养猪合理分群和并群的方法

来源和体重不同的猪合群一圈饲养,常相互咬架,攻击等现象,影响猪体的健康和增重。因此,根据猪的生理特征,合理分群,保持适宜的饲养密度,采取有效的并群方法,充分利用圈栏设备,安排一个猪生长发育的良好环境有利于提高养猪效益。     

猪合理分群与并群有妙法

来源和体重不同的猪合群一圈饲养,常相互咬架,攻击等现象,影响猪体的健康和增重。因此,根据猪的生理特征,合理分群,保持适宜的饲养密度,采取有效的并群方法,充分利用圈栏设备,给猪一个生长发育的良好环境,有利于提高养猪效益。     

给猪合理分群与并群有妙法

来源和体重不同的猪合群一圈饲养,常出现相互咬架、攻击等现象,影响猪体的健康和增重。因此,根据猪的生理特征,合理分群,保持适宜的饲养密度,采取有效的并群方法,充分利用圈栏设备。安排一个猪只生长发育的良好环境,有利于提高养猪效益。     

规模化猪场保育猪的饲养管理

保育猪是猪只生长的关键阶段,科学的饲养管理措施能够更好的提高仔猪的成活率,提高幼猪的生长性能,促进幼猪的生长发育.采取科学的保育猪饲养技术能够促进养殖业的健康发展.本文主要阐述了规模化猪场保育猪饲养管理关键技术,希望为提高猪场养殖效益,促进生猪养殖业良性发展奠定基础.     

养猪合理分群和并群的方法

来源和体重不同的猪合群一圈饲养，常相互咬架，攻击等现象，影响猪体的健康和增重。因此，根据猪的生理特征，合理分群，保持适宜的饲养密度，采取有效的并群方法，充分利用圈栏设备，安排一个猪生长发育的良好环境有利于提高养猪效益。１分群原则将来源、体重、体况、性情和采食等方面相近的猪合群饲养，分群管理，分槽饲喂，以保证猪正常生长发育，同一群猪内体重相差不宜过大，小猪不超过３～５kg，架子猪不超过５～１０kg为好。分群后要保持相对稳定，一般不要任意变动。２适宜密度一般每头不断奶仔猪占圈栏面积０．７m２，育肥猪每头…     

如何合理建设猪栏

<正>发展标准化规模养殖已成为现代畜牧业的重要举措。规模养殖的源头就是建设猪栏,如何才能科学合理的建设猪栏呢?1饲养密度提高饲养密度,可以充分利用有效空间,降低养猪成本。降低密度,可保证猪生长发育所需要的空间,减少饲料的摄取量,并可减少因空间狭小而引发的恶癖如随处排粪尿、咬尾等问题的发生。因此要合理控制饲养密度。     

饲养密度对育肥猪生长性能、抗氧化和应激指标的影响

文章旨在研究饲养密度对育肥猪生长性能、抗氧化和应激指标的影响。试验将120头遗传背景相近、体重和健康状况无显著差异的杜长大（杜洛克×长白×大白）三元杂交生长育肥猪随机分为3组,分别为低饲养密度组（1.40 m2/头）、中饲养密度组（1.05 m2/头）和高饲养密度组（0.84 m2/头）,试验为期30 d。结果表明,与中饲养密度和低饲养密度组相比,高饲养密度组育肥猪平均日增重和饲料报酬显著降低（P＜0.05）,血清中CAT水平极显著降低（P＜0.01）,血清中GSH-Px和T-SOD水平显著降低（P＜0.05）,血清MDA水平显著升高（P＜0.05）,血清ACTH和COR浓度极显著提高（P＜0.01）|与低饲养密度组相比,中饲养密度组育肥猪平均日增重和饲料报酬显著降低（P＜0.05）,血清中 CAT水平显著降低（P＜0.05）,COR浓度显著提高（P＜0.05）,但GSH-Px、T-SOD和ACTH水平差异不显著（P＞0.05）|各饲养密度组T-AOC差异均不显著（P＞0.05）。表明饲养密度过高将影响育肥猪生长性能、血清抗氧化和应激能力。结论：降低饲养密度可提高育肥猪生长性能和抗氧化水平,降低应激水平。 [关键词]饲养密度|肥育猪|生长性能|抗氧化|应激     

养猪合理分群和并群的方法

在养猪生产中,经常遇到来源和体重不同的猪合群饲养,出现相互咬架、攻击等现象,直接影响猪的健康和增重.因此,应根据猪的生理特征,合理分群,保持适宜的饲养密度,采取有效的并群方法,充分利用圈栏设备,给猪创造一个生长发育的良好环境,提高养猪经济效益.     

提高育肥猪群“整齐度”的技术与管理措施

商品猪场养猪最终效益的实现取决于育肥阶段饲养水平的高低。育肥猪饲养的好坏可以通过猪群"整齐度"来判断。如果育肥猪群呈现常态化"整齐度"高,即预示猪群整体健康、生长发育正常、饲料报酬好、出栏周期短、经济效益优。本文旨在与养猪业界同行分享提高育肥猪群"整齐度"的某些对策。     

保育猪饲养管理技术

保育猪是生猪养殖阶段比较特殊的一个时期,这个阶段的仔猪要脱离母猪独立生活,同时还需要适应新的饲料配方,外界应激因素相对较多,一旦养殖管理不当,将会对猪群的生长发育构成严重的影响。另外保育猪也是生长发育最快速的一个时期,对后期的育肥性能和养殖效益有直观的影响。当前规模化生猪养殖产业快速发展背景下,做好保育猪的针对性养殖管理对促进整个猪群健康和提高生产性能有重要的影响。对此需要结合保育猪生长发育特征,认真做好圈舍的清洗卫生消毒工作,做到合理断奶,合理控制养殖密度,营造一个有利于猪群生长发育的环境。该文探讨保育猪的饲养管理技术要点,希望通过研究对广大同行有一定帮助。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.