. Also, multiplex PCR is an appropriate candidate method for diagnosis of PCV-2, PRV and PPV simultaneously in field cases.     

特异性中和抗体终止猪体内猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)复制

根据猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）美洲型标准株（VR-2332）的ORF6及ORF7部分保守序列，设计合成1对特异引物，通过优化RT—PCR反应条件，建立了从血清中检测PRRSV RNA的RT—PCR诊断方法。60日龄仔猪经鼻腔接种1mL 10^5.6TCID50/／mL PRRSV强毒液，7d后肌肉注射中和效价为1：64的特异性高免血清，每隔1周利用RT—PCR检测猪体内PRRSVRNA，5周内PRRSV RNA检测均为阴性，表明高滴度特异性中和抗体完全终止了PRRSV感染猪体内的病毒复制。     

猪圆环病毒2型在PMWS患猪体内分布的初步研究

利用建立的PCR方法对发生PMWS自然患猪的内脏组织中存在的PCV2病毒DNA进行检测,结果发现PCV2病毒主要存在于病猪的淋巴结、肾脏和脾脏中,在肝脏、肺脏中少量存在,心脏中最少。本研究对PCV2临床诊断和致病机理研究具有一定指导意义。     

华东地区PMWS患病猪群PCV-2的检测及其基因特征

用 PCR方法 ,对江苏、上海、山东、江西、安徽和浙江等省市 6 5家猪场 99例断奶仔猪多系统衰弱综合征(PMWS)肺脏和淋巴结病料 ,进行了猪圆环病毒 - 2 (PCV- 2 )基因检测 ,发现其中 18家猪场 2 1例病料为 PCV- 2阳性。源自安徽和上海的 PCV- 2分离株经基因序列分析显示 ,2个分离株部分 ORF2 与国外分离毒株同源性为 92 %～99%。安徽分离株 AHHF6与韩国分离株 KSY- 1同源性为 99% ,而上海分离株 SHHT1与加拿大分离株 Imp.114 7同源性为 98%。上述结果表明 ,我国 PMWS患病猪群广泛存在 PCV- 2 ,不同地区 PCV- 2存在一定基因差异 ,它们可能来源于不同国家或地区     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合症

猪繁殖与呼吸综合症(Poreine reproductive and respiratory syndrome，PRRS)是80年代末期发现的一种高度接触性传染病，以引起妊娠母猪流产、死胎、木乃伊胎、产弱仔、出生率低等繁殖障碍，以及各种年龄猪的呼吸道症状，断奶仔猪的高死亡率为特征。其病原是猪繁殖与呼吸综合症病毒(PRRSV)，分美洲型和欧洲型。1987年本病在美国首次爆发，1991年在荷兰首次分离到PRRS病毒。1995年在我国北京地区首次爆发，1996年我国首次分离出猪繁殖与呼吸综合症病毒(PRRSV)，是近年来日趋严重的世界性猪疫病之一。     

Spatial and temporal patterns of pig herds diagnosed with Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) during the first two years of its occurrence in Denmark

The clinical syndrome Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) in pigs has emerged globally during the last decade. In October 2001, the first pig herd diagnosed with PMWS was reported in Denmark, and since then the number of herds diagnosed with PMWS has increased markedly. The etiology of PMWS is not well understood, but increased knowledge of the causal factors is prerequisite for applying preventive interventions. In this study we described the temporal (time of diagnosis), spatial (location of herds) and spatio-temporal pattern of Danish pig herds diagnosed with PMWS during the first two years after the first herd was diagnosed, and we tested for spatial and spatio-temporal clustering using scan statistics. The study population consisted of pig herds that during the study period (October 2001-September 2003) performed diagnostic submissions to the two major veterinary diagnostic laboratories in Denmark (6724 herds). Of these, 277 herds were diagnosed with PMWS. Two statistically significant spatial clusters of herds diagnosed with PMWS were identified. These clusters included 11% and 8% of the study herds, respectively. Within these two clusters the relative risk for a herd to be diagnosed with PMWS was twice as high as expected. One statistically significant spatio-temporal cluster was identified between February and May 2002. We discuss different hypotheses that could explain why pig herds diagnosed with PMWS were clustered both spatially and spatio-temporally, and conclude that the results support the hypothesis that PMWS is caused by introduction of a new, unidentified, pathogen into the Danish pig production.     

猪蓝耳病病毒与流行性腹泻病毒混合感染流行情况

猪蓝耳病猪和猪流行性腹泻在近些年广泛流行,均对养猪业造成严重经济损失。结合相关文献报道以及工作实际,对近几年关于猪混合感染蓝耳病病毒和流行性腹泻病毒进行简单介绍。猪蓝耳病病毒和流行性腹泻病毒混合感染相对较低,但混合感染情况在未来几年可能呈上升趋势。     

Use of register data to assess the association between use of antimicrobials and outbreak of Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) in Danish pig herds

In 2001, the first case of Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) was reported in the Danish pig population. During subsequent years, the number of affected farms increased exponentially. The aim of this study was to determine how this increase influenced the use of antimicrobials between 2002 and 2004. We used national register data of herd characteristics, antimicrobial usage and disease occurrence. The analysis included data on antimicrobial usage in 3371 pig herds with weaners and 7434 pig herds with finishers, which accounted for 56 and 82% of the national amount of antimicrobials prescribed to weaners (prescribed by 347 practitioners) and finishers (prescribed by 522 practitioners), respectively.The estimation of the effect of PMWS was done by comparing the amount of antimicrobials (measured as Animal Defined Daily Doses (ADDkg) used per pig-day at risk each month in each herd) used in herds before and after an outbreak of PMWS, and by comparing the amount of antimicrobials used in herds experiencing PMWS with the amount of antimicrobials used in herds not experiencing PMWS. The effects were estimated in a three-level (veterinarian/herd/study-month) linear mixed regression model with an autoregressive correlation of order 1 (AR1).We found that after a herd had experienced an outbreak of PMWS, the antimicrobial usage in weaners was increased for a year. During the first 3 months post outbreak the usage increased by 22%, followed by an increase of 7% during the next 4th to 12th month when compared to the pre-outbreak usage. There was a significant variation between herds in this effect. Additionally, in herds experiencing an outbreak of PMWS, the usage of antimicrobials before the outbreak was 37 and 19% higher in herds with weaners and finishers, respectively, compared to herds not experiencing PMWS.Generalisation of the results to the entire Danish pig population indicated that the increase of PMWS infected herds from almost zero to about 20% during a 4-year period resulted in a national increase of 4–5% in antimicrobials usage in weaners. The effect of PMWS on usage of antimicrobials in finishers was unclear.