武汉出台蜂业地方标准

7月8日,武汉市质量技术监督局发布了《武汉市蜜蜂饲养技术规范》、《武汉市蜂产品经营质量管理规范》、《蜂产品初级加工的技术规范》等3个地方技术标准规范。从而结束了武汉蜂产品无标准的历史。 武汉市现有蜂群10万箱,养蜂专业户6000多     

巴西蜂业生产情况

简述了巴西养蜂业的简史、1961-2019年的蜂群数量、蜂蜜产量,并对2017年巴西各州的蜂业生产进行了详细的介绍。结果表明,巴西的蜂群数量和蜂蜜产量均呈增加趋势,2017年是最近6年蜂蜜产值最高年。巴西南部蜂场最多,蜂蜜和蜂蜡产量最多,东南部人均饲养蜂群数量最多。南里奥格兰德是巴西蜂场数量和蜂群数量最多、蜂蜜产量和蜂蜡产量最高的州,坎普·阿莱格里·卢尔德市是巴西蜂场数量和蜂群数量最多的市,阿拉波蒂市是蜂蜜产量最多的市。朱萨拉市是蜂蜜单产最高的市。     

蜂业现代产业营销管理方略

从蜂业经营管理角度对蜂产品市场营销管理进行分析并予商榷.     

湖北省蜂业管理办法

湖北省人民政府令第 2 4 2号《湖北省蜂业管理办法》已经 2 0 0 3年 2月 2 1日省人民政府常务会议通过 ,现予发布 ,自 2 0 0 3年 4月 1日起施行。省长 罗清泉二○○三年二月二十七日     

德国蜂业体系对中国蜂业转型和发展的启示

中国蜂业正处于家庭式小规模生产向集约化生产的转型过程。研究了德国较为成熟的蜂业体系,总结出德国蜂业体系的闭环特征和其中涵纳的知识体系、调控体系和蜜蜂保护体系3个小体系的特点。对比中德蜂业体系,并结合中国蜂业实情,提出中国蜂业转型和发展的可操作建议,旨在为中国蜂业转型和发展提供新思路。     

巴西蜂业法律介绍及启示

介绍了巴西蜂业法律,内容涉及到蜂业生产、蜂业从业资格等方面,主要可分为蜜蜂法律和无刺蜂相关法律。无刺蜂法律中又分别就国家法律和各州法律进行了介绍。有助于读者了解巴西的蜂业法律及其主要内容。     

蜂业生产及蜂业企业的市场观

在我国加入世贸组织之后 ,面对新形势、新问题、新矛盾 ,蜂业生产和蜂业企业如何应对 ?当务之急是要转变市场观念 ,建立新的经营理念 ,把企业做大做强 ,提高市场竞争力     

大陆蜂业标准体系建设进展

蜂业标准体系是与蜂业直接或间接有关的各类标准的有机整体,是一种包括现有和预计发展的蜂业标准的全面蓝图.在我们看来,标准体系是现行标准的综合反映,是编制标准制、修订计划的依据;是促进标准化工作达到科学合理化的基础.建立标准体系是蜂业标准化工作的基础性科研工作.在大陆,蜂业标准体系的建设起步于二十世纪七十年代中后期,以NY6-83<中华蜜蜂十框蜂箱>,GH012-82<蜂蜜>,GH013-83<蜂蜡>三个标准的发布、实施为标志,表明蜂业标准体系的建设已经开始.随后,在二十世纪八十年代陆续发布实施了<蜂王浆><蜂花粉><蜂蜜包装><中华蜜蜂活框饲养技术规范>等产品、物流和饲养标准,蜂业标准初具规模.     

中国蜂业国家标准简介

标准是为在一定的范围内获得最佳秩序，对活动或其结果规定共同的和重复使用的规则、导则或特性的文件。该文件经协商一致制定并经一个公认机构的批准。标准应以科学、技术和经验的综合成果为基础，以促进最佳社会效益为目的。蜂业标准制定有助于规范中国蜂业市场，稳定蜂产品质量。     

试论蜂业经济管理学科的形成

本文从蜂业经济发展急需科学理论指导出发，充分论述经济管理学科形成的必要性和必然性。在此基础上，文章对蜂业经济管理学的研究对象，与其它学科的关系、研究内容以及研究的方法等重大问题进行了探讨和论述，从而对蜂业经济管理学科的形成及发展进行了理论阐述。     

新会计准则下上市公司盈余管理探析

我国2006年2月15日对39项新会计准则重新修订,结合目前国内上市公司盈余管理的新动向,以制约盈余管理的关键因素“会计准则”作为切入点来研究问题。我国上市公司中存在着广泛的盈余管理现象,保上市、保配股、保盈利是实施盈余管理的主要动机。介绍了上市公司盈余管理,剖析了新会计准则对公司盈余管理的限制和新会计准则下盈余管理的可能途径。     

我国兽用化学药品标准物质与国内外药品标准物质管理模式和研制技术的比较研究

为进一步提高我国兽用化学药品标准物质管理水平和研制技术，对中国、美国、欧盟、国际药典药品标准物质和我国兽用化学药品标准物质的管理模式进行了比较归纳，对各国标准物质研制中涉及的原料筛选、结构确证、均匀性评估、定值、稳定性监测等研制技术进行了总结梳理，以期为我国兽用化学药品标准物质的管理与研制提供借鉴和参考。     

新准则下债务重组对盈余管理的影响——基于上市ST公司的分析

文中介绍了新会计准则下债务重组的变化。通过新旧会计准则的对比,分析债权债务人损益的变化,以及债务重组对企业盈余管理和利润调节的影响。并以上市ST公司为例,证明了新会计准则下,债务重组所带来的“虚假繁荣”对上市公司进行盈余管理和扭亏为盈具有重要影响。     

Brucellosis in Brazil

This paper reviews the epidemiology of bovine, swine, ovine, caprine, and canine brucellosis in Brazil. The zoonotic aspects of Brucella infection in Brazil is also discussed. Emphasis is given to the new program for the control of brucellosis in cattle and buffaloes that is likely to provide important insights into the prospects and strategies for controlling brucellosis in developing countries.     

家蚕蛹巴西虫草多糖的分离纯化及其组成的初步分析

以家蚕蛹巴西虫草(Cordyceps brasiliensis Henn.)为材料提取水溶性多糖,并采用DEAE-52和Sephadex G-100柱色谱进行了分离纯化,获得了BCPS-1和BCPS-2两种多糖。BCPS-1多糖主要由葡萄糖、山梨糖、半乳糖和甘露糖组成;BCPS-2多糖主要由葡萄糖和山梨糖组成。两种多糖均为白色粉末,不溶于氯仿、丙酮等有机溶剂及高浓度乙醇,其相对分子量分别为41000和33000。     

国家那西肽标准品的研制与建立

本文介绍了首批国家那西肽标准品的研制与建立方法。那西肽标准品为黄绿色粉末,质谱法测定分子量为1220.15,用两种高效液相色谱法测定平均纯度为94.26%,干燥失重和炽灼残渣的结果为3.97%和2.00%,用质量平衡法定值含量为928u/mg。     

The Importance of Wild Canids in the Epidemiology of Rabies in Northeast Brazil: A Retrospective Study

Rabies is an endemic disease in Brazil, where it is considered a serious public health problem. Although the number of human and dog‐transmitted cases has declined in recent decades, rabies in wildlife has emerged considerably. Among the sylvatic animals, wild canids have been considered important hosts of the rabies virus. We performed a retrospective study of reported cases of rabies in wild canids and human victims in Ceará state (Northeast Brazil) during 2003 to 2013. Information was provided by governmental laboratories involved in rabies detection and by the Ministry of Health. From January 2003 to December 2013, a total of 11 931 animal samples were examined for rabies. Positivity were detected in 438 samples (3.67%), of which 229 (52.28%) were domestic animals, 105 (23.97%) wild canids and 104 (23.74%) other wild animals (bats, marmosets and raccoons). Approximately 33% of wild canids surveyed (n = 317) were positive for rabies. During the studied period, a total of 1923 attacks on humans by wild canids were registered. Males (n = 1405) were more affected than females (n = 520; 72.98% versus 27.01%), and the median age of all cases was 36.5 years. Injuries to individuals up to 19 years old corresponded to approximately 30% (n = 565) of all cases. Most of the victims lived in rural areas (72.46%; n = 1395), and the majority showed bites (81.13%; n = 1677) or scratches (12.23%; n = 253). Injuries were considered profound (52.1%; n = 1003), superficial (40.91; n = 788) or multiple with severe laceration (6.98%; n = 134). Only 1300 (67.53%) victims were enrolled for the complete rabies post‐exposure prophylaxis scheme. Data from the present study confirm that wild canids are important hosts of rabies virus in northeastern Brazil and jeopardize rabies control in this area. Local authorities should focus their efforts in education of health professionals. In addition, strategies should be formulated to preserve wildlife.     

Molecular characterization of canine coronavirus strains circulating in Brazil

To characterize canine coronavirus (CCoV) circulating in diarrheic puppies in Brazil, 250 fecal samples collected between 2006 and 2012 were tested. By using RT-PCR to partially amplify the M gene, CCoV RNA was detected in 30 samples. Sequence analysis of the M protein grouped eight strains with CCoV-I and another 19 with CCoV-II prototypes. To genotype/subtype the CCoV strains and assess the occurrence of single or multiple CCoV infections, RT-PCR of the S gene was performed, and 25/30 CCoV-positive strains amplified with one or two primer pairs. For 17/25 samples, single infections were detected as follows: six CCoV-I, nine CCoV-IIa and two CCoV-IIb. Eight samples were positive for more than one genotype/subtype as follows: seven CCoV-I/IIa and one CCoV-I/IIb. Sequence analysis revealed that the CCoV-I and IIa strains shared high genetic similarity to each other and to the prototypes. The Brazilian strains of CCoV-IIb displayed an aminoacid insertion that was also described in CCoV-IIb-UCD-1 and TGEV strains. Among the 25 CCoV-positive puppies, five had a fatal outcome, all but one of which were cases of mixed infection. The current study is the first reported molecular characterization of CCoV-I, IIa and IIb strains in Brazil.     

Parasitic encephalitis caused by Stephanurus dentatus in a pig in Brazil

A pig was in left lateral recumbency with limb spasticity, accentuated prostration, and strabismus, and was euthanized. During autopsy, yellowing of the leptomeninges at the ventral pons to medulla oblongata was noted. In the cerebellar peduncles, there was a focally extensive black-to-yellow area at the level of the vestibular nuclei. Histologic examination revealed a cross-section of a nematode larva, consistent with Stephanurus dentatus, bordered by edema and marked infiltration of mononuclear cells, plasma cells, and a few eosinophils. Vacuolation of the neuropil, with rare gitter cells and axonal spheroids, was also observed. We diagnosed parasitic encephalitis caused by S. dentatus migration based on the pathology findings and characterization of the parasite.     

巴西彩龟对人造环境适应性的试验研究

在特产动物中,巴西龟具有美食、食疗、观赏的价值已有报道。饲养者逐步增多,多以在自然环境条件下小规模繁殖饲养。笔者通过人造环境饲养试验,进行较为细致的饲养试验观察,初步尝试巴西龟高密度控温饲养的可行性,掌握巴西龟和本地乌龟的基本特征及巴西龟的一些基本生物特性,摄食生理特性和对环境变化的反应。为开展人造环境条件下饲养巴西龟寻找有效途径。