硫酸铜对体外培养鸡红细胞渗透脆性和溶血度的影响

用不同浓度硫酸铜溶液处理体外培养红细胞,采用改良的红细胞渗透脆性测定方法测定红细胞的渗透脆性;采用H2O2诱导氧化溶血试验测定其溶血度。结果显示:铜显著增加鸡红细胞渗透脆性(MCF)并呈现明显的时间、剂量效应;铜引起红细胞溶血度明显升高,且呈明显的时间、剂量效应。表明试验浓度铜能引起红细胞渗透脆性增加,红细胞溶血度增加,使红细胞损伤加重。     

高铜对肉鸡红细胞渗透脆性和溶血度的影响

为了研究铜日粮及铜孵育对肉鸡红细胞渗透脆性和溶血度的影响,试验采用200羽1日龄科宝商品代肉鸡随机平均分为4组,日粮中铜含量分别为11,110,330,550 mg/kg,饲养至10,20,30,40,50天时每组各取5只鸡采集血液、制备抗凝血,用不同浓度含铜孵育液孵育红细胞,验证剂量效应和时间效应;再从Ⅰ组取5只28日龄的肉鸡,采集抗凝血,分离、培养红细胞,采用改良的红细胞渗透脆性测定方法测定红细胞的渗透脆性,用H2O2诱导氧化溶血试验测定其溶血度。结果表明:随着日粮中铜剂量的增加及饲喂时间的延长,红细胞渗透脆性和溶血度均升高,且差异显著(P0.05);第50天时Ⅳ组红细胞渗透脆性和溶血度均升高,且差异极显著(P0.01);铜孵育能够极显著增加鸡红细胞渗透脆性(P0.01),极显著提高红细胞溶血度(P0.01),并呈现明显的时间、剂量效应。说明试验剂量铜能够显著提高肉鸡红细胞渗透脆性和溶血度,对肉鸡造成损害。     

家兔抗凝全血分光光度法检测红细胞渗透脆性

目的:建立一种操作简单的红细胞脆性试验定量方法,进而利用建立的方法检定胞磷胆碱钠注射液对红细胞脆性影响是否超出正常范围.方法:45 nm波长下分别测定红细胞在加有一系列不同量的两种质量明显差异的胞磷胆碱注射液的0.4%低渗氯化钠溶液中溶血后的吸光度.结果:每4 ml0.4%低渗氯化钠溶液中含0.4 ml胞磷胆碱钠注射液时两个厂家的产品对红细胞脆性影响具有最显著的差异.结论:采用此浓度药物条件下红细胞溶血后的吸光度可作为评价胞磷胆碱钠注射液对红细胞渗透脆性影响的指标.     

红景天对高原缺氧条件下肉鸡红细胞渗透脆性和红细胞压积的影响

通过日粮中添加不同比例的红景天,研究红景天对低氧应激条件下肉鸡红细胞渗透脆性和细胞压积的影响。试验选用270只1日龄雄性AA肉鸡,随即分为3组,每组6个重复。3组日粮分别添加了0、0.5%、1.5%红景天粉。在试验的第14、28、42天,每个处理选取2只鸡心脏采血,测定红细胞渗透脆性和血细胞压积。结果显示添加红景天可以显著降低低氧应激条件下肉鸡红细胞渗透脆性,并增加红细胞压积。表明红景天能够减少高原缺氧条件下肉鸡红细胞损伤,促进红细胞生成。     

附红细胞体自然感染对猪红细胞的影响

选择临床健康的 2月龄附红细胞体自然感染仔猪 1 5头 ,每周采血一次 ,连续 4次 ,观察红细胞的形态 ,并测定RBC、红细胞脆性 (最小脆性和最大脆性 )、红细胞ATPase和SOD活性、红细胞C3b受体 (E_C3bRR)率和红细胞免疫复合物花环 (E_ICR)率。检测结果 :随着猪附红细胞体感染强度的增强 ,所测定指标的变化无明显规律性或无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但红细胞脆性增高、红细胞ATPase和SOD活性及E_C3bRR率和E_ICR率均有降低趋势。表明猪感染附红细胞体后 ,红细胞易破裂而溶血、红细胞内外阳离子平衡失调、红细胞抗氧化能力降低、红细胞免疫功能下降。     

双峰驼红细胞的形态与特性研究

用光镜、电镜与血常规检查法研究了我国２８峰双峰鸵红细胞的形态特征和生物特性。这些动物的红细胞呈椭圆形，很薄，其边缘看来光滑，但在胞浆膜上有些小突起。经测定，红细胞平均体积（ＭＣＶ）较小（２３．９７±３．９５ｆｌ），但红细胞血红蛋白平均浓度（ＭＣＨＣ）比牛和马的高（３６．７５±５．１７ｇ％＞２７．６７±０．９６ｇ％或２８．４７±３．６５ｇ％，Ｐ＜０．０１）。同时双峰驼红细胞对渗透性溶解的抵抗力很强。作者发现，双峰驼红细胞在低渗透溶解前约可膨胀到原体积的１６０％。因此，红细胞在双峰驼体内的水－电解质代谢上有重要意义。     

硒对奶牛红细胞膜物理特性影响的研究

通过对不同地区奶牛红细胞膜物理特性的测定来说明硒对奶牛红细胞脱物理特性的影响。实验结果表明，由于硒含量的不同，奶牛红细胞膜物理特性有所不同，表现为低硒组奶牛红细胞膜流动性降低。微黏度增加，渗透脆性增加，经冰冻蚀刻电镜对蛋白形态进行观察。低硒组奶牛红细胞膜蛋白微粒分布稀少，个别区域有丛簇状分布。     

河南大尾寒羊血液生理指标的测定

对河南大尾寒羊的血液生理指标进行了测定，结果表明：大尾寒羊公母间RBC、WBC、PCV、Hb、MCV、MCH、MCHC均无显著性差异。大尾寒羊的红细胞脆性较大，而ESR值较小。     

棉酚对家兔部分血像的影响

在兔饲料中添加柿子饼20％，使柿酚含量为0．0264％，饲喂15只本地健康杂交家兔，25天后出现明显中毒现象。在此期间，每隔7天斗静脉采血测定部分血像。结果表明：随着实验期的延长，溶血现象增加，红细胞脆性增加，血沉增加。血红蛋白含量上升，红细胞数减少。血色指数呈上升趋势，最高值为1.53。白细胞数有下降趋势，其中嗜酸性、中性、嗜碱性白细胞数减少，而淋巴细胞和单核细胞数增加。     

过度运动对家兔红细胞渗透脆性的影响

<正>正常红细胞在渗透压逐渐降低的溶液(如氯化钠溶液)中表现有一定抵抗低渗(或低张)溶液的能力,即抗张力强度,它与脆性相对。抗张力越低越容易溶血,意味着脆性也越大。红细胞在低渗盐溶液中出现溶血的特性,称为红细胞渗透脆性,脆性值越大表示红细胞抗张力强度越大,就越不容易被破坏。红细胞变形性的影响因素很多,包括红细胞内部组成、     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.