不同粳稻品种(系)机插稻生态适应性生产力试验报告

2012年高邮市选择广适性好、综合性状优良的粳稻品种(系),进行机插稻生态适应性生产力比较试验,分析不同品种生长特性、产量水平等综合性状,结果表明:南粳49、武运粳27、武运粳24产量较高,可扩大示范种植;扬粳4227、南粳5055熟期偏迟,有一定的种植局限性;     

淮河下游稻区机插粳稻新品种比较试验研究

通过不同粳稻品种机插种植比较试验研究,结果表明,圣稻16、新稻21全生育期140 d,早熟;宁9213、武运粳24全生育期161 d,偏迟熟;其余品种全生育期为151～154 d,适中;武运粳24、连粳9号、新稻18、南粳9108、武运粳27实收产量均在700 kg/667 m2以上,产量较高,其它品种产量在680.6～697.8 kg/667 m2,差异较小。从产量、生育期和抗性等方面综合分析,武运粳27、中稻1号、淮稻5号、南粳9108、连粳9号适合在淮河下游稻区大面积推广种植,其余品种尚需扩大示范或再示范。     

泰兴市2015年水稻新品种适应性研究

探索水稻11个新品种在泰兴市的生育期、植株性状、抗灾性能、产量表现.结果表明武运粳30号、武运粳31号表现抗倒性、抗病性比较突出,产量较高,但成熟期较迟,生育期较长,可作为机插秧的地区搭配种植品种,适当提前播种,不宜直播水稻.南粳52、盐粳13号综合表现熟期适中,产量相对较稳,可进一步扩大示范种植.武运粳24号、扬育粳2号、扬农稻1号综合表现出色,熟期适中,可作为泰兴市推广品种.     

优质早熟晚粳水稻新品种比较试验

为进一步提高水稻产量水平,邗江区2013年引进6个优质早熟晚粳水稻品种(系)进行示范种植,对6个品种(系)的农艺性状、产量及其构成因素等方面进行比较。结果表明:扬粳806、武运粳23号综合性状较好,产量较高,具有推广价值。     

响水县粳稻新品种(系)对比试验总结

为探索和研究不同粳稻品种的特征和特性,筛选出适合响水县自然生态条件种植的水稻新品种,选择13个粳稻新品种(系)进行对比试验。结果表明:连粳7号、连粳6号和宁粳4号特征特性、产量表现均比较好,目前在响水县大面积种植综合表现也比较好;新稻25和连粳9号在本试验中产量表现较好,但其特征特性与产量水平年度间的差异性有待于进一步试验示范。     

优质食味粳米品种筛选试验报告

开展了6个优质食味粳稻品种生育特性、产量及品质比较研究。结果表明,参试各品种较适应当地土壤、气候条件,全生育期在137~150 d,在淮安种植能够正常成熟。综合各品种展示结果,淮安及相似生态条件地区种植优质食味粳米品种以南粳2728和南粳9108为主,其中南粳2728全生育期适中,适合作为机插秧品种种植,南粳9108生育期偏长,建议采用手栽或钵苗机插秧。     

高产优质多抗松辽122品种育成技术创新与应用

水稻品种松辽122是公主岭市松辽农业科学研究所北方早粳晚熟品种选育技术课题组育成的产量高、品质佳兼具多抗、适广综合性状优异的品种。2 a区域试验平均产量622.7 kg/667 m~2,比对照(CK)品种吉玉粳增产2.0%,1 a生产试验平均产量603 kg/667 m~2,比对照(CK)品种吉玉粳增产12.6%。吉林省引种备案,在中熟稻区种植,2 a试验平均产量625.6 kg/667 m~2,比对照品种吉玉粳增产6.3%。品质达到国标优质米2级,适应性广,在北方稻区早粳晚熟生态区域,需≥10℃活动积温2 700℃左右均可种植。     

不同粳稻品种(系)机插稻生态适应性生产力试验报告

选择参加2012年与2013年江苏省生产试验的粳稻品系,进行机插稻生态适应性生产力试验,分析不同品种生长特性、综合性状等,结果表明:南粳9108、武运粳24、淮稻14号、盐丰2号产量及综合性状优良,较适合高邮地区种植。     

水稻新品种龙粳4311的选育

龙粳4311是黑龙江省农业科学院水稻研究所以龙粳48为母本、空育131为父本,经有性杂交,系谱法选育而成。该品种区域试验平均产量8 626.8 kg/hm²,较对照品种龙粳46增产8.1%;生产试验平均产量9 403.8 kg/hm²,较对照品种龙粳46增产9.5%。龙粳4311具有熟期早、产量高、米质优、综合抗性强、适应性广等特点,2022年通过黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定,适宜在黑龙江省第三积温带种植。     

仙居县杨丰山优质稻米品种比较研究

为筛选出适合仙居杨丰山地区种植的优质高产水稻品种,笔者引进了11个杂交籼稻品种和3个籼粳交品种,在杨丰山村开展了品种比较试验,综合考察品种的产量、生育期和抗逆性。结果表明,中64优华占产量优势明显、综合性状表现较好,可作为当地大面积种植的备选品种;桃优香占的米质特优、产量适中,可用于高档稻米的订单生产。     

Factors in the Reduction in Grain Number in Winter Wheat by Early-Sowing in Yamaguchi

Abstract

Grain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike.     

Allelopathy in Agroecosystems in Spain

Summary

This paper reviews the effects of allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems in Spain on plant physiological activity and their ecological advantages. The phenological stage of growth of donor plants and the effective allelochemicals in the soil solution while studying the role of phenolic compounds were highlighting. Finally possible future prospects and conclusions regarding weed control by allelochemi-cals under integrated crop management strategies are discussed.     

2009年中国稻米市场分析及2010年展望

以翔实的资料对2009年中国稻米生产、消费、进出口、供求平衡、库存、价格走势、购销政策和国际稻米供求等情况进行了全面地分析,对影响2010年稻米市场价格走势的各种因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对2010年我国稻米市场价格走势进行了预测,结论是我国稻米价格仍呈上行趋势。     

Advances in Variable Rate Technology Application in Potato in The Netherlands

Precision agriculture is a farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. In this paper, we focus on responding to intra-field variability in potato crops and analyse variable rate applications (VRAs). We made an overview of potential VRAs in potato crop management in The Netherlands. We identified 13 potential VRAs in potato, ranging from soil tillage to planting to crop care to selective harvest. We ranked them on availability of ‘proof of concept’ and on-farm test results. For five VRAs, we found test results allowing to make a cost-benefit assessment. These five VRAs were as follows: planting, soil herbicide weed control, N side dress, late blight control and haulm killing. They use one of two types of spatial data: soil maps or biomass index maps. Data on costs and savings of the VRAs showed that the investments in VRAs will pay off under practical conditions in The Netherlands. Savings on pesticide use and N-fertilizer use with the VRAs were on average about 25%, which benefits the environment too. We foresee a slow but gradual adoption of VRAs in potato production. More VRAs will become available given ongoing R&D. The perspectives of VRAs in potatoes are discussed.     

我国高粱育种研究进展

对我国高粱育种的主要途径和研究方向进行了概述,针对目前高粱产量徘徊现象,提出了高粱超高产育种设想,并对其技术路线进行了探讨。     

Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate in potato in two environments

Summary Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate were measured in a furrow-irrigated potato crop and in a riverbed crop where the water table was always maintained at 20–28 cm from the soil surface. In the irrigated crop, the photosynthetic rate during mid-afternoon was about half the peak rate observed at noon. This reduction was accompanied by a near tripling of stomatal resistance, a 45% reduction in transpiration, and a 5-fold increase in the difference between leaf and air temperatures. No such changes were observed in the riverbed crop where the photosynthetic rate remained nearly constant at about 0.9 mg m⁻² s⁻¹ between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuber yield in the riverbed crop was about 30% higher than in the irrigated crop.     

我国干热区甘蔗抗旱植蔗主要问题研讨

我国干热蔗区是我国甘蔗糖业的重要生产基地,蔗区光热资源丰富,唯降水分布不均成为植蔗生产的主要限制因子;根据蔗区植蔗特点和甘蔗需水规律,苗期抗旱是干热蔗区抗旱植蔗的关键,保证较多的总苗数和足够的生长量是苗期抗旱植蔗需解决的关键技术难题,制定相应的苗期抗旱植蔗栽培技术措施是解决该难题的重要保障;该观点为我国干热蔗区植蔗生产、甘蔗引育种提供理论和技术支持。     

棉花体细胞无性系变异的研究进展

体细胞无性系变异是一种重要的细胞工程育种技术,其应用于棉花育种的前提是建立高效的组织培养诱导再生植株体系.本文简要综述了棉花离体诱导植株再生研究的现状,重点讨论了棉花体细胞无性系变异的表现、利用方法及机理,提出了当前研究存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望.