低温处理对豇豆幼苗生长的POD,COD,ATPase同工酶的影响

在０－１℃低温处理豇豆幼苗时幼苗生长明显受抑，检查根系和胚轴中的ＰＯＤ、ＣＯＤ、ＡＴＰａｓｅ同工酶，发现谱带减少。低温对豇豆幼苗生长的伤害与幼苗组成内三种酶同工酶的变化呈明显的相关性。上述三种酶同工酶可以作为一咱生化指标用于检测植物幼苗的受寒状况。     

低温处理对甜瓜,扁豆幼苗生长及同工酶的影响

0～4℃低温处理华兰氏甜瓜幼苗后,生长受抑,并在低温处理至第8天死亡;低温对扁豆幼苗生长虽也有明显影响,但幼苗生长尚未停止,只是变慢,在低温处理第24天死亡.检测华兰氏和扁豆幼苗期三种组织内ATPasc、COD和POD同工酶发现,华兰氏幼苗组织中三种酶的同工酶均产生变化,而扁豆中只有POD有谱带减少或活性变弱的现象.这一结果表明,华兰氏和扁豆两种作物幼苗生长受抑与其组织内同工酶的变化存在一定相关性.     

萌动种子处理提高黄瓜幼苗的抗冷性

根据植物抗逆性交叉适应现象，试图通过对萌动种子进行低温，干旱处理来提高幼苗的抗冷性，并研究了３种种子处理对幼苗产生的影响。低变温，自然脱水和ＰＥＧ脱水３种种子处理都提高了黄瓜幼苗的抗冷性，提高了叶片ＳＯＤ酶和过氧化物酶的活性，但没出现新的同工酶带。种子处理的还提高了叶片中叶绿素总含量和叶绿素Ａ的含量，使植物生长趋势增强，地上部的鲜，干重及壮苗指标均得到明显提高。。     

提高黄瓜幼苗抗冷性研究

研究低温，干旱锻炼和外喷ＡＢＡ对黄瓜幼苗的生理影响，初步探讨交叉适应现象的。结果表明，三种处理均提高了黄瓜幼苗的抗冷性和脱落酸含量，体内ＡＢＡ含量与幼苗抗冷力呈极显著正相关，低温锻炼不仅提高了过氧化物酶活，耐用出现了一条新的同工酶带。这条酶带是在处理前细胞内已存在的ｍＲＮＡ上翻译而来，在锻炼过程中喷施５ＦＵ和ＤＤＴＣ均降低了幼苗处理的效果。低温、干旱锻炼不但影响了体内激素的平衡，提高了细胞内渗透调     

低温对杂交一代黄瓜幼苗生理特性的影响

对四个黄瓜亲本及其杂交一代（Ｆ１）的生理特性试验研究表明，Ｆ１的相对电导值与双亲的相对电导值呈正相关关系。ＭＤＡ含量在低温处理４８ｈ后上升，７２ｈ后下降，较耐低温亲本的Ｆ１的ＭＤＡ含量低于双亲平均值，不耐低温亲本的Ｆ１的ＭＤＡ含量高于双亲的平均值。２低温处理７２ｈ后ＣＡＴ酶活性下降。ＰＯＤ酶活性上升；ＰＯＤ酶同工酶分析表明，低温处理后酶带数增加，耐低温的Ｆ１酶带增加较多。     

棉花不同生育期SOD同工酶与品种抗黄萎病性相关性的研究

凝胶电泳测定不同棉花品种子叶期、４叶期、蕾期、铃期、吐絮期等５个不同生育期的叶片内ＳＯＤ同工酶,结果其谱带数目相应为４、８、８、４、３,随着棉花的生育进程,ＳＯＤ同工酶活性由弱一强一弱。在棉花生长前期子叶期、４叶期,抗、感黄萎病品种之间,接菌与不接菌棉株间,ＳＯＤ同工酶谱活性差异不明显;在蕾期,虽然品种间的ＳＯＤ同工酶谱活性差异不明显,但接菌的棉株Ｅ１、Ｅ５、Ｅ６三条酶带活性强于不接菌棉株,Ｅ３活性则相反;在铃期,抗、耐品种较感病品种Ｅ２谱带活性强,接菌棉株较不接菌棉株增加一条Ｅ３ｂ谱带。感病品种泗棉２号上显症棉株叶片体内ＳＯＤ同工酶较无病症叶增加一条Ｅ４酶带;不同病级的叶片内,ＳＯＤ同工酶的活性差异不大。至吐絮期,不同品种棉株及显症叶与无病叶间的ＳＯＤ酶活性又趋相同。     

水杨酸预处理对提高黄瓜幼苗耐低温能力的影响

观察了经水杨酸（ＳＡ）预处理的黄瓜幼苗对低温胁迫的反应,结果表明,ＳＡ预处理２明显增强了黄瓜幼苗的耐低温能力。萎蔫率、死亡率明显下降,幼苗的ＭＤＡ含量略有增加,Ｏ２^-含量下降;ＰＯＤ、ＳＯＤ活性上升,ＣＡＴ活性下降。黄瓜幼苗在低温胁迫过程中,经ＳＡ预处理的幼苗较未预处理幼苗ＭＤＡ含量增加减少,Ｏ２^含量上升延迟,ＰＯＤ、ＣＡＴ、ＳＯＤ活性均比未进行ＳＡ预处理的幼苗活性高。试验表明,保持较高的膜保护酶活性是ＳＡ提高黄瓜幼苗耐温能力的基础。     

小麦质不育系及其保持系花药中SOD同工酶和脂质过氧化作用初步研究

对小麦Ｔ型和Ｐ型细胞质雄性不育系及保持系花药中ＳＯＤ活性、ＳＯＤ同工酶及脂质过氧化作用的研究结果表明，单核期不育系花药中的ＳＯＤ活性比保持系略低，ＳＯＤ同工酶带数与保持系相同。到二核期和三核期不育系花药中缺少一条ＳＯＤ同工酶带，ＳＯＤ活性也比保持系明显降低。不育系花药在三个发育时期的ＭＤＡ含量均明显高于保持系。同时发现在三核期不育系旗叶减少一条ＳＯＤ同工酶带。体内活性氧清除能力降低及脂质过氧化用加     

水分胁迫与玉米SOD同工酶

水分胁迫与玉米ＳＯＤ同工酶ＷａｔｅｒＳｔｒｅｓａｎｄＳＯＤＩｓｏｅｎｚｙｍｅｉｎＭａｉｚｅＳｅｄｌｉｎｇｓ许多研究表明，植物的膜保护酶系统与植物的抗性有密切的关系，其中的ＳＯＤ酶作为清除活性氧的第一个关键酶尤为重要。但关于ＳＯＤ同工酶与玉米水分胁迫之...     

不同剂量~(60)Co-γ射线对小麦、水稻幼苗生长的影响

用10—30KR剂量~(60)CO—γ射线处理小麦中引15、St和水稻沪B干种子、幼苗生长期胚根、子叶发育受到明显抑制.对幼苗生长的影响后期(萌发5天后)比早期(开始萌发至萌发第5天)明显,芽鞘的发育对γ射线不敏感.过氧化物酶同工酶的分析结果表明,发育受抑的小麦St、水稻沪B胚根中各增加1—2条负极酶带;发育受抑的小麦中引15、St、水稻沪B子叶中,过氧化物酶同工酶没有产生变化,而从外部形态特征上看没有变化的中引15芽鞘中比对照多2条正极带.上述结果表明,经r射线照射后,植物外部形态特征的变化与内部过氧化物酶同工酶的变化并不完全相关.     

氮肥水平对强筋小麦产量和氮素利用的影响

为明确强筋小麦产量与效率相协同的最优施氮量,试验选用‘济麦20’和‘洲元9369’ 2个优质强筋小麦品种为试验材料,设置0、120、180、240、300 kg N/hm ²等5个施氮水平,用烘干法和凯氏定氮法分别测定小麦成熟期干物质量积累和含氮量,用以计算小麦氮素积累及氮素利用相关指标。结果表明,随氮肥投入量的增加,小麦产量呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势,其中‘济麦20’在N180和N240下达最高产量7.28 t/hm ²和7.26 t/hm ²,其较高的产量主要源于相对平衡的产量构成因素以及较高的干物质积累量（平均18.54 t/hm ²）;‘洲元9369’在N180下产量最高达7.75 t/hm ²,其较高的产量主要源于较高的单位面积穗数(970.65万/hm ²)、穗粒数（30.83粒）、较高的干物质积累量(20.77 t/hm ²)和收获指数(37.33%)。虽然氮肥偏生产力随着氮肥施用量的增加逐渐下降,但两品种的氮肥回收效率、氮肥农学利用率和氮肥生理利用效率均可在N180条件下达到最高值,其中,‘济麦20’最高值分别为62.67%、5.71 kg/kg、9.11 kg/kg,‘洲元9369’的最高值分别为63.65%、7.33 kg/kg、11.55 kg/kg。综合产量水平和氮素利用相关指标,本区域强筋小麦生产中产量与氮素利用效率相协同的施氮量为180 kg/hm ²。     

油菜的生长发育和醣、氮及脂肪代谢特点的初步研究

研究了不同类型油菜品种外部器官的形成、生长与体內醣、氮及脂肪代谢的关系。产量以甘兰类型较白菜类型高。叶面积高峯出现在盛花期前后,净同化率呈“S”形曲线。现蕾抽苔期醣代谢起着主导作用,绝大多数同化产物分配在茎中,同时需肥最多。种子成熟过程含油量的增长,主要由醣转化而成。     

辽宁春季界限温度发生日期的预报方法研究

为了在春季气候预测工作中,尽可能准确地预测辽宁春季稳定通过5℃的日期,采用1961—2010年辽宁省53站逐日气温资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析的月平均位势高度场、海平面气压场资料以及由NOAA重构的月平均海温场资料,通过相关分析方法并开展物理因子的普查工作,寻找辽宁春季稳定通过5℃日期的影响因子,并利用多元线性回归方法建立预报方程。结果表明：1961—2010年辽宁春季气温稳定通过5℃日期随时间有提前出现的趋势;稳定通过5℃日期与2月北大西洋海温、1月西北太平洋海温、2月北极涛动、1月印度洋海温、10月阿留申低压强度和1月北大西洋涛动关系密切;建立的预报稳定通过5℃日期的多元线性回归方程具有显著意义。     

Resources,representation, and authority in Jharkhand,India

Abstract: Jharkhand is at the centre of India's struggles to define ‘the environment’ and ‘economically relevant natural resources’. Although cultural labels are applied by leaders who seek influence in these struggles as well as by many of those people who listen, an ethnonational analytic frame does not help answer the questions: How, why and when has the political idea of environment changed in India? When and why has the Jharkhand movement chosen violent tactics? When and why has the Jharkhand statehood movement realised electoral success? Or, why was Jharkhand state formed? To address such questions, a long range historical‐institutional approach is much more fruitful.     

Sensitivity of Corn, Oats, Peanuts, Rice, Rye, Sorghum, Soybean and Tobacco to UV-B Radiation under Growth Chamber Conditions

Sensitivity of different agronomic crops to UV-B radiation was studied under environmentally controlled conditions. UV-B radiation reduced plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and ash contents. The reduction varied among the different species tested. Narrow-leaved plants (mainly C₄) were less sensitive to UV-B than broad-leaved plants (mainly C₃).     

Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division, Involution and Factorial of High Effective Locations

This paper presents the class of high effective locations and its addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, involution and factorial by the object-oriented programming.     

The origin,evolution, cultivation,dissemination, and diversification of Asian and African rices

Summary Available evidences drawn from biosystematics, evolutionary biology, biogeography, archaeology, history, anthropology, paleo-geology and paleo-meteorology are pooled to reconstruct the series of events that led to the cosmopolitan cultivation of the Asian cultivated rice (O. sativa) and the regionalized planting of the African cultigen (O. glaberrima) in West Africa. The genus Oryza originated in the Gondwanaland continents and, following the fracture of the supercontinent, became widely distributed in the humid tropics of Africa, South America, South and Southeast Asia, and Oceania. The two cultivated species have had a common progenitor in the distant past. Parallel and independent evolutionary processes occurred in Africa and in Asia, following the sequence of: wild perennialwild annualcultivated annual. The weed races also contributed to the differentiation of the cultivated annuals. The corresponding members of the above series are O. longistaminata Chev. et Roehr., O. barthii A. Chev., O. glaberrima Steud., and the stapfii forms of O. glaberrima in Africa; O. rufipogon Griff., O. nivara Sharma et Shastry, O. sativa L., and the spontanea forms of O. sativa in Asia.The differentiation and diversification of the annuals in South Asia were accelerated by marked climatic changes following the last glacial age, dispersal of plants over latitude or altitude, human selection, and manipulation of the cultural environment.Cultivation of rice began in many parts of South and Southeast Asia, probably first in Ancient India. Cultural techniques such as puddling and transplanting were first developed in north and central China and later transmitted to Southeast Asia. Wetland culture preceded dryland culture in China, but in hilly areas of Southeast Asia, dryland cultivation is older than lowland culture. The planting method progressed from shifting cultivation to direct sowing in permanent fields, then to transplanting in bunded fields.Widespread dispersal of the Asian cultigen led to the formation of three eco-geographic races (Indica. Sinica or Japonica, and Javanica) and distinct cultural types in monsoon Asia (upland, lowland, and deep water). Varietal types changed readily within the span of a millenium, largely due to cultivators' preferences, socio-religious traditions, and population pressure. Genetic differentiation developed parallel to the ecologic diversification process.The African cultigen developed later than the Asian cultigen and has undergone less diversification. The wild races in South America and Oceania retain their primitive features mainly due to lack of cultivation pressure or dispersal.Both the African and Asian rices are still undergoing evolutionary changes at habitats where the wild, weed, and cultivated races co-exist.     

基于GIS的重庆市耕地质量评价模型的建立与检验

借助GIS空间数据获取、分析与管理能力,基于农用地分等方法的应用和改进,建立了重庆市耕地质量评价模型。评价模型通过分功能模块从机理上实现评价质量控制,就光温/气候潜力加和算法,采用以能值为基础确定标准产量折算系数 ,引入光温潜力协调系数 ;就自然质量分模型,指标区之间因素－分级－分值进行了统一,但保留了因素权重的区域差异性。采用2004-2005年重庆市分区县统计的平均粮食播面单产对自然质量等和利用等进行独立检验,线性相关系数分别达83％和87％,相关性显著。研究得出结论,评价模型有效实现了重庆市耕地质量评价区域间的可比性。     

Ye Yaxin, Jin Jin, Wang Wenjing, Xu Yu

研究Nacl浓度与小麦幼苗生长分裂的关系及对小麦幼苗的遗传损伤。实验结果表明：小麦幼苗生长在含NaCl的介质中，其幼苗生长被抑制，根尖细胞有丝分裂指数下降,幼苗的分裂指数、遗传损伤与盐浓度间有一定的线性关系。结果显示：有丝分裂指数与处理浓度间呈负相关。这表明：NaCl浓度高或作用时间延长时对小麦细胞具有遗传学毒性，小麦幼根细胞有丝分裂指数可以作为监测环境中NaCl含量的定量指标。