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南疆棉区转Bt基因棉对棉铃虫抗性表达及对节肢动物的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
2000-2001年在新疆喀什叶城县研究了转Bt基因棉MD-80不同发育阶段对棉铃虫的抗性表达和棉田节肢动物群落。结果表明:1)转Bt基因棉棉叶对棉铃虫初孵幼虫有2个抗性高峰期5月中下旬和7月底,抗虫性分别为94.5%和83.3%,8月份抗性最低(22.7%),而河南的研究表明8月份正是第2个抗性高峰,抗虫效果高达93.8%;2)7月上旬棉株不同器官抗棉铃虫的强弱依次为:棉苞叶(96.7%),棉蕾(74.2%),花瓣(60%),棉叶(50.2%),棉铃(30%),花蕊(26.8%);3)转Bt基因棉对不同龄期棉铃虫抗性随着龄期的增大而降低;4)节肢动物群落多样性,均匀度顺序依次为普通棉对照田(不进行任何防治,0.7706和0.1883),Bt棉药防田(使用化学农药防治害虫,0.3968和0.0931),Bt棉自控田(仅依靠自然天敌控制害虫,0.2211和0.0549),优势集中性依次为Bt棉自控田(0.9264),Bt棉药防田(0.8625),普通棉对照田(0.6881),表明普通棉对棉田的节肢动物群落最稳定,Bt棉药防田次之,Bt棉田自控田最差。 相似文献
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用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶圆胶圆盘电泳法,对摩拉、尼里和三品系杂交种的水牛奶ALP及LDH同工酶进行了研究。结果表明:三种水牛奶ALP及LDH都有三种同工酶,只有ALP3和LDH1出现的比较为100%,其余的均小于100%。ALP同工酶相对总活力在种间及尼里内与产奶量呈正相关趋势,而在三品杂和摩拉内则相反。 相似文献
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【目的】通过研究棉铃虫核型多角体病毒(HearNPV)感染宿主昆虫后对宿主中肠碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性与基因表达水平的影响,明确病毒在侵染宿主过程中对宿主昆虫中肠ALP的调控机理。【方法】采用不同剂量的HearNPV感染3龄棉铃虫,测定感染后不同时间昆虫中肠ALP酶活性及其编码基因表达水平,分析病毒感染试虫与未感染健康试虫的ALP活性和编码基因表达水平上的差异。【结果】HearNPV感染后,能够显著抑制ALP的活性,且抑制作用与感染病毒的剂量和感染后时间的增加呈正相关。ALP活性的下降与病毒下调其编码基因ALP的表达水平有关。【结论】HearNPV感染其宿主昆虫的过程中导致宿主ALP活性显著下降,该过程可能协助病毒粒子侵染宿主。病毒对ALP活性的抑制作用机理之一是下调了ALP编码基因的表达水平。 相似文献
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僵蚕提取物对棉铃虫有胃毒作用,对饲毒后不同时间棉铃虫3龄幼虫体内碱性磷酸酶的活性进行了研究。结果表明,在3龄棉铃虫人工饲料中添加僵蚕提取物浓度为3mg·g-1时,饲毒第3天试虫的校正死亡率为66.73%;5mg·g-1的剂量导致试虫死亡率可以高达83.33%,表明僵蚕提取物对棉铃虫具有很强的胃毒作用。试虫碱性磷酸酶活性分析表明,1~5mg·g-1浓度处理组的试虫碱性磷酸酶活性与对照组相比均显著下降,并有明显的剂量相关性。推测僵蚕对棉铃虫幼虫的毒杀作用机制之一与其对碱性磷酸酶活性的抑制有关。 相似文献
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【目的】 研究棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera)中肠蛋白ABCC1(HaABCC1)与Cry1Ac的结合特性及对Cry1Ac毒力的影响,明确HaABCC1在Cry1Ac杀虫机制中的作用。【方法】 分析HaABCC1基因序列,设计引物,通过原核表达得到HaABCC1两个跨膜区片段的蛋白,与Cry1Ac进行Ligand blot试验,验证其与Cry1Ac的体外结合特性;利用RNAi技术干扰棉铃虫幼虫的HaABCC1,在3龄幼虫腹部注射siABCC1,比较HaABCC1的表达量及Cry1Ac处理后棉铃虫死亡率的变化;通过细胞转染将ABCC1导入Sf9细胞系中,确定pAc-ABCC1重组质粒转入Sf9细胞后,用细胞生物测定的方法比较Cry1Ac处理后细胞死亡率的变化;比较敏感品系(96S)和Cry1Ac抗性品系(BtR)棉铃虫的HaABCC1基因全长序列,并通过荧光定量RT-PCR检测HaABCC1在抗、感棉铃虫中的表达量。【结果】 HaABCC1跨膜区TMD1和TMD2在Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中成功表达,两个HaABCC1跨膜区片段蛋白均能与活化的Cry1Ac在体外结合;棉铃虫注射siABCC1后,HaABCC1的表达量显著下降,与未注射的棉铃虫、注射DEPC水和siEGFP的棉铃虫相比,用活化的Cry1Ac蛋白处理HaABCC1被干扰的棉铃虫,其幼虫死亡率显著降低,表明棉铃虫幼虫的HaABCC1被干扰后,能显著降低Cry1Ac对棉铃虫的毒力;用活化的Cry1Ac蛋白处理成功转入HaABCC1的Sf9细胞,与对照Sf9细胞相比,细胞的死亡率明显上升,表明将HaABCC1导入Sf9后能显著提高Cry1Ac处理后的细胞死亡率;抗性品系(BtR)与敏感品系(96S)棉铃虫的HaABCC1氨基酸序列没有差别,但抗性品系BtR棉铃虫HaABCC1的表达量显著降低。【结论】 HaABCC1是Cry1Ac的特异性结合蛋白,可能是Cry1Ac的功能受体蛋白,并可能参与对Cry1Ac的抗性机制。 相似文献
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新疆棉区棉铃虫对Bt毒蛋白(Cry1Ac蛋白)敏感基线的测定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]测定新疆棉区棉铃虫对Bt毒蛋白(Cry1Ac蛋白)的敏感基线.[方法]实验采用梯度浓度测定法对新疆8个主要常规棉区的棉铃虫进行敏感性测定.[结果]测得新疆棉区棉铃虫对Bt毒蛋白(Cry1Ac)的敏感基线:平均致死中浓度(LC50)为0.033 μg/mL,范围为0.022~0.048 μg/mL.LC90的值为0.899 μg/mL,范围为0.526~1.333 μg/mL.抗性识别浓度LC99的值为1.020 μg/mL.采集的所有种群都对Bt毒蛋白(Cry1Ac)具有高度的敏感性.95;置信区间方差分析表明,新疆主要常规棉区棉铃虫对Bt毒蛋白(Cry1Ac)的敏感度差异不显著.[结论]实验所得到的数据可作为今后新疆棉区棉铃虫抗性监测的基准. 相似文献
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对久效磷抗性棉铃虫品系的选育及其乙酰胆碱酯酶的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
用久效磷对采集于山东聊城抗性地区的棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera (Huebner)进行抗性品系选育,经过10代的室内选育,抗性倍数达211.88倍,为选育前的6.67倍,发现筛选后对氰戊菊酯,氯氰菊酯和灭多威的抗生分别下降了8.13,7.44和13.36倍,对甲基对硫磷和辛硫酸的抗性基本保持不变,这说明久效磷与其他5种被试药剂之间没有明显的交互抗性,还对抗,感棉铃虫体内AChE进行了研究,对久效磷抑制粗酶液的实验表明,抗性品系锦铃虫体内AChE的交互抗笥,还原抗,感棉铃虫体内AChE进行研究,对久效磷抑制粗酶液的实验表明,抗性品系棉铃虫体内AChE的I50是敏感品系的3.18倍,酶液纯化使抗,感品系AChE的I50分别下降6.69和3.49倍,说明粗提液中存在AChE保护因子,且这种保护因子在抗性品系中更有效,但纯化后,抗,感品系的AChE敏感性之间仍存在1.66倍的差异,此外,两品系AChE的动力学参数也存在显差异,由此认为AChE敏感性降低与其它因子共同组成了棉铃虫对久效磷的抗性机制。 相似文献
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Carbohydrate chains are the principal antigens by which Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) identify receptor proteins. The interaction between the antigen and Bt causes a pore in the membrane of midgut epithelial cells of insects. Receptor proteins, such as aminopeptidase N and alkaline phosphatase, are glycoproteins. Cadherin is another cell surface receptor protein which has potential glycosylation sites. Glycosyltransferase is very important for the synthesis and modification of receptor proteins. It can indirectly influence the function of Bt. The 1 950 bp full-length c DNA encoding β-1,3-galactosyltransferase was cloned from the the midgut of Helicoverpa armigera by degenerative PCR combined with RACE techniques(GAL-Harm, Gen Bank accession no.: GQ904195.1) with two potential N-glycosylation sites(157NNTI160 and 272NKTL275). Protein sequence alignments revealed that H. armigera β-1,3-galactosyltransferase shared high identity with β-1,3-galactosyltransferase in other insect species. The expression level of the β-1,3-galactosyltransferase gene in Cry1Ac-resistant H. armigera larvae was 9.2-fold higher than that in susceptible strain. The function of β-1,3-galactosyltransferase was investigated using RNAi technique. The result showed Cry1 Ac enhanced the toxicity against the si RNA-treated larvae compared with non-si RNA-treated ones, which indicated β-1,3-galactosyltransferase played an important role for the insecticidal toxicity of Cry1 Ac in H. armigera. 相似文献
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研究了转Bt基因棉对棉铃虫的田间抗性效果。结果表明:转Bt基因棉GK田、综防田、化防田各代棉铃虫幼虫残虫量比对照田减少81.82%~100.00%,差异极显著。棉花各器官的被害率均明显降低,与对照田相比,2代棉铃虫发生期棉蕾、棉叶被害率减少92.30%~100.00%,差异极显著,3,4代棉铃虫发生期成铃、幼铃、蕾、花被害率减少35.43%~100.00%,差异显著、极显著。田间转Bt基因棉对棉铃虫抗性为2代>4代>3代。但3,4代棉铃虫发生期田间幼虫残留量增加,棉花各器官被害率增大,因此还需适时防治棉铃虫。 相似文献
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【目的】克隆及序列分析棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera)α-微管蛋白基因的cDNA序列,并检测棉铃虫α、β两种微管蛋白基因的表达情况。【方法】以棉铃虫3龄幼虫为试验材料,采用RT-PCR及RACE技术克隆棉铃虫α-微管蛋白基因(HeTubA),采用荧光定量PCR(QRT-PCR)技术分析棉铃虫α、β-微管蛋白基因在不同生长发育阶段及成虫器官中的表达模式。【结果】克隆得到棉铃虫α-微管蛋白基因(GenBank登录号为JQ069957)。序列分析表明,HeTubA开放阅读框1 353 bp,编码450个氨基酸组成的多肽,氨基酸序列包含多个α-微管蛋白保守区。与其它一些昆虫的一致性分析表明,HeTubA与八字地老虎(Xestia c-nigrum)、柑橘凤蝶(Papilio xuthus)及家蚕(Bombyx mori)的α-微管蛋白氨基酸序列同源性最高,α-微管蛋白基因在长期进化中非常保守。荧光定量PCR表明,棉铃虫α、β-微管蛋白基因不具有生长发育阶段及成虫器官特异性,且二者均在复眼表达高,腹部表达低;HeTubA在末龄幼虫期和蛹期高水平表达,HeTubB在末龄幼虫期和成虫期高水平表达。【结论】成功克隆了棉铃虫α-微管蛋白基因,对2种微管蛋白基因的表达模式进行了检测,进一步进行了蛋白质3D结构的构建,可用于深入研究2种微管蛋白基因的功能及开发新型杀虫剂。 相似文献
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The sensitivity of a susceptible and two resistant strains of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, to phoxim, malathion and methomyl was determined by a topical application of bioassay method. YG strain, collected from field of Yanggu,Shandong Province of China, possessed 7-, 13- and 20-fold of resistance to the above three antiacetylcholinesterases based on the comparison of LD50 values with a laboratory susceptible strain. There were not significant difference of the specific activity and the Vmax value among the three strains. But the affinity of AChE to acetylthiocholine (ATCh), in YG strain was the lowest among the three strains tested. A eDNA encoding partial AChE gene was cloned from the three strains by RT-PCR and there was one nucleotide acid difference between YG strain and other two strains which resulted in no amino acid mutation. This partial AChE gene was used as a probe to perform Southern blot. The results indicated that there was no gene amplification in resistant cotton bollworm. Altered AChE with a decreased sensitivity to inhibitors appeared to be one of important resistance mechanisms in cotton bollworm against OP and carbamate compounds. 相似文献
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The Bacillus thuringiensis vegetative insecticidal protein, Vip3 A, represents a new family of Bt toxin and is currently applied to commercial transgenic cotton. To determine whether the Cry1Ac-resistant Helicoverpa armigera is cross-resistant to Vip3 Aa protein, insecticidal activities, proteolytic activations and binding properties of Vip3 Aa toxin were investigated using Cry1Ac-susceptible(96S) and Cry1Ac-resistant H. armigera strain(Cry1Ac-R). The toxicity of Vip3 Aa in Cry1Ac-R slightly reduced compared with 96 S, the resistance ratio was only 1.7-fold. The digestion rate of full-length Vip3 Aa by gut juice extracts from 96 S was little faster than that from Cry1Ac-R. Surface plasmon resonance(SPR) showed there was no significant difference between the binding affinity of Vip3 Aa and BBMVs between 96 S and Cry1Ac-R strains, and there was no significant competitive binding between Vip3 Aa and Cry1 Ac in susceptible or resistant strains. So there had little cross-resistance between Vip3 Aa and Cry1 Ac,Vip3A+Cry proteins maybe the suitable pyramid strategy to control H. armigera in China in the future. 相似文献