合欢枯萎病的发生与防治

合欢树冠开阔，入夏绿荫清幽，粉红色绒花艳丽飘香，是北方夏季难得的少数观花树种之一。但近几年合欢枯萎病在青岛严重发生，苗圃、庭院、道路、绿地等合欢树木从干径2．5cm左右粗的幼树到大树均有不同程度的发病，大树年平均死亡率达24％，局部地区死亡率高达77．7％。经调查发现该病发病率居高不下的原因主要是对合欢枯萎病的症状认识不足，防治方法不及时不     

合欢枯萎病的发生与防治

一、病原 病原为尖孢镰刀菌的变型 二、危害症状 感染枯萎病的合欢幼苗发病表现猝倒，很快死亡。大树感病后，叶片萎蔫下垂，干枯脱落，枝条死亡。发病时由1-2个枝条开始干枯，然后发展到全株死亡。     

合欢枯萎病的发生与防治试验初报

根据合欢枯萎病在郑州市世纪游乐园的发病情况,经过3 a的观察研究,初步摸清合欢枯萎病在郑州地区的发病规律,提出了切合实际的综合防治措施,有效防止枯萎病的蔓延。     

合欢枯萎病的病症与防治措施探讨

指出了合欢枯萎病是由镰刀茵属的尖孢镰刀菌的一个变型引起的,其系统侵染全株感病,具有极强的致病性。结合近年来的生产经验就合欢枯萎病的发病症状、发病规律和防治方法进行了阐述,为供苗生产提供参考。     

合欢锈病的发病规律与防治研究

对合欢锈病的发病规律进行了调查研究,在5月上旬和7月底8月初,使用40%福美胂可湿性粉剂和50%甲基托布津可湿性粉剂进行涂干和喷雾防治,效果较好。     

合欢枯萎病的发生与防治

合欢树冠开阔,入夏绿荫清幽,粉红色绒花艳丽飘香,是北方夏季难得的观花树种之一.但近几年合欢枯萎病在青岛严重发生,苗圃、庭院、道路、绿地等所栽植的幼树到大树均有不同程度的发病,大树年平均死亡率达24%,局部地区死亡率高达77.7%.经调查发现该病发病率居高不下的原因主要是对合欢枯萎病的症状认识不足,防治方法不及时、不恰当所至.针对以上原因,我们自1999年起对合欢枯萎病进行调查研究,并采用不同的防治方法进行防治,使该病得到了有效控制.     

垂柳腐烂病的发生与防治

垂柳（Salix bsabylonica）属杨柳科树种，适应性强，生长迅速，树形优美，枝柔下垂，繁殖容易，是水乡、平原、低湿滩地的重要造林树种，也是防浪、护岸的水土保持树种和优良的园林绿化树种。但近几年由于垂柳腐烂病的危害，严重影响了垂柳的生长发育，降低了园林观赏及护堤防浪的作用。垂柳腐烂病，又称烂皮腐，病原菌为黑腐皮壳（Valsa Sordida）。是多种柳树杨树品系的重要病害之一。     

杀菌剂对合欢枯萎病菌的毒力测定

采用抑菌圈法和生长速率法对合欢枯萎病菌进行杀菌剂毒力测定的结果表明：多菌灵、根府咛、硫磺·多菌灵、福美双、代森锰锌等杀菌剂对合欢枯萎病菌有明显的抑菌效果;多菌灵、根府咛、硫磺·多菌灵的抑菌效果较好,可望应用于合欢枯萎病的大田防治试验。     

香荚兰根腐病主要病原的生防因子作用比较

尖镰孢香荚兰专化型是香荚兰根腐病的主要病原。本实验用木霉,枯草芽孢杆菌,荧光假单孢菌对尖镰孢菌香荚兰专化型进行实验室的拮抗作用测定,并进行了比较。结果表明:木霉对尖镰孢香荚兰专化型的的抑制作用最强,抑制率可达78.57%,枯草芽孢杆菌对尖镰孢香荚兰专化型的的抑制作用较强,抑制率可达78.12%,而荧光假单孢菌Ph002对该菌抑制效果则很弱,最高才有39.13%。总之,三种生防菌的抑制效果是:木霉>枯草芽孢杆菌>荧光假单孢菌。     

Pathogenicity of Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium oxysporum on Pinus nigra seedlings in northwest Spain

Fusarium verticillioides may be responsible for causing significant damping-off damage similar to that incited by F. oxysporum on forest seedlings, resulting in considerable losses in nurseries in northwest of Spain. Traditionally, F. oxysporum has been considered the most important agent of this disease in Spanish forest nurseries. However, recent studies have showed that F. verticillioides also has been frequently isolated from diseased plants. This has increased the necessity for a more comprehensive knowledge of the behaviour and pathogenicity of both Fusarium spp. isolated from these sites. The effect of Fusarium spp. on seed germination and on seedling mortality was analysed by inoculating the fungus at seeding. The in vitro growth of the two species was studied and is discussed in relation to in vivo virulence. Both species caused a reduction in seed germination and an increase in seedling mortality. Mortality caused by F. verticillioides treatments occurred sooner than that for F. oxysporum and the growth rate of F. verticillioides was also greater.     

Efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum as a biological control of Fusarium oxysporum in container-grown Douglas-fir seedlings

Inoculating a soilless medium with encapsulated Trichoderma harzianum did not affect any aspect of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca [Beissn.] Franco) seed germination or subsequent growth. Results of inoculating medium with a known pathogenic isolate of Fusarium oxysporum alone, or concurrently with T. harzianum, were the same: high levels of damping-off, low amounts of hypocotyl and root disease in midsummer, and significant reductions in height growth. When seedling roots grew through T. harzianum-inoculated medium before growing into a mixture of T. harzianum-F. oxysporum-inoculated medium, mortality was reduced about 50%. Although contamination by resident Fusarium occurred, subsequent root colonization was significantly reduced in T. harzianum-amended growing medium.     

苏铁镰刀菌球茎腐烂病化学防治技术研究

林间调查结果表明：德葆苏铁Cycas debaoensis、四川苏铁C.szechuanensis、十万大山苏铁C.shiwandashanica为苏铁镰刀菌Fusarium solani球茎腐烂病易发病种类;海南苏铁C.hannanensis、元江苏铁C.parvulus和叉叶苏铁C.micholitzii是中等感病品种;越南苏铁C.tonkinensis、贵州苏铁C.guizhouensis、叉孢苏铁C.segmentifida、攀枝花苏铁C.panzhihuaensis、仙湖苏铁C.fairylakea、石山苏铁C.miquelii、单羽苏铁C.simplicipinna、多羽苏铁C.mutltiflrondis为较抗病品种;苏铁C.revoluta和鳞秕苏铁Zamia purouracea是高度抗病品种.在空气干燥的月份,以切除病部＋75%酒精表面消毒＋涂上含有杀虫剂的50%多菌灵WP处理最好,防治效果100%.在雨水多的月份,以切除病部＋75%酒精表面消毒＋涂上含有杀虫剂的50%多菌灵粉剂＋透光防雨罩处理最好,防治效果83.3%.在化学防治过程中,关键要做到病部切除彻底、表面消毒彻底、防治用的药剂充足,避免后期新伤口产生,才能有效地治疗发病苏铁.     

Resistance of Dalbergia sissoo to Fusarium solani f.sp. dalbergiae

Large‐scale dieback of Dalbergia sissoo trees in India and neighbouring countries is causing concern to the state forest departments and farmers as trees of all age group are dying. Fusarium solani f.sp. dalbergiae, isolated from the roots of dying trees and from the oozing pitch on stems, was tested for pathogenicity. Seeds were collected from 107 mature healthy trees, from 21 heavily infected localities in the country. As many seed failed to germinate, resistance testing was carried out on a limited number of provenances. Seedlings were tested for disease resistance by soil drenching and root‐dip methods using spore suspensions of F. solani f.sp. dalbergiae. On the basis of seedling survival, provenances were classified into four susceptibility classes; seedlings from Amritsar (Punjab) showed maximum survival and were considered very resistant, whereas Dehra (Kangra), Himachal Pradesh, were the most susceptible. F. solani f.sp. dalbergiae from Nihal Gate (Haldwani), Uttarakhand, was the most virulent isolate amongst the three tested.     

The identification and pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum causing acacia seedling wilt disease

Wilt disease with unknown etiology causes mass mortality in commercial Acacia mangium nurseries in South Sumatra. This pathogen induces symptoms of chlorosis in...     

Morphological and molecular characterization of Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium avenaceum causing a novel needle blight of Picea asperata in China

Picea asperata is a unique tree species in China. It has important economic and ecological values. In this study, the disease symptoms resembling needle blight, a new disease of P. asperata (10- to 15-year-old), were detected in a forest area in Tianshui City, Gansu Province, China, in August 2020. Affected needles turned yellow, the colour became darker at the junction of infected and healthy areas, the needles wilted and even fell off the tree. Through pathogenicity tests, the two pure fungi strains isolated from diseased needles caused distinct needle blight symptoms on P. asperata, with symptoms similar to those observed in the forest. It was observed that they had sickle-shaped conidia. Subsequently, multilocus phylogenetic analysis of partial sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF-1α) and RNA polymerase II second major subunit (RPB2) genes was performed. They were found closely clustered with Fusarium oxysporum and F. avenaceum, respectively. Based on morphological and molecular biological determinations, the two pathogens were identified as F. oxysporum and F. avenaceum. To our knowledge, this is the first report of needle blight caused by F. oxysporum and F. avenaceum on P. asperata in China.     

香荚兰镰刀菌根腐病药剂毒力测定及幼根接种防治试验

在ＰＤＡ含毒介质上的试验表明,苯莱特（５０％ＷＰ）、多菌灵（５０％ＷＰ）、甲基托布津（７０％ＷＰ）抑菌效果最好,稀释３０万倍的药液对尖孢镰刀菌抑菌率分别为１００％、９１．９％、６７．９％,而粉锈灵（１５％ＷＰ）３０００倍液,抑菌率仅为７０．１％;苯莱特、粉锈灵１５００倍液对腐皮镰刀菌抑菌率仅为９４．４％和１４．０％。苯莱特和粉锈灵对尖孢镰刀菌的抑菌效果明显高于腐皮镰刀菌。抑菌圈法试验,多菌灵、苯莱特５００～１０００倍液对腐皮菌的防效又优于尖孢镰刀菌,而粉锈灵对２种镰刀菌均不产生抑菌圈。香荚兰幼根接种药效试验,粉锈灵对尖孢镰刀菌防效最好（５６．６％）,多菌灵、甲基托布津次之（５１．６％、５０．９％）,而苯莱特较差（４０．４％）。粉锈灵１０００倍液浸泡１ｈ和盆栽施药,均对香荚兰幼根产生药害。     

金镶玉竹引种栽培技术

介绍了金镶玉竹的引种和丰产栽培技术,包括栽培地选择及整地、栽植季节、母竹选择与采挖、栽植、管理、病虫害防治等方面内容,并从中总结出引种丰产栽培金镶玉竹的关键环节和技术要点,以期为竹子引种工作者提供参考。