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《畜牧兽医学报》2018,(11)
旨在解析miRNA在细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴中的表达谱特性,为进一步揭示miRNA在细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴发育中的作用及调控机制提供理论依据。从患病绵羊肝无菌采集细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴,提取总RNA,构建原头蚴miRNA文库,利用RNA sequencing技术进行测序分析。结果表明,本研究从细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴中分离得到109个已知的miRNA分子,同时得到189个新的miRNA发夹前体分子。靶基因的预测结果显示,已知miRNA共有132个靶基因,而新发现的miRNA共有3 152个靶基因。进一步的研究发现这些miRNA分子广泛参与虫体生长发育相关的关键信号通路,诸如wnt、cAMP、Hedgehog、NF-κB、Notch以及胆酸盐等信号通路,研究又进一步采用实时荧光定量PCR以及原位杂交技术对虫体经典wnt信号通路相关的miRNA分子以及其靶标基因进行了差异表达以及组织定位研究。结果提示,HG328413.1_36258和β-catenin、HG328414.1_36364*和dis以及HG328399.1_25846和axin可能存在潜在的调控关系。综上所述,本研究在细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴中发现了大量的新的miRNA分子,丰富了原头蚴miRNA的数据,为进一步解析miRNA在细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴发育中的作用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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细粒棘球绦虫——原头蚴在两种细胞培养液中体外培养的初步观察 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过原头蚴在两种细胞培养液中(RPMI-1640和MEM)培养,观察其存活、生长及发育情况,从而为研究寄生虫发育提供最基本的数据资料。方法:细粒棘球绦虫幼虫——原头蚴培养的细胞培养基(RPMI-1640和MEM)分为4组:Ⅰ组为纯RPMI-1640培养液;Ⅱ组为含10%的小牛血清的1640培养液;Ⅲ组为纯MEM培养液;Ⅳ组为含10%的小牛血清的MEM培养液;并进行对比观察。结果:培养15d的原头蚴的成活率分别为:Ⅰ组69.87%、Ⅱ组80.35%、Ⅲ组50.25%、Ⅳ组60.32%;成囊率分别为:Ⅰ组80.58%、Ⅱ组90.25%、Ⅲ组35.65%、Ⅳ组45.89%;头节外翻率分别为:Ⅰ组95.50%、Ⅱ组98.65%、Ⅲ组60.52%、Ⅳ组70.98%。结论:大多数虫体在早期向囊发育,一部分虫体头节外翻,并伴有规律的伸缩运动,但随时间的延长虫体运动减缓,又向囊蚴发育。通过对细粒棘球绦虫的原头蚴的体外培养,初步表明含有10%小牛血清的细胞培养基RPMI-1640较适合原头蚴的生长发育,在普通培养箱中培养,最适温度在37—40℃,培养液pH=7.2,初步建立了原头蚴体外培养的方法。 相似文献
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本研究旨在解析lncRNA在细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴中的表达谱特性,为进一步揭示lncRNA在细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴发育中的作用及调控机制提供理论依据。从患病绵羊肝无菌采集细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴,提取总RNA,构建原头蚴lncRNA文库,利用RNA sequencing技术进行测序分析。结果表明,首次从细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴中鉴定出609个新的lncRNA分子。其中intergenic lncRNA有431个,intronic lncRNA有11个,anti-sense lncRNA有68个,sence lncRNA有99个。GO分析表明,其表达量前200的lncRNA分子主要与MAP激酶的负调控、SMC结合复合物、IMP的生物合成以及乙酰转移酶激活剂活性相关。KEGG分析结果表明,其表达量前200的lncRNA分子主要与细胞凋亡、萜类骨架生物合成、碳代谢以及背腹轴形成相关。cis分析结果表明,在这609个新的lncRNA分子中,与虫体Wnt信号通路、Hedgehog信号通路、NF-κB信号通路、cAMP信号通路、Notch信号通路、胆酸盐信号通路以及背腹轴信号通路相关的lncRNA分子分别有79、31、10、128、43、84和73个。qRT-PCR的验证结果表明,表达量前10的lncRNA分子与测序结果一致。RNA荧光探针原位杂交结果表明,高表达的lncRNA分子在细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴吸盘以及表皮均有表达。综上所述,本研究首次解析了细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴中lncRNA的表达谱特性,丰富了细粒棘球绦虫lncRNA的数据,为进一步解析lncRNA在细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴发育中的作用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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旨在解析细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴与巨噬细胞RAW264.7免疫互作相关的基因,为进一步阐明细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴调控宿主免疫反应及寄生适应机制提供理论依据。将细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴和巨噬细胞RAW264.7共培养24 h,收集原头蚴和RAW264.7细胞,提取总RNA,构建cDNA文库,利用RNA sequencing技术进行转录组测序分析。当细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴与巨噬细胞RAW264.7共培养24 h后,和0 h对照组相比,原头蚴处理组分别有435个基因的表达出现显著差异变化,其中,上调表达的基因为227个,包括HSP70、HSP10、Eg95前体分子、AgB、FABP和囊泡运输蛋白SC22B等;下调表达的基因为208个,包括EF-hand蛋白、Cathepsin、跨膜蛋白144、内固醇类受体和MAPK7等。GO分析结果表明,差异表达的基因主要富集在血红素转运、铁配位实体运输、细胞外间质、核糖核酸酶MRP复合物、丝氨酸型内肽酶抑制剂活性以及α-半乳糖苷酶活性等过程。KEGG分析结果表明,差异表达的基因主要参与剪接体、内吞作用、内质网的蛋白质处理、吞噬体、MAPK信号通路以及钙信号通路等。当巨噬细胞RAW264.7与细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴共培养24 h后,和PBS对照组相比,原头蚴处理组的RAW264.7细胞共有3 745个基因的表达出现显著变化,其中,1 159个基因出现上调表达,2 586个基因出现下调表达。GO分析结果显示,差异表达基因主要富集在代谢过程、细胞内组分、细胞内、细胞器以及膜结构细胞器等。KEGG信号通路的分析结果表明,差异表达的基因主要参与代谢通路、核糖体通路、剪接体通路、RNA转运以及泛素介导的蛋白水解等通路。同时研究随机选取了部分差异表达的基因进行了qRT-PCR验证,结果表明,其表达趋势与RNA-seq结果一致。综上所述,当细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴面对宿主巨噬细胞免疫压力时,可引起其基因的差异表达,其中,原头蚴中的AgB、FABP1和Kunitz型丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂等具有免疫调节作用的分子表达明显上调,推测其可能参与宿主的免疫调控,进而有利于虫体在宿主的寄生和免疫逃避。 相似文献
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以比格犬为实验动物经口感染原头蚴,观察细粒棘球绦虫的感染情况.6只比格犬分为3组,每组2只,每组感染原头蚴的剂量分别为5万、15万、25万枚/只,感染后40 d开始检查粪便有无虫卵排出.结果显示:人工感染原头蚴后48 d虫体开始排卵;6只比格犬(Beagle)细粒棘球绦虫人工感染率为100%,其中5万枚组感染的平均荷虫3 457条(成熟2 074条,未成熟1 383条);15万枚组感染的平均荷虫6 230条(成熟3 639条,未成熟2 591条);25万枚组感染的平均荷虫16 238条(成熟11 856条,未成熟4 382条).结果表明,比格犬(Beagle)可以成为感染细粒棘球绦虫研究的动物模型. 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医学报》2017,(8)
旨在探索细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴蛋白表达特性,揭示在此发育阶段虫体主要的功能蛋白以及信号通路,为揭示虫体的发育调控、筛选疫苗以及药物靶标奠定基础。本试验采用LC-MS/MS技术对虫体原头蚴表达的蛋白质进行研究,然后对获得数据进行GO、KOG以及KEGG等分析;最后采用qRT-PCR和原位杂交技术对鉴定得到的Wnt信号通路的关键基因β-catenin进行了差异表达和组织定位研究。结果显示,本研究共鉴定得到7 172个肽段,1 197个蛋白质,其中包括多个潜在的抗原蛋白质,如四跨膜蛋白超家族、6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶、表皮抗原蛋白和烯醇酶等。信号通路分析结果显示其中632个蛋白参与276个调控通路,诸如与虫体发育紧密相关的Wnt、Notch、Hedgehog、NF-κB、cAMP以及胆酸盐信号通路。对β-catenin的验证结果显示,此基因分布于细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴顶突的小刺以及散在的细胞中,同时其相对转录量在体外培养0~10d的过程中呈递减趋势。综上,本研究解析了细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴的蛋白质表达元件,揭示了原头蚴主要的调控信号通路,为虫体的生长发育机制以及包虫病的有效防控提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献