端粒酶RNA亚基的shRNA对细胞端粒酶活性的影响(英文)

[Objective] The study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of shRNA of chTR on telomerase activity in MDCC-MSB1 cells. [Method] The artificially designed and synthesized short hairpin RNA(shRNA) of chicken telomerase RNA(chTR) was used to construct the expression vector that was subsequently transfected to MDCC-MSB1 cells, then the telomerase activity of these cells measured by improved TRAP method. [Result] Compared to the CK group, the telomerase activities in the treatment cells showed no obvious decrease in 24 h after transfection, while decreased remarkably 48 h later, among which in the cells transfected by interference vector pSi-chTR-sh1 presented the most obvious inhibitory effects. [Conclusion] This vector could effectively inhibit the telomerase activities in MDCC-MSB1 cells.     

东北矮紫杉细胞悬浮培养中褐化问题的研究(英文)

[目的]研究东北矮紫杉悬浮培养细胞褐化现象,为紫衫细胞悬浮培养提供指导方法。[方法]以东北矮紫杉愈伤组织为试验材料,探讨不同培养基、N/P 比、pH、培养转速、光照及强度等因素对矮紫杉细胞悬浮培养褐化的影响。[结果]将无褐化的愈伤组织转接到pH7.0的2MB5培养基中,于22℃、1500lx光强、90r/min 转速的条件下光照培养24h,细胞褐化现象能得到明显抑制。[结论]该研究结果为紫衫细胞悬浮培养奠定了基础,对于大规模工业化生产紫杉醇具有重要意义。     

城市和工业化对山东半岛农田系统的影响(英文)

[目的]对城市和工业化对山东半岛农田系统的影响进行研究。[方法]以山东半岛为研究区,通过遥感解译、数据空间分析、社会统计数据分析,了解城市和工业化对农田系统的影响。[结果]山东半岛的荒地面积在研究时段先减后增,耕地面积逐渐减少,而果园和林地的面积逐年增加。造成这种差异趋势的主要原因是政府政策和农民利益最大化等因素共同作用的结果。同时,工业和城市化发展使用于农业生产的化肥施用量和农业机械总动力逐渐增加。这种发展趋势对环境、工业和城市化带来了不同影响。[结论]为了社会经济和环境的和谐发展,政府应制定更多的政策来协调社会经济和环境的发展。     

细胞和个体水平沉默效应的差异(英文)

[目的]研究3种不同长度的四联shRNA载体及其在细胞与个体水平的沉默效应差异。[方法]以EGFP为靶标基因,用hU6、mU6、h7SK、hH14种启动子,构建21、27、29bp的3种四联沉默载体,通过转染Vero细胞和注射小鼠肌肉,以实时荧光定量PCR的方法检测绿色荧光蛋白基因的mRNA水平。[结果]3种载体都有很强的沉默效应;其在细胞水平上的沉默效应远高于个体水平上;可以通过未成年鼠的肌肉注射进行转基因。[结论]多位点串联表达shRNA是一种可以达到较好干扰效果的方法;肌肉注射将是一个简便的转基因途径。     

BmDaxx对家蚕细胞和幼虫组织凋亡的调控作用(英文)

采用荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, RT-qPCR)方法体外扩增并鉴定家蚕死亡结构域相关蛋白基因(BmDaxx)。结果表明:BmDaxx及其下游基因BmFadd和BmDredd的表达水平在BmDaxx过表达后显著升高,但在BmDaxx的RNA干扰后,BmDaxx和BmFadd的表达水平显著降低;BmDaxx过表达增加半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3/7(cystein-asparate protease-3/7, caspase-3/7)活性,而RNA干扰则降低caspase-3/7活性。用caspase-3/7抑制剂处理BmN细胞后,与对照组相比,BmDaxx、BmFadd和BmDredd的转录水平降低。在家蚕吐丝期,BmDaxx在丝腺中的表达量显著高于其他组织,这与丝腺的凋亡退化过程相一致。注射caspase抑制剂后,凋亡相关基因BmDaxx、BmFadd和BmDredd的表达水平显著降低。由此可以认为,BmDaxx及其下游基因BmFadd和BmDredd之间存在着相互作用,它们在BmN细胞和丝腺细胞凋亡中起着关键作用。     

土壤中磷的同位素交换反应初步研究(英文)

本文研究了在长达八个多月的实验室培养过程中,土壤可溶性磷,~(32)P交换性磷以及Olsen-P的动态变化。当施磷量相当于土壤吸附容量的40％和80％时,上述三种有效磷数量在培养的头两个星期内急剧下降,而后呈缓慢降低,直到培养结束.对于红壤来说,交换性磷数量与施磷量的比值不受施磷水平的影响。在不施磷的情况下,加入酸性红壤中的~(32)P主要同NaOH-P结合在一起,而中性水稻土中的~(32)P主要同树指-磷结合在一起.施用磷肥显著地提高了所有土壤中~(32)P同树脂-磷结合在一起的比例.     

菠菜AFLP反应体系研究(英文)

[目的]该研究旨在初步建立适合于菠菜作物的AFLP反应体系。[方法]运用改良CTAB法提取6份菠菜品种的DNA,对AFLP反应体系中酶切连接、预扩、选扩等实验条件进行了优化分析。[结果]研究结果如下:(1)在PCR仪中酶切的效果比水浴的要好,酶切反应对酶切时间和DNA的浓度要求不敏感。(2)菠菜AFLP预扩选扩体系的反应体积为20μl,Mg2+(25mmol/L)1.2μl,dNTPs(2.5mmol/L)1.6μl,Taq-polymerase(5U/μl)0.2μl最佳。[结论]该研究建立的AFLP反应体系对与菠菜基因组分析时稳定有效的,该技术体系为菠菜品种亲缘关系的AFLP分子标记分析和遗传育种等提供一定的理论基础。     

紫鸭跖草细胞中铜的分配和化学形态特征研究(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study was to reveal the mechanism of Cu2+ hyper-accumulator in Setcreasea purpurea Boom from the angle of distribution characteristics and binding form of Cu2+ in tissue cells.[Method]The distribution characteristics of Cu2+ in subcells of Setcreasea purpurea Boom was studied by the technique of differential centrifugation,and the binding form of Cu2+ in roots and leaves of Setcreasea purpurea Boom was also investigated by the sequential chemical extraction method and the enzymolysis method.[Result]Cu2+ in roots mainly distributed in the cell wall which is accounting for one third of the Total Cu2+ in roots,while Cu2+ in leaves mainly distributed in the chloroplast which is accounting for a quarter to the Total Cu2+ in leaves.Under the high concentration of Cu2+ or the extended treatment duration,the translocation of Cu2+ in root cells into the cell wall increased but the translocation of Cu2+ in root cells into the plastid decreased,while the translocation of Cu2+ in leaf cells into the chloroplast increased but the translocation of Cu2+ in leaf cells into the cell wall decreased.Cu2+ in leaves was mainly combined with amino acid,small molecular polymeric pigments,protein and polysaccharide,while Cu2+ in roots was mainly combined with cell wall substances such as cellulose and membrane-bound protein.[Conclusion]The distribution characteristics and binding form of Cu2+ in cells is possibly one of the dominant mechanisms for Cu2+ hyper-accumulator in Setcreasea purpurea Boom.     

水稻(秀水11)再生系统的改进和转化(英文 )

对水稻 (秀水 11)的再生了进行了改进 ,再生频率达到 35% .利用该系统 ,我们进行了苯丙氨酸脱氨酸基因的转化 ,获得了再生植株 .经 PCR检测证实基因转化成功     

水稻(秀水11)再生系统的改进和转化(英文)

对水稻(秀水11)的再生了进行了改进,再生频率达到35%。利用该系统,我们进行了苯丙氨酸脱氨酸基因的转化,获得了再生植株。经PCR检测证实基因转化成功。     

小麦抗白粉病菌侵染乳突反应的超微结构与细胞化学(英文)

利用透射电镜对小麦白粉病菌与不同抗性寄主相互作用中乳突反应的超微结构进行了系统研究．结果表明,在超微结构上乳突反应是所有侵染位点的共有特征;线粒体、多聚核糖体、高尔基体及各种小囊泡参与了小麦乳突的形成;进入乳突沉积区的大量小囊泡首先形成一个个结构致密的小颗粒,然后堆积起来形成乳突的内部主体和核心,其外围是细胞器解体后沉积的一层染色淡而均匀的无定形物质．乳突沉积开始的早晚及其沉积速度和持续时间决定乳突最终的形态结构、大小及其抗性强弱．乳突抗性的决定因素是乳突沉积的早晚与速度,而不是最终沉积量．乳突抗性强的材料如ＫｈａｐｌｉｘＣｃ８总是在入侵栓进入前已形成较完整的半圆形乳突;而高感寄主如高加索的绝大部分乳突物质是在病菌入侵栓进入后沉积的,所形成的多是沿吸器颈部沉积的筒状无抗性乳突．病菌侵染时寄主细胞壁上过氧化物酶活性显著增强,但与乳突抗性无关     

小大麦整倍体杂种的形态和细胞遗传(英文)

通过染色体观察从{[Tritcum aestivum cv.中国春×Hordeum bulbosum]F_1×T.acstivumcv.中国春5B单体}BC_1F_1连续自交而获得的57个BC_1F_5和C_1F_6代杂林种系中筛选出13个整体杂种株系(2n=6x=42)(E_1-E_(13)).形态观察表明:它们在苗期、成熟期和穗部形态以及抽穗期、株高等方面有明显的差异,从而获得了一批具有矮秆、大穗、高蛋白含量、抗小麦黄花叶病等优良农艺性状的材料.这些材料有四种减数分裂染色体构型,即具有低频率和高频率的单价体,低频率和高频率的四价体。由此推断,这些株系所特有的性状是通过染色体置换(二体与单体)和染色体易位引入的,并且这种置换和易位涉及到球茎大麦的染色体.     

水牛子宫内膜腺上皮细胞和基质细胞的分离·培养和生物学特性研究(英文)

[Objective] The experiment aimed to set up a method for isolating and culturing endometrial stromal cells (BESC) and endometrial glandular epithelial cells(BEGEC) of buffalo as well as laid foundation for studying biological mechanism of embryo implantation and uterine diseases. [Method] The enzymatic digestion method, scraping method, serial filtration and differential velocity adherent technique were used to isolate BESC and BEGEC, then immunocytochemical method and TRYPAN-Blue assay were used to determine the purity and survival rate of isolated cells. [Result] The BESC and BEGEC were successfully isolated and cultured while immunocytochemical method and cell count method demonstrated that the purity was over 90%. The result of TRYPAN-Blue assay shown that survival rate of BESC and BEGEC was 91% and 78% respectively. [Conclusion] The enzymatic digestion method, scraping method, serial filtration and differential velocity adherent technique could isolate BESC and BEGEC with high purity.     

水杨酸及受体与植物细胞的信号传递

水杨酸（ＳＡ）是一种对植物细胞有广泛生量作用的激素。它是植物细胞内的天然免疫物质。当植物受病原体攻击时，水杨酸会大量增加，即迅速扩散到全株以保护植物。８０年代末，Ｒａｓｋｉｎ发现伏都百花在开花期间花和花序会产生大量的热，其温度要比周围的高出许多，这个过程也是由水杨酸介导的。本文综述了植物细胞内关于水杨酸的分子生物学研究的最新进展。Ｋｌｅｓｓｉｎｇ及Ｃｈｅｎ等发现植物细胞内的水杨酸受体就是过氧化氢酶     

超级稻Ⅱ优602植株对N素水平和配置方式的动态反应(英文)

[目的]研究超级稻Ⅱ优602植株对N素水平和配置方式的动态反应。[方法]试验以II优602为材料,分析不同施N量及配置方式下功能叶、叶鞘、茎秆全N含量的动态变化。[结果]不同N素水平下功能叶的最高全N含量出现的时期不同,其中A3水平下以复水期最高。齐穗期、成熟期植株各部位的全N含量均表现为施肥处理>CK,功能叶>叶鞘>茎秆,而不同处理下,植株不同部位的全N含量表现出明显的差异。Ⅱ优602在成都平原种植,适宜的施N水平和配置方式为:N素165kg/hm2,底肥:追肥=6:4。[结论]该研究为超级杂交稻的高产栽培提供N素调控的理论依据。     

雌二醇对体外培养绒山羊初级毛囊的影响(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study was to preliminarily explore the effects of estradiol on morphology and growth of cashmere goat primary hair follicles. [Method] Cashmere goat primary hair follicles were cultured in serum-free Williams E media supplemented with different doses of 17 β-E2 (0, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 100.0 nmol/L), and their growth rates and morphological changes were observed. [Result] The growth rate of 0.1 nmol/L 17 β-E2 group was quite comparable with that of the control group(0 nmol/L), but the 17 β-E2 with concentrations of 1.0, 10.0 and 100.0 nmol/L displayed different degrees of inhibition on the growth of hair follicles. Different morphological changes of hair follicles could also be discovered in different concentration treatments. [Conclusion] The study laid a certain foundation for exploring the regulation mechanism of estrogen on growth of cashmere goat hair follicles.     

不同培养条件对枸杞组培苗玻璃化的影响(英文)

The tender stems from new Lycium barbarum L. cultivar "Ningqi 3" released by Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences were regarded as explants to investigate the vitrification of Lycium barbarum plantlets in tissue culture under different concentrations of 6-BA,sucrose,agrose,culture temperature,and illumination duration with MS as basic medium. The results show that the conditions for maximal proliferation coefficient and minimal vitrification are as following: the basic medium with 0.2 mg/L 6-BA,3% sucrose and 0.65% agarose; culture at 25 ℃; 12 h/d(daylight lamp,2 000 lx) illumination.     

4℃平衡时间对PCK细胞低温保存的影响(英文)

主要阐述了在以二甲亚砜为抗冻剂,不同的4℃平衡时间对PCK细胞低温保存的影响。把第24代PCK细胞悬浮于含10％二甲亚砜(DMSO)的冻存保护液,置于4℃冰箱,按不同的时间间隔取出细胞,重新培养,用来研究不同的平衡时间对细胞的贴壁率及生长的影响。将19代PCK细胞,按40min、1h、2h三种不同的4℃平衡时间进行-700℃冻存,再以较低的细胞密度(2×10~4个/mL)复苏细胞,用以研究不同的平衡时间对细胞冻存的复苏率及形态学的影响。结果表明,较长时间放置在4℃,DMSO的毒副作用明显,不利于细胞的生长。同直接传代的细胞相比,放置24h以上明显影响细胞的贴壁率及单层形成时间。在PCK细胞的-70℃保存中,4℃下平衡40min,DMSO不能对细胞形成充分的保护,细胞碎片较多;平衡2h以上,DMSO有影响了细胞对低温伤害的抵御能力,同样不利于细胞的冻存;平衡1h,细胞复苏及生长情况最佳。     

温室加热系统中各种控制方法的模拟(英文)

模拟方法可用来研究控制规律和温室模型的工作动态特性.本文提供了一个基于实际温室加热系统的模型,以探求各种控制器的操作特性和主要的适宜参数值,此方法还可研制较为复杂的温度设定程序,以满足植物的需要和达到节能的目的.