羊布鲁菌16MOmp25真核表达载体的构建

利用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）,以羊布鲁菌16M基因组为模板克隆Omp25基因,设计含有EcoRI和xhoI酶切位点的引物序列,定向克隆到真核表达载体pCMV-HA上,构建真核表达重组质粒pCMV-HA～Omp25。经测序及双酶切验证正确,证明成功构建了pCMV-HA—Omp25真核表达质粒,为表达纯化外膜蛋白Omp25,研究其功能奠定基础。     

布鲁氏菌M28强毒株O抗原聚合酶基因缺失株的构建及其毒力评价

为构建布鲁氏菌O抗原聚合酶缺失突变株,本研究以布鲁氏菌M28株为亲本株,利用同源重组方法,以编码O抗原聚合酶靶基因M28_ B0107基因ORF外侧序列作为同源臂构建重组质粒pSP-B0107-K,将其电转化至M28感受态细胞中,以卡那霉素抗性基因(Kanr)作为标记,筛选缺失突变株(M28-△B0107).M28-△B0107经过20余代传代培养,Kanr表达稳定.将M28-△B0107与M28以106 cfu剂量腹腔接种小鼠,进行体内致病性试验.结果显示,M28-△B0107感染组小鼠脾脏荷菌量显著低于亲本M28株感染组,感染6周时,前者低于后者近10倍(p＜0.05);而且M28-△B0107感染组脾脏重量也显著低于M28强毒株组(p＜0.05);小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞系(RAW264.7)感染能力试验结果表明,突变株与亲本株无明显差异(p＞0.05).     

羊布鲁菌强毒株16M与疫苗株M5外膜蛋白蛋白质组学研究

通过比较蛋白质组学分析M5生存表型的改变所引起的蛋白图谱与强毒株的差异之处,根据这些差异表达蛋白的LC/MS-MS鉴定结果来分析疫苗株的致弱机制进而为寻找新的毒力相关分子、鉴别诊断分子以及揭示布鲁菌胞内寄生机制提供帮助。本研究利用比较蛋白质组学技术,对布鲁菌强毒株16 M和弱毒株M5的外膜蛋白进行了差异比较分析,结果共发现33个差异蛋白点,代表了26个开放阅读框,这些蛋白涉及了蛋白质的生物合成(5/26)、氨基酸合成(3/26),脂肪酸代谢(2/26)、能量代谢(5/26),以及细胞被膜生物合成(4/26)和一些调节系统(4/26)等多个生物过程。这些发现为研究外膜蛋白在布鲁菌毒力,胞内寄生等过程中发挥的重要作用提供了新依据。     

羊布鲁氏菌16M基因组分泌蛋白的生物信息学分析

对羊布鲁氏菌全基因组16M中全部3 197个氨基酸序列进行生物信息学分析.利用SignalP和TatP软件分析N-端信号肽,结果显示具有N-端信号肽的序列有288个;继而用TMHMM和Phobius软件对这288个序列进行跨膜区预测,得到不含跨膜区的蛋白208个;最后利用LipoP对这208个蛋白进行分类,得到具有信号肽的蛋白191个.使用SecretomeP软件对被预测为无信号肽的蛋白质进行分析,结果显示有391个可能通过非经典途径分泌.由于分泌蛋白在细菌的致病过程中起着重要作用,而布鲁氏菌基因组编码的大多数蛋白的功能尚未确定,因此分析和预测布鲁氏菌的分泌蛋白可为更完整地、系统地研究布鲁氏菌的分子致病机理提供非常重要的信息.     

羊布鲁茵16MvjbR蛋白酵母双杂交诱饵表达载体的构建及其毒性和自激活效应检测

利用Sos招募系统（SRS）,通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增羊布鲁菌16MVjbR基因的编码序列,定向克隆到酵母表达载体pSos中,构建诱饵重组质粒pSos－VjbR,经测序正确后其将转入酵母菌cdc25H（α）感受态细胞,检测其表达产物对酵母细胞有无毒性作用及对报告基因有无自激活作用。结果表明,经序列测定证实重组诱饵质粒pSos－VjbR构建成功。重组质粒转化入酵母细胞后,经检测其表达产物对cdc25H（α）酵母细胞无毒性作用,对报告基因亦无自激活作用。这为利用SRS来研究与羊布鲁菌16MVjbR蛋白相互作用的蛋白奠定了基础。     

布鲁氏菌M5-90△WboA基因缺失株的构建及免疫效果的初步评价

为获得毒力较弱并能区分自然感染和疫苗免疫的布鲁氏菌候选疫苗株,本研究用PCR方法扩增WboA基因的上下游同源臂序列,构建重组质粒pGEM-7zf-△WboA-Sac,电转化布鲁氏菌M5-90感受态细胞,筛选布鲁氏菌疫苗株M5-90的WboA基因缺失株,并对获得的M5-90△WboA遗传稳定性、毒力、免疫保护性、抗体水平等指标进行检测.实验结果表明M5-90△WboA株的毒力比M5-90株明显减弱,差异极显著(p＜0.01),体液免疫和细胞免疫结果表明M5-90△WboA株与亲本M5-90株相比差异不显著(p＜0.05),M5-90△WboA株和亲本株的保护率分别为10％和20％,表明M5-90△WboA株与M5-90株具有相似的保护性.凝集试验和western blot试验显示M5-90△WboA株免疫小鼠的血清反应结果为阴性.本研究构建的布鲁氏菌基因缺失株M5-90△WboA具有较好的遗传稳定性,毒力比亲本株更弱,免疫保护性与亲本株相当,并能以血清学检测方法区分野毒株感染和缺失疫苗株免疫的动物.     

深度测序技术分析小鼠巨噬细胞感染布鲁菌16M株的转录组学变化

布鲁菌病是由布鲁菌引起的一种人兽共患性传染病,曾被用作生物恐怖战剂。本研究利用深度测序技术对布鲁菌感染小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264．7的转录组学轮廓进行了描述。在感染后4h,筛选出差异表达基因3576个,其中58％的基因表现上调;在感染后24h,筛选出差异表达基因3962个,其中45％的基因表现上调。并且在感染后24h内,变化显著的基因都是与炎症、免疫、吞噬、凋亡紧密相关的。进而我们分析了在感染后24h内显著变化的代谢途径,这些代谢途径包括内质网代谢途径、溶酶体代谢途径、及与凋亡相关的代谢途径;及被显著富集的信号通路,这些信号通路包括凋亡通路、NOD受体信号通路、Fc γR介导的吞噬通路、溶酶体信号通路、p53信号通路、内质网相关蛋白的通路;并且发现B细胞受体和toll样受体信号通路在感染后24h与感染后4h相比被显著富集。本研究建立的巨噬细胞感染布鲁菌后差异表达基因数据库,将为布鲁菌致病机制的逐步阐述奠定基础。     

The interaction of Brucella melitensis 16-M and caprine polymorphonuclear leukocytes

In the present work, a study about the phagocytosis and intracellular killing of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PNMLs) of goat in animals clinically healthy, vaccinated and inoculated experimentally with Brucella melitensis has been done. During 6 weeks postvaccination and postinfection, the evolution in these animals has been studied. Although animals were inoculated or vaccinated, there was influence in the phagocytosis and intracellular killing phases, even though a very low indices in this last phase, and in every event were given. The nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction indices in PMNLs were also investigated with different fractions of B. melitensis. Very low indices were given, and no influence of a postvaccination or postinfection state was found. Finally, the serum bactericidal action in every animal was studied with Brucella melitensis and this effect was not found.     

Pathogenicity and protective activity in pregnant goats of a Brucella melitensis Deltaomp25 deletion mutant

The Brucella melitensis mutant BM 25, which lacks the major 25 kDa outer membrane protein Omp25, has previously been found to be attenuated in the murine brucellosis model. In the present study, the capacity of the Deltaomp25 mutant to colonise and cause abortions in the caprine host was evaluated. The vaccine potential of BM 25 was also investigated in goats. Inoculation of nine pregnant goats in late gestation with the B. melitensis mutant resulted in 0/9 abortions, while the virulent parental strain, B. melitensis 16M, induced 6/6 dams to abort (P<0.001, n=6). BM 25 also colonised fewer adults (P<0.05, n=6) and kids (P<0.01, n=6) than strain 16M. The Deltaomp25 mutant was found capable of transient in vivo colonisation of non-pregnant goats for two weeks post-infection. Owing to the ability of BM 25 to colonise both non-pregnant and pregnant adults without inducing abortions, a vaccine efficacy study was performed. Vaccination of goats prior to breeding with either BM 25 or the current caprine vaccine B. melitensis strain Rev. 1 resulted in 100 per cent protection against abortion following challenge in late gestation with virulent strain 16M (P<0.05, n=7). However, unlike strain Rev. 1, BM 25 does not appear to cause abortions in late gestation based on this study with a small number of animals. The B. melitensis Deltaomp25 mutant, BM 25, may be a safe and efficacious alternative to strain Rev. 1 when dealing with goat herds of mixed age and pregnancy status.     

粗糙型布鲁菌M111菌壳的安全性和免疫原性

以粗糙型布鲁菌M111株和重组裂解质粒制备出布鲁菌菌壳,利用小鼠模型对布鲁菌菌壳、布鲁菌M111活菌和福尔马林灭活菌的安全性和免疫原性进行比较研究。结果显示,与布鲁菌弱毒菌株M111比较而言,布鲁菌菌壳具有更好的安全性,免疫小鼠后能产生与弱毒菌株相似的血清抗体水平、脾CD3+和CD4+T淋巴细胞反应,甚至产生更高水平的IFN-γ。这些结果表明,布鲁菌菌壳具有与弱毒菌株相似的体液免疫和细胞免疫能力,将来可能作为预防布鲁菌感染的新型候选疫苗,但布鲁菌菌壳疫苗的有效性和特异性免疫机制还有待深入研究。     

Induction of immune response in mice with a DNA vaccine encoding outer membrane protein (omp31) of Brucella melitensis 16M

Brucellosis causes serious economic losses to goat farmers by way of reproductive losses in the form of abortions and stillbirths. Nucleic acid vaccines provide an exciting approach for antigen presentation to the immune system. In this study, we evaluated the ability of DNA vaccine encoding the omp31 protein of Brucella melitensis 16M to induce cellular and humoral immune responses in mice. We constructed eukaryotic expression vectors called pTargeTomp31, encoding outer membrane protein (omp31) of B. melitensis 16M. pTargeTomp31 was injected intramuscularly three times, at 3-week intervals in groups of mice 6 weeks of age. pTargeTomp31 induced good antibody response in ELISA . pTargeTomp31 elicited a T-cell-proliferative response and also induced a strong gamma interferon production upon restimulation with either the omp31 antigen or B. melitensis 16M extract. We also demonstrate that animals immunized with this plasmid elicited a strong and long-lived memory immune response. Furthermore, pTargeTomp31 elicited a typical T-helper 1-dominated immune response in mice, as determined by immunoglobulin G isotype analysis. This vaccine also provided the moderate degree of protection to the mice. This study for the first time focuses on DNA immunization of a gene from B. melitensis. These results may lead to the development of a DNA-based vaccine for the control of brucellosis in goats.     

粗糙型布鲁菌M111菌壳的制备

将含有裂解酶基因重组温控裂解质粒pBBR1MCS∷PR-PL-E电转化至粗糙型布鲁菌M111中,构建重组布鲁菌M111(pBBR1MCS∷PR-PL-E)。重组菌株在28℃培养,42℃诱导表达裂解酶E,从而制备布鲁菌菌壳。绘制布鲁菌生长曲线及裂解曲线,计算裂解率并用透射电镜观察布鲁菌菌壳的形态。结果显示,成功制备了布鲁菌菌壳,温控裂解质粒pBBR1MCS∷PR-PL-E对布鲁菌的裂解率为100%。透射电镜观察可见细菌内容物部分流出,细菌表面出现不同程度的皱缩,细胞形态发生变化。结果表明,本试验成功制备了粗糙型布鲁菌菌壳,初步研究了其基本特性,为下一步开展布鲁菌菌壳疫苗的研究奠定了基础。     

布鲁氏菌外膜蛋白16基因的克隆及原核表达

为了成功克隆外膜蛋白16(outer membrane proteins 16, Omp16)基因并对其进行原核表达,试验根据GenBank中羊布鲁氏菌M5-90株外膜蛋白Omp16基因序列(登录号:JF918760.1)设计1对引物,从布鲁氏菌基因组中扩增出大小约为507 bp的目的基因片段,凝胶回收纯化目的片段,连接入pMD20-T质粒,转化E.coli DH5α并测序,测序正确后再亚克隆入pET-28a(+)表达载体,构建重组质粒pET-Omp16,转化入E.coli BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导其表达,最后用Western blotting分析方法鉴定诱导得到的蛋白。结果表明,成功构建了pET-Omp16原核表达载体,并在E.coli BL21中表达了Omp16基因,诱导得到的蛋白经鉴定与目的蛋白大小一致,证明成功表达了目的基因。     

牛、羊、猪、犬布鲁氏菌病多重PCR方法的建立

The purpose of the experiment was to establish a rapid multiplex PCR detection method which could distinguish B.abortus，B.melitensis，B.suis and B.canis. According to the differences of IS711 and complete genome sequences，four pairs of primers were designed. Multiplex PCR reaction system and conditions were optimized，the specificity，sensitivity and stability of the multiplex PCR were analyzed.Through the establishment of the multiplex PCR，B.abortus，B. melitensis，B. suis and B.canis could amplify the expected fragment，the sizes of the expected fragment were 494，732，591 and 272 bp，respectively. The PCR sensitivity of B.abortus，B.melitensis，B.suis and B.canis were 1.1×10²，5.1×10²，3.5×10² and 2.5×10² CFU/mL，respectively. Detected artificially infectious samples of milk by PCR，PCR sensitivity could reach 1.0×10³ CFU/mL.The developed multiplex PCR method was simple，fast，high sensitivity，and had good prospects and important significance for the identification of B.abortus，B.melitensis，B.suis and B.canis.     

羊种布鲁氏菌的分离鉴定及其ugpB基因的原核表达

对新疆某羊场流产胎儿进行布鲁氏菌病原分离、培养,采用细菌群体形态观察、PCR、生化试验进行鉴定,结果分离得到了羊种布鲁氏菌生物3型,命名为027株.应用常规分子生物学方法克隆羊种布鲁氏菌生物3型027株的ugpB基因,构建原核表达载体pET-ugpB,转化E.coli BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达重组蛋白UgpB,进行SDS-PAGE和western blot分析,结果表明ugpB融合基因在大肠杆菌中得到了表达;采用Ni-NTA Agarose试剂盒进行蛋白纯化,获得了纯化的融合蛋白.     

The isolation and serology of the "FSA" Brucella melitensis Rev. 1 mutant in a flock of sheep

A flock of sheep, known to be infected with the "FSA" mutant of Brucella melitensis Rev. 1, was examined serologically and bacteriologically to determine whether any relationship existed which would help in the control of this infection in the field. An attempt was also made to determine whether vertical transmission occurred. Twenty-one out of 62 sheep were bacteriologically positive. The best organs for isolation were the udder, supramammary lymphnodes and uterus. No significant relationship could be shown between the complement fixation test and bacterial isolation. The absence of any relationship between serological and bacteriological results agrees with a short-lived infection. None of the 24 lambs sacrificed at 5 months showed either serological reactions or were bacteriologically positive, thus no vertical transmission could be shown.     

Design and implementation of a database for Brucella melitensis genome annotation

The genome sequences of three Brucella biovars and of some species close to Brucella sp. have become available, leading to new relationship analysis. Moreover, the automatic genome annotation of the pathogenic bacteria Brucella melitensis has been manually corrected by a consortium of experts, leading to 899 modifications of start sites predictions among the 3198 open reading frames (ORFs) examined. This new annotation, coupled with the results of automatic annotation tools of the complete genome sequences of the B. melitensis genome (including BLASTs to 9 genomes close to Brucella), provides numerous data sets related to predicted functions, biochemical properties and phylogenic comparisons. To made these results available, alphaPAGe, a functional auto-updatable database of the corrected sequence genome of B. melitensis, has been built, using the entity-relationship (ER) approach and a multi-purpose database structure. A friendly graphical user interface has been designed, and users can carry out different kinds of information by three levels of queries: (1) the basic search use the classical keywords or sequence identifiers; (2) the original advanced search engine allows to combine (by using logical operators) numerous criteria: (a) keywords (textual comparison) related to the pCDS's function, family domains and cellular localization; (b) physico-chemical characteristics (numerical comparison) such as isoelectric point or molecular weight and structural criteria such as the nucleic length or the number of transmembrane helix (TMH); (c) similarity scores with Escherichia coli and 10 species phylogenetically close to B. melitensis; (3) complex queries can be performed by using a SQL field, which allows all queries respecting the database's structure. The database is publicly available through a Web server at the following url: http://www.fundp.ac.be/urbm/bioinfo/aPAGe.     

Infection of cattle in Kenya with Brucella abortus biovar 3 and Brucella melitensis biovar 1 genotypes

Brucella melitensis biovar 1 was isolated from bovine milk samples from a herd in central Kenya, and Brucella abortus biovar 3 was isolated from aborted fetus materials and vaginal discharge fluids from cattle in central and eastern provinces of Kenya. All infections including those with B. melitensis were in cattle with reproductive problems kept in mixed herds indicating that cross infection occurs from small ruminants. Multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis genotyping revealed a close molecular homology of the B. melitensis isolates with an isolate from Israel and a close homology of the B. abortus isolates with an isolate from Uganda indicating that these genotypes have a wide geographic distribution. Infection of cattle with B. melitensis may complicate the control of brucellosis in this country.     

布鲁氏菌Omp25的表达及抗原性分析

克隆羊外膜蛋白Omp25基因,在大肠杆菌中表达、纯化,并对Omp25蛋白的抗原性进行分析.以布鲁氏菌染色体DNA模板,扩增Omp25基因,双酶切后克隆至pET32a上,在大肠杆菌ER2566 (DE3)中诱导表达,组氨酸结合树脂柱纯化,Western blotting鉴定Omp25蛋白的免疫原性.将Omp25克隆至载体pET32a,提取的重组质粒经PCR鉴定、双酶切鉴定和测序分析确定目的基因成功插入到了克隆载体中.将重组质粒转化于大肠杆菌ER2566 (DE3)中表达获得HIS融合蛋白,SDS-PAGE分析证明,表达产物为43 000的融合蛋白.Western blotting分析表明,所表达的蛋白具有免疫原性.结果表明,成功地表达并纯化了Omp25蛋白,而且纯化的蛋白具有一定的免疫原性.本试验为进一步研究Omp25蛋白的功能以及寻找布鲁氏菌的诊断性蛋白奠定了基础.