陕西羊乳产业创新发展探析

从乳制品对民众健康、国计民生和民族未来的意义及作用入手,重点论述了羊乳业的发展,全面剖析了陕西羊乳业的基本情况及存在问题,从而提出今后发展的建议和思路,以期促进产业升级,创新发展,使羊乳产业成为陕西的又一特色产业。     

陕西奶牛体型评定与遗传改良方向分析

目前是陕西奶牛产业转型升级和遗传改良攻坚之际,为解决奶牛改良方向不明、选种选配盲目、遗传进展缓慢、生产水平低下和抗市场风险能力弱等影响产业转型升级的瓶颈,本文通过对关中5市23个牧场2 055头奶牛体型评定结果进行研究,分析出陕西奶牛群体、区域及场际间存在的体型性状生理缺陷,并提出发展建议,以期为陕西奶牛遗传改良指明方向,防止产业发展滑坡,助推奶牛产业持续、稳定、健康发展。     

广西桑蚕丝被产业发展的探讨

广西是蚕茧原料大省，茧丝加工近年来也在迅速发展，蚕丝被生产作为一个新兴产业现已初具规模，但离规模化、现代化、品牌化还相距甚远。以科技为先导，提升蚕丝被品牌科技含量是做强蚕丝被产业的基础。政府要加强对桑蚕丝被产业的扶持力度，制定发展规划，出台配套措施，扶持政策是产业壮大发展的先决条件。贯彻执行国家蚕丝被行业标准，规范广西蚕丝被生产行为，尽快建立规范的广西桑蚕丝被的营销网络，才能促进广西蚕丝被品牌的市场体系建设。     

陕西奶牛产业转型升级工作思路探讨

陕西奶牛存栏位居全国第七,是我国奶牛养殖大省之一。但是,目前奶牛平均产奶量只有5600kg,与国内外有一定差距,导致奶牛产业抗击市场风险较弱。因此,奶牛产业要持续健康发展,产业转型升级已成必然。本文从奶牛产业转型升级目的意义、目标设想、技术思路、内容要求以及保障措施等方面进行探讨,以便为加快我省奶牛产业转型升级步伐提供参考。     

陕西肉牛产业发展现状、问题及建议

文章在调查研究的基础上,对陕西肉牛产业发展现状及产业技术研发应用情况进行了综合述评,认为全省肉牛产业已进入以秦川牛为主肉用选育改良和商品肉牛生产时期,技术研发和应用稳步推进,各地扶持政策措施比较到位,肉牛产业发展势头良好。针对产业转型升级面临的问题,文章从三个方面提出了发展建议。     

发展广西桑蚕丝被加工的思考

本文通过对发展广西桑蚕丝被加工意义和广西桑蚕丝被加工现状的论述,提出发展广西蚕桑丝被加工业的战略对策.     

蚕桑产业转型升级理论与路径

我国是世界上最大的蚕桑生产国,但蚕桑产业的发展存在着一系列问题和面临着严峻的挑战,迫切需要转型升级。产业转型升级包括了产业转型与产业升级2个方面,产业转型指依靠产业结构调整来改善资源配置效率,产业升级指依靠科技进步来提高资源利用效率。蚕桑产业转型升级的目标就是要从传统蚕桑产业走向现代蚕桑产业,其产业转型主要通过充分利用产业链各环节上的各种资源,走多元化发展道路来实现;其产业升级则必须依靠科技进步,通过提高生产效率和攀升价值链来实现。     

打造中国有机茶第一县婺源茶产业转型升级的必然选择

通过对婺源茶业资源的调查,从婺源茶产业发展的历史、现状,茶业经济对婺源经济社会发展的地位,加快农民增收致富的作用分析入手,阐述了茶产业的全民性、社会经济性和发展潜力性。根据婺源的地理、生态、品质和产业基础优势,提出了打造＂中国有机茶第一县＂的构想,并在对产业现状分析的基础上提出了婺源茶产业转型升级和做强做大的措施与建议。     

精心培育丝绸消费市场实现蚕桑业的可持续发展

<正>我国茧丝绸行业自1994年达到历史顶峰后开始步入了6年的调整期,桑蚕丝产量从8．78万吨的高位一直下降到2000年的5．07万吨的低位,从 2000年底开始步入快速发展的轨道,至2004年桑蚕丝产量达到9万吨,时隔10年又走到了历史高位。尤其是2005年桑蚕丝不但出口量创下历史高位且出口价格也创下了历史的新高,内销市场出现     

智慧畜牧业发展路径探讨

正信息化是农业现代化的制高点,是促进行业加速提档升级、动能转换的关键,如何让信息化贯穿畜牧业现代化?关键就是借网发展,借助互联网、物联网及区块链技术,实现畜牧业信息化、智能化、智慧化发展。结合当前信息化技术发展与行业实际需求,笔者对智慧畜牧业定义及发展方向做了探讨。一、智慧畜牧业定义从产业发展的角度来简单定义,智慧畜牧业是畜牧业生产的高级阶段,是集新兴的互联网、移动互联网、云计算和物联网技术为一体,依     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …