安徽部分地区猪弓形虫病的血清学调查研究

为了解安徽地区猪感染弓形虫病的情况,从安徽省部分地区养殖场(户)采取猪血清1 227份,采用间接血凝试验(IHA)检测弓形虫抗体。结果显示:平均阳性率为24.29%,表明安徽地区猪弓形虫病普遍存在。其发生与流行与养殖月份和养殖规模相关。     

辽宁省猪血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒抗体的血清学调查

摘要： 从辽宁省各地区采集猪血清样本,应用血凝和血凝抑制试验检测血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒(HEV)抗体。结果,910份样品中有451份呈现HEV抗体阳性反应,阳性率为49.6%;抽检了10个规模化养猪场共280份样品,阳性率高达70.0%;抽查了不同年龄阶段猪血清样品,种母猪阳性率最高,为73.8%,仔猪次之,为67.5%,育肥猪最低,为37.0%。调查证明辽宁省各地区普遍存在HEV感染,被采集血清的成年猪未表现临床症状,说明HEV在本地区的猪群中主要表现为隐性感染,仔猪有少数出现症状,诊断为HEV与猪瘟或猪繁殖与呼吸综合征等混合感染。关键词：血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒;血清学调查;猪;     

广东省猪伪狂犬病时间分布和空间分布的研究

为了研究猪伪狂犬病（PR）的流行病学,对1998-2004年间广东省PR血清流行的时间和空间分布进行了调查．结果表明：东莞、惠州、深圳、阳江、珠海的PR血清阳性率较高（〉20％）,清远和汕尾地区最少（〈10％）,最高地区是最低地区的3．82倍．有51．7％猪场血清阳性率分布在10％以下．PR血清流行在时间序列有每隔5个月出现1个峰值的可能（P〉0．05）．通过ARIMA模型预测,2005年1月广东省的PR血清阳性率为14．23％,与真实值15．06％符合得较好．时间-空间对应分析表明：2002、2003年为珠江三角洲PR流行的高峰期,粤北在2001年为高发年份;2002、2003年,PR的流行率均以粤东为最低．二维对应分析图概括了原始信息量的83．3％．     

四川省腹泻病猪的猪萨佩罗病毒检测及1B基因序列比较分析

为了解猪萨佩罗病毒(porcine sapelovirus, PSV)的流行及变异情况,采集2015-2016年四川地区12个县市34个猪场共计428份腹泻病料,采用QRT-PCR方法对PSV进行检测。结果显示:在428份病料中,共有114份为PSV阳性,阳性率为26.6%;所检测的34个猪场中,共有20个猪场显示PSV阳性,猪场阳性率为58.8%,表明PSV在四川地区普遍存在。此外,对来自不同县市共14份PSV阳性病料1B全基因进行PCR扩增,通过分子克隆,测序,再利用序列分析软件对四川部分地区猪萨佩罗病毒1B基因进行序列分析。结果表明,14条猪萨佩罗病毒1B基因核苷酸序列及推导出的氨基酸序列相似性分别为90.6%~100%和97.1%~100%。遗传进化分析显示,该研究获得的四川株与已知中国株分属于一个大的分支,说明我国猪萨佩罗病毒1B基因序列较为保守,没有发生大的基因变异。所有中国分离株与韩国株、德国株、英国株处在不同分支,又说明我国PSV的流行毒株可能存在独立进化。     

安徽省部分地区猪圆环病毒2型感染情况调查

[目的]了解猪群猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)的感染情况,为安徽省猪圆环病毒病的防控提供科学数据。[方法]调查了安徽省8个县(区)的17个健康猪群,采集439份生猪扁桃体样品,采用荧光定量PCR方法对其进行检测。[结果]猪群PCV2平均感染率为23.0%,9个场点PCV2呈阳性,占53%;种猪场、商品猪场及屠宰场PCV2感染率分别为45.0%、11.8%和43.0%,商品猪场PCV2感染率极显著低于种猪场和屠宰场(P0.01);淮河以北地区和江淮之间地区PCV2感染率分别为13.0%和25.5%,差异显著(P0.05);大型商品猪场、中型商品猪场和小型商品猪场PCV2感染率分别为8.0%、0和26.0%,中型商品猪场PCV2感染率极显著低于大型商品猪场和小型商品猪场(P0.01);生产母猪、后备母猪、保育猪及育肥猪PCV2感染率分别为12.0%、16.0%、0和17.0%,其中保育猪PCV2感染率极显著低于生产母猪、后备母猪及育肥猪(P0.01)。[结论]安徽省部分地区超过50%猪群存在PCV2感染,应引起足够重视。     

河南省猪瘟流行现状调查及净化措施研究

对25个猪场191头疑似猪瘟病猪进行流行病学调查,病理剖检,兔体接种试验及反转录多聚酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测,发现仔猪猪瘟阳性检出率平均为77.4%,并呈快速上升趋势。RT-PCR法检测猪瘟快速、准确。调查显示我省猪瘟流行和发病出现一些新的特点,疫情呈蔓延和增加的趋势。对5个猪瘟污染猪场实行定期检测,淘汰带毒猪,培育健康无猪瘟带毒的种猪群和后备种猪群为主,制定合理的免疫程序,采取同步防治其他疾病的猪瘟综合防治措施,取得了很好的效果。     

贵州规模养猪场主要疫病的流行状况

为给贵州省规模养猪场疫病的预防与控制提供参考,对2008—2010年贵州省动物疫病研究室检测与诊断的规模养猪场疾病发生情况进行了整理分析。结果表明:在免疫猪群中,仍有猪瘟、猪蓝耳病、猪伪狂犬病、猪细小病毒病和猪圆环病毒病的发生,其检出率分别为16.4%、17.8%、16.8%、12.8%和17.1%,在未免疫猪群中的检出率为43.7%、46.3%、26.5%、26.8%和45.6%,且多为混合感染。猪蓝耳病和猪瘟仍是危害规模养猪场的2种重要疫病,且猪圆环病毒病存在严重的隐性感染,多种病原体混合感染趋势加重。     

黑龙江省家畜血清HEV抗体和抗原水平的检测

[目的]探索黑龙江省戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）在家畜中的分布情况。[方法]采用酶联免疫吸附试验法（EusA）,检测来自黑龙江省2个地区血清样品3月龄以上大猪719份、3月龄以下小猪840份、牛505份、羊515份HEV抗原和抗体阳性率。[结果]猪群抗体水平最高,猪群（89．71％）可能比其他种群更容易感染HEV（P〈O．001）。黑龙江省共检测出HEYAg阳性血清样品猪59份,牛3份,羊1份。与吉林、辽宁相比,黑龙江省猪群HEV感染率较高。[结论]黑龙江省猪群感染HEV较为普遍,且大猪感染率高于小猪。     

昆明地区犬戊型肝炎流行的血清学调查

为了解昆明地区犬戊型肝炎(HE)流行的情况,共采集血清样本268份,其中包括昆明主城区家庭散养犬血清样本163份,养犬场犬血清样本65份,城市流浪犬血清样本40份。采用双抗原夹心ELISA方法对上述血清样本进行HEV抗体的检测。结果显示,268份犬血清中HEV抗体平均阳性率为48.51%,城市流浪犬HEV抗体阳性率较高,不同品种不同年龄犬HEV抗体阳性率有差异显著。结果表明昆明地区犬戊型肝炎已经普遍流行,尤其以流浪犬HEV的感染较为严重。     

云南省猪戊型肝炎血清流行病学调查

 为了解云南省猪群戊型肝炎流行情况,从各地养猪场、屠宰场共采集270份血清,应用双抗夹心酶联免疫测定法（DS-ELISA）进行血清学调查。检测结果174份样品呈HEV-IgG抗体阳性,总阳性率64.4%,其中养殖场血清抗体阳性率为55.6%,屠宰厂为68.9%。比较养殖场的各年龄阶段猪群显示,母猪群血清抗体阳性率最高,为71.4%。本研究表明猪戊型肝炎在云南省也有存在,并呈一定的流行趋势,感染率随年龄增长而升高。     

High Prevalence of Eimeria Infection in Domestic Pigeons(Columba Livia Domestica) in Guangdong Province,Southern China

[Objective] This study aimed to make a survey of domestic pigeons for infection with Eimeria species of coccidia was conducted in Guangdong Province, southern China. [Method] A total of 244 fecal samples(102 from Huizhou, 83 from Jiangmen, 35 from Chaozhou and 24 from Guangzhou, respectively) in four pigeon breeding farms between June 2012 and March2013 were collected and examined microscopically. [Results] Eimeria oocysts were seen in 223(91.4%) fecal samples, with three species, namely E. labbeana, E.columbae and E. kapotei. E. labbeana was the most common species in Guangdong provinces with an overall prevalence of 91.4%, while a slightly lower incidence of E. columbae and E. kapotei species was detected with11.1% and 6.6%, representatively. The prevalence in different months varied ranging from 83.3% to 91.7%, with the highest prevalence in summer. Nestling groups showed obviously high infection than adult pigeons. [Conclusion] The present survey indicated the wide and severe prevalence of Eimeria infection in Guangdong domestic pigeons, which suggested that integrated measures should be taken to control and prevent coccidiosis of pigeons in this province.     

High Prevalence of Eimeria Infection in Domestic Pigeons (Columba Livia Domestica) in Guangdong Province,Southern China

[Objective] This study aimed to make a survey of domestic pigeons for infection with Eimeria species of coccidia was conducted in Guangdong Province, southern China. [Method] A total of 244 fecal samples(102 from Huizhou, 83 from Jiangmen, 35 from Chaozhou and 24 from Guangzhou, respectively) in four pigeon breeding farms between June 2012 and March2013 were collected and examined microscopically. [Results] Eimeria oocysts were seen in 223(91.4%) fecal samples, with three species, namely E. labbeana, E.columbae and E. kapotei. E. labbeana was the most common species in Guangdong provinces with an overall prevalence of 91.4%, while a slightly lower incidence of E. columbae and E. kapotei species was detected with11.1% and 6.6%, representatively. The prevalence in different months varied ranging from 83.3% to 91.7%, with the highest prevalence in summer. Nestling groups showed obviously high infection than adult pigeons. [Conclusion] The present survey indicated the wide and severe prevalence of Eimeria infection in Guangdong domestic pigeons, which suggested that integrated measures should be taken to control and prevent coccidiosis of pigeons in this province.     

RT-PCR技术检测河南省猪瘟病毒的研究

对25个猪场进行流行病学调查,对191只疑似猪瘟发病猪进行RT-PCR检测,结果表明,猪瘟阳性检出率平均为77.4%。     

陕西省PRRSV与CSFV、PCV2、PRV混合感染的检测

运用RT-PCR和PCR技术对高热病期间陕西西安、宝鸡、渭南、榆林、汉中、商洛等地区猪场送检的146 份样品进行猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪瘟病毒(CSFV) 、猪圆环病毒2 型( PCV2) 和猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)检测.结果显示:被检样品中PRRSV的阳性率达46.6%(68/146);PRRSV与CSFV、PCV2 和PRV 3种病毒均有混合感染现象, PRRSV + CSFV混合感染率为25%(17/68),PRRSV +PCV2为19.1%(13/68),PRRSV + PRV为4.4% (3/68),PRRSV + PCV2+ CSFV为14.7%(10/68), PRRSV + PCV2+ CSFV+PRV为2.9%(2/68).结果表明以PRRSV为主要病原的混合感染在所检测的高热病发病猪群的存在是非常普遍的.     

Month-Wise Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows in Guangdong Province,China

To evaluate the month-wise prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SM) and its relations with climatic temperature and humidity, and to provide references for control and prevention of mastitis in dairy cows in Guangdong, China, California mastitis test method was used to determine the monthly prevalence of SM (MPSM, %) of lactating Holstein cows from 11 dairy farms in Guangdong Province, China, including about 516 cows per monthly examination. The average MPSM on a cow and a quarter basis were 30 and 13% respectively, and there was a positive linear correlation between monthly mean air temperature (MT, ?C) and MPSM on a cow basis (r=0.763, P=0.004) or a quarter basis (r=0.577, P=0.049), but there were no correlations between MT and MPSM on a cow or a quarter basis (P>0.05). There was a shift in MPSM trend that the highest MPSM (38.4%) was not for the hottest July with MT at 30.8?C, but for the later September at 27.9?C. The farms need to develop new housing conditions to control cowshed temperatures in the hot season to reduce the mastitis prevalences in the posthot months.     

上海地区猪戊型肝炎病毒部分序列的克隆与分析

对上海地区几个猪场的戊型肝炎感染情况进行了调查,共采集粪便样品36份,通过RT-nPCR的方法应用通用引物对病毒基因组的ORF2部分片断进行扩增,36份样品中有5份RT-nPCR阳性,HEV RNA阳性率为13.9%,去除相同的序列,得到2株HEV的ORF2部分序列。序列分析表明,这两段序列与基因I、II、III、IV的遗传距离分别为0.183、0.207、0.230、0.102和0.177、0.226、0.240、0.108。系统进化分析显示,这两株病毒都属于基因Ⅳ型。     

河南省猪伪狂犬病的流行动态及防制研究

对河南省１９ 个猪场发病仔猪的检测发现,许多被检仔猪存在ＰＲＶ 感染,发病猪场占全省猪场的９ ．６ ％ ,其ＰＲＶ 阳性检出率平均为３４ ．５ ％ ,占被检发病仔猪的３５ ．８ ％ ,并呈快速上升趋势。对３ 个ＰＲＶ 污染猪场采取了综合控制措施,取得了较好的效果,为养猪场控制此病提供了可靠的方法。     

Detection and characterization of Hepatitis E virus from commercial rabbit livers in Hebei,China

Rabbit hepatitis E virus (HEV) has been reported for years and is thought to have the potential for zoonotic transmission from rabbits to humans. As reported, HEV genotype 3 (gt3) is the most prevalent form of HEV in rabbits. To determine the prevalence of HEV in commercial rabbit livers, 176 liver samples were collected from an abattoir in Hebei Province, China. Three (1.7%) samples tested positive for RNA of HEV-ORF2 (open reading frames-2). Sequence analysis showed that the three isolates shared high identities with each other (94.08–98.85%). Further analysis showed that all the rabbit strains clustered together in the branch of HEV gt3. Further study by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays showed that 131 (74.4%) liver samples were positive for HEV ORF2 protein. Pathological changes including cell degeneration, inflammatory cell infiltration and bile duct epithelial cell hyperplasia were observed under microscopy. These findings indicated the presence of HEV in commercial livers of rabbits. Additional studies should be conducted to investigate the infectivity of rabbit HEV (rHEV) and the potential risks of zoonotic transmission of rHEV from rabbits to human beings.     

哺乳母猪肠杆菌PMQR基因的检测#br#

【目的】探讨广东集约化猪场哺乳母猪肠杆菌质粒介导喹诺酮类耐药（PMQR）基因的存在情况及其与Ⅰ类整合子的流行相关性。 【方法】通过PCR测序对分离自哺乳母猪的74株大肠杆菌和20株沙门氏菌进行PMQR（qnrA ,qnrB, qnrS,aac(6')-Ib-cr,qepA）基因检测。对PMQR基因阳性株进行Ⅰ类整合酶intⅠ基因PCR检测。采用琼脂平皿二倍稀释法测定PMQR阳性株对14种抗菌药物的MIC值。【结果】在94株被测菌中,共检出PMQR阳性菌14（14.9%）株,其中qnrB 阳性菌2株,qnrS 阳性菌11株,aac(6')-Ib-cr 阳性菌4株,有1株沙门氏菌Salmonella 14同时携带qnrB,qnrS,aac(6')-Ib-cr 3种PMQR基因,1株大肠杆菌E. coli 2同时携带qnrB和aac(6')-Ib-cr。qnrA和qepA未有检测出。14株PMQR阳性菌均携带Ⅰ类整合子且耐药性普遍较为严重。【结论】哺乳母猪源的肠杆菌存在PMQR基因的流行,且以qnrS的检出率为最高。Ⅰ类整合子与PMQR基因同时存在,是导致哺乳母猪肠杆菌多重耐药的重要因素。     

哺乳母猪肠杆菌PMQR基因的检测

【目的】探讨广东集约化猪场哺乳母猪肠杆菌质粒介导喹诺酮类耐药(PMQR)基因的存在情况及其与Ⅰ类整合子的流行相关性。【方法】通过PCR测序对分离自哺乳母猪的74株大肠杆菌和20株沙门氏菌进行PMQR(qnrA,qnrB,qnrS,aac(6')-Ib-cr,qepA)基因检测。对PMQR基因阳性株进行Ⅰ类整合酶intⅠ基因PCR检测。采用琼脂平皿二倍稀释法测定PMQR阳性株对14种抗菌药物的MIC值。【结果】在94株被测菌中,共检出PMQR阳性菌14(14.9%)株,其中qnrB阳性菌2株,qnrS阳性菌11株,aac(6')-Ib-cr阳性菌4株,有1株沙门氏菌Salmonella14同时携带qnrB,qnrS,aac(6')-Ib-cr3种PMQR基因,1株大肠杆菌E.coli2同时携带qnrB和aac(6')-Ib-cr。qnrA和qepA未有检测出。14株PMQR阳性菌均携带Ⅰ类整合子且耐药性普遍较为严重。【结论】哺乳母猪源的肠杆菌存在PMQR基因的流行,且以qnrS的检出率为最高。Ⅰ类整合子与PMQR基因同时存在,是导致哺乳母猪肠杆菌多重耐药的重要因素。