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1.
Paśko P Zagrodzki P Bartoń H Chłopicka J Gorinstein S 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(4):333-338
The effect of Chenopodium quinoa seeds on lipid profile, glucose level, protein metabolism and selected essential elements (Na, K, Ca, Mg) level was determined
in high—fructose fed male Wistar rats. Fructose decreased significantly LDL [42%, p < 0.01] and activity of alkaline phosphatase [20%, p < 0.05], and increased triglycerides level [86%, p < 0.01]. The analysis of blood of rats fed quinoa indicated, that these seeds effectively reduced serum total cholesterol
[26%, p < 0.05], LDL [57%, p < 0.008] and triglycerides [11%, p < 0.05] when compared to the control group. Quinoa seeds also significantly reduced the level of glucose [10%, p < 0.01] and plasma total protein level [16%, p < 0.001]. Fructose significantly decreased HDL [15%, p < 0.05] level in control group but when the quinoa seeds were added into the diet the decrease of HDL level was inhibited.
Quinoa seeds did not prevent any adverse effect of increasing triglyceride level caused by fructose. It was shown in this
study that quinoa seeds can reduce most of the adverse effects exerted by fructose on lipid profile and glucose level. 相似文献
2.
Effect of full-fat or defatted rice bran on serum cholesterol 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
R. K. Newman A. A. Betschart C. W. Newman P. J. Hofer 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1992,42(1):37-43
Rice bran has been shown to lower serum cholesterol in hamsters. Leghorn cockerel chicks were fed 60% full-fat rice bran (FFRB) and corn/soy (CS) diets with 0.5% added cholesterol. Both diets contained 19% protein. All reported parameters are on blood serum. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found in total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL and LDL). In a second study, chicks were fed FFRB, defatted rice bran (DFRB), and CS diets balanced for 18% protein, 14.47% total dietary fiber and 10.78% lipid with 0.5% added cholesterol. Both TC and TG were significantly lower (p<0.05) in chicks fed FFRB and CS diets. Significant differences were found in HDL values for all diets with FFRB exhibiting the highest mean value (155 mg/dl) and CS exhibiting the lowest mean value (114 mg/dl). All diets were significantly different (p<0.05) in LDL, with mean values of 249, 318 and 275 mg/dl for FFRB, DFRB and CS, respectively. FFRB appears to increase HDL and to lower LDL in chicks, but does not always affect TC, whereas DFRB may increase all three serum lipid components.Contribution No. 2575, Montana Agricultural Experiment Station in cooperation with Western Regional Research Center, USDA. 相似文献
3.
Brandsch C Kappis D Weisse K Stangl GI 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(4):410-416
Lupin protein is capable of reducing plasma lipids in hypercholesterolemic man and animals. Whether lipid-lowering properties
of lupin protein will be influenced by thermal treatment or by other nutrients has not been elucidated. In a two-factorial
study, rats were fed hypercholesterolemic diets based on high amounts of carbohydrates (HC) or fat (HF), which contained either
(20.4% of energy) untreated or thermally treated lupin protein (steam: 120 °C, 30 min) or casein as control protein. Lupin
protein lowered plasma lipid concentrations in rats fed the HF diet but not in those fed the HC diet (P < 0.05). Among rats fed the HF diet, plasma and VLDL triglyceride concentrations were lower in rats fed thermally treated
(−46% and −44%, P < 0.05) and untreated lupin protein (−47% and −46%, P < 0.05) than in those fed casein; whereas liver triglycerides were reduced only in rats fed untreated lupin protein (P < 0.05). Compared to casein, untreated lupin protein had slightly stronger cholesterol-lowering effects in plasma, LDL and
HDL (−34%, −37%, −35%; P < 0.05) than thermally treated lupin protein (−23%, −29%, −31%, P < 0.10). In conclusion, the lipid-lowering effect of lupin protein strongly depends on composition of the basal diet, and
thermal treatment is accompanied by a slight reduction of its hypocholesterolemic properties. 相似文献
4.
Yong-Seo Park Mi-Kyung Lee Buk-Gu Heo Kyung-Sik Ham Seong-Gook Kang Ja-Yong Cho Shela Gorinstein 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(2):186-191
This study was conducted in order to compare the nutrient and chemical contents of two Korean teas: traditional Chungtaejeon
tea (CTJ) with that of green tea (GT). Main bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activities using four radical scavenging
assays (ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP and DPPH) in methanol and acetone extracts of both teas were determined. It was found that the
contents of vitamin C, amino acids and total nitrogen in CTJ were lower than that of GT (p < 0.05). Caffeine, reducing sugar and chlorophyll contents in CTJ were similar to GT. Catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and
epigallocatechin (EGC) contents were lower in CTJ than in green tea (p < 0.05), but gallocatechin (GC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and catechin gallate (CG) showed
no significant differences between CTJ and GT (p ≥ 0.05). The contents of polyphenols, flavonoids, flavanols and tannins in
CTJ methanol were 229.30 ± 11.3 mg GAE/g dry weight (DW), 15.24 ± 0.8 mg CE/g DW, 109.10 ± 5.1 mg CE/g DW and 25.68 ± 1.2
mg CE/g DW, respectively, and significantly higher than in acetone extracts (p < 0.05). Flavonoids (quercetin and kaempferol) were higher in GT than in CTJ and myricetin was higher in CTJ (p < 0.05). Threonine and aspartic acid was lower, and glutamic acid was higher in CTJ compared with GT (p < 0.05). Free amino acid content in CTJ and GT showed no significant difference. Potassium and magnesium in CTJ were lower
compared to GT, but no significant difference was found for iron, manganese and calcium. Also, the level of the antioxidant
activity by all four used assays was significantly higher in CTJ and in methanol was higher than in acetone extracts (p < 0.05). In conclusion, traditional fermented Korean tea Chungtaejeon contains high quantities of bioactive compounds and
possesses high antioxidant activity. The contents of the bioactive compounds and the levels of antioxidant activities are
significantly higher in methanol than in acetone extracts. 3-D fluorescence and FTIR- spectroscopy showed slight differences
between the two investigated tea samples and can be used as additional tools for identification of polyphenols. Both studied
teas can be recommended as a source of bioactive compounds. 相似文献
5.
Bioavailability of Phenolic Antioxidants Associated with Dietary Fiber: Plasma Antioxidant Capacity After Acute and Long-Term Intake in Humans 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Jara Pérez-Jiménez José Serrano Maria Tabernero Sara Arranz M. Elena Díaz-Rubio Luis García-Diz Isabel Goñi Fulgencio Saura-Calixto 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2009,64(2):102-107
Most studies on bioavailability of phenolic antioxidants are focused in foods and beverages in which they may be easily released
from the food matrix, reaching a peak in plasma antioxidant capacity 1–2 h after the intake. However, plant foods contain
significant amounts of polyphenols associated with dietary fiber. The aim of the present work was to seek the bioavailability
of total phenolic antioxidants associated with dietary fiber by measuring plasma antioxidant capacity in human volunteers.
An acute intake of 15 g of a dietary fiber rich in associated phenolic antioxidants in healthy volunteers (n = 10) increased antioxidant capacity of plasma in relation to a control group (n = 4), becoming significant 8 h after the intake. This shows that phenolic antioxidants associated with dietary fiber are
at least partially bioavailable in humans, although dietary fiber appears to delay their absorption. No significant changes
were observed after long-term intake (16 weeks, 34 subjects). 相似文献
6.
Rinelli S Spadafranca A Fiorillo G Cocucci M Bertoli S Battezzati A 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(1):100-104
We hypothesized that fruit ingestion provides measurable amounts of salicylic acid (SA) and produces different metabolic and
inflammatory responses compared to mere fruit sugars. In a randomized-crossover study, 26 healthy subjects received a peach
shake meal (PSM) (SA: 0,06 ± 0,001 mg/100 g) and a mixed sugar meal (MSM), consisting in an aqueous solution with the same
sugars found in the peach shake. In order to control for the SA contribution from meals in the previous day, 16 subjects (Group
1) abstained from fruits and vegetables consumption the evening before trials, and 10 subjects (Group 2) maintained their
usual diet. Circulating SA, glucose, insulin, free fatty acids, and interleukin-6 were determined. Basal SA was lower in Group
1 than in Group 2 (0.09 ± 0.02 vs. 0.30 ± 0.03 μmol/l, p < 0.001), peaked at 90 min in both groups (0.18 ± 0.01 vs. 0.38 ± 0.02 μmol/l, p < 0.01) and remained above baseline (p < 0.05) up to 3 h. Glycemia increased less after PSM at 15 min (p < 0.01) with a lower average glucose excursion (p < 0.05). Insulin peaked at 45 min with both meals but decreased less rapidly with PSM. Free fatty acids decreased more (p < 0.01), and interleukin-6 increased less (p < 0.05) with PSM. Dietary fruit intake increases the concentration of SA in vivo, and provides non-nutrients capable to modulate the inflammatory and metabolic responses to carbohydrates. 相似文献
7.
Peter Deriemaeker Dirk Aerenhouts Marcel Hebbelinck Peter Clarys 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(1):77-82
A first objective of the present study was to estimate the acid-base balance of the food intake in vegetarians and non-vegetarians.
A second objective was to evaluate if additional input of specific food items on the existing potential renal acid load (PRAL)
list was necessary for the comparison of the two dietary patterns. Thirty vegetarians between the age of 18 and 30 years were
matched for sex, age and BMI with 30 non-vegetarians. Based on the 3-days food diaries the acid-base status of the food intake
was estimated using the PRAL method. Mean PRAL values as estimated with the standard table yielded an alkaline load of -5,4 ± 14,4 mEq/d
in the vegetarians compared to an acid load of 10,3 ± 14,4 mEq/d in the non-vegetarians (p < 0,001). Mean PRAL values as estimated with the extended table yielded an alkaline load of -10,9 ± 19,7 mEq/d in the vegetarians
compared to an acid load of 13,8 ± 17,1 mEq/d for the non-vegetarians (p < 0,001). The findings of this study indicate that vegetarian food intake produces more alkaline outcomes compared to non-vegetarian
diets. The use of the standard PRAL table was sufficient for discrimination between the two diets. 相似文献
8.
Effects of Different Sources of Fructans on Body Weight,Blood Metabolites and Fecal Bacteria in Normal and Obese non-diabetic and Diabetic Rats 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Rendón-Huerta JA Juárez-Flores B Pinos-Rodríguez JM Aguirre-Rivera JR Delgado-Portales RE 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(1):64-70
Fructans contribute significantly to dietary fiber with beneficial effects on gastrointestinal physiology in healthy individuals
and offer a promising approach to treating some diseases. Two experiments (Experiment 1 = rats with normal weight; Experiment
2 = obese rats) were developed to compare the effects of three fructan sources (Cichorium intybus L. Asteraceae, Helianthus tuberosus L. Asteraceae and Agave angustifolia ssp. tequilana Haw, Agavaceae) on body weight change, blood metabolites and fecal bacteria in non-diabetic (ND) and diabetic (D) rats. In
Experiment 1 total body weight gain and daily feed intake in D and ND rats decreased (P < 0.05) with supplements of fructan. Only in D rats, blood glucose concentrations, fecal Clostrodium spp. counts, and liver steatosis decreased, while blood HDL concentrations and fecal Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. counts increased due to fructans. In Experiment 2, total body weight gain and feed intake in ND and D rats were also decreased by fructans. In ND rats, fructan decreased blood
glucose concentrations. In D rats, fructans from A. angustifolia ssp. tequilana decreased blood cholesterol and LDL and liver steatosis. For both ND and D rats, fecal Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. counts were higher (P < 0.05) with fructan supplements. 相似文献
9.
Adriana Schultz Moreira Laura González-Torres Raul Olivero-David Sara Bastida Juana Benedi Francisco J. Sánchez-Muniz 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(3):290-298
The effects of diets including restructured meats (RM) containing Wakame or Nori on total liver glutathione status, and several
antioxidant enzyme gene expressions and activities were tested. Six groups of ten male growing Wistar rats each were fed a
mix of 85% AIN-93 M diet and 15% freeze-dried RM for 35 days. The control group (C) consumed control RM, the Wakame (W) and
the Nori (N) groups, RM with 5% Wakame and 5% Nori, respectively. Animals on added cholesterol diets (CC, CW, and CN) consumed
their corresponding basal diets added with cholesterol (2%) and cholic acid (0.4%). Alga and dietary cholesterol significantly
interact (P < 0.002) influencing all enzyme expressions but not activities. The cholesterol supplement decreased most enzyme expression
and activity. W-RM vs. C-RM increased (P < 0.05) expression of GPx, GR, Mn-SOD, and Cu,Zn-SOD and decreased that of catalase. N-RM vs. C-RM increased (P < 0.05) expression of catalase and Mn-SOD. GR activity increased in W-RM rats while SOD activity increased, but that of Se-GPx
decreased in N animals. W-RM increased total and reduced glutathione and decreased the redox index. CN diet induced significantly
lower plasma cholesterol levels (P < 0.001) than the CW diet. In conclusion, Nori-RM is a hypocholesterolemic food while Wakame-RM is an antioxidant food. This
should be taken into account when including this kind of RM as potential functional foods in human. 相似文献
10.
Carvajal-Zarrabal O Waliszewski SM Barradas-Dermitz DM Orta-Flores Z Hayward-Jones PM Nolasco-Hipólito C Angulo-Guerrero O Sánchez-Ricaño R Infanzón RM Trujillo PR 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2005,60(4):153-159
The scientific basis for the statement that plants and their active constituents play an important role in the prevention
of chronic and degenerative diseases is continously advancing. The object of the present study was to evaluate the effect
of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. dried calyx ethanolic extract on the serum lipid profile of Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were fed during 4 weeks with
either a basal diet, containing high cholesterol (1%), cholic acid (0.25%), lard oil (10%), or a supplemental diet with H. sabdariffa extract at 5%, 10%, and 15% levels (SD5, SD10, SD15). Weight gain and faeces dry weight were both very significantly less (p ≤ 0.01) in SD10 and SD15 groups as compared to the control group, as was food efficiency in SD15. In the case of SD10, food efficiency was only significantly lower (p ≤ 0.05). Faeces dry weight in SD5 however, was the only one found to be significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05). Triacylglycerols and LDL levels were both significantly less (p ≤ 0.05) in all groups (SD5, SD10, and SD15) as compared to the control. For total lipids, SD10 and SD15 showed significantly lower levels (p ≤ 0.05), whereas very significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) were observed in the case of SD5. All groups had lower cholesterol levels compared to controls; however, only the SD5 group was statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05). No significant results were found in any group in the cases of either phospholipid or HDL levels. A hypothesis of
hibiscus acid racemization, (+)-HCA to (−)-HCA, mediated by intestinal flora enzymes possibly explains the significant triacylglycerol
decrease in all experimental groups. VLDL, the precursor of LDL, is composed predominantly of triacylglycerols, suggesting
that the significant decrease in LDL is related to observed triacylglycerol synthesis inhibition. Five percent H. sabdariffa extract addition showed the best results in the reduction of serum lipids under study conditions. 相似文献
11.
Jarinyaporn Naowaboot Patchareewan Pannangpetch Veerapol Kukongviriyapan Bunkerd Kongyingyoes Upa kukongviriyapan 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2009,64(2):116-121
In Thailand, beverages containing mulberry leaf (Morus alba L.) are believed to promote good health, especially in people with diabetes. We examined the effects of long-term administration
of an ethanolic extract of mulberry leaf (MA) on blood glucose, oxidative damage, and glycation in streptozotocin-induced
diabetic rats. Daily administration of 1 g/kg MA for six weeks decreased blood glucose by 22%, which was comparable to the
effect of 4 U/kg insulin. Lipid peroxidation, measured as malondialdehyde and lipid hydroperoxide concentrations (3.50 ± 0.33
and 3.76 ± 0.18 μM, respectively) decreased significantly (P < 0.05) compared to nontreated control diabetic rats (8.19 ± 0.45 and 7.50 ± 0.46 μM, respectively). Hemoglobin A1C, a biomarker for chronic exposure to high concentration of glucose, was also significantly decreased in the MA-treated group
(6.78 ± 0.30%) in comparison to untreated group (9.02 ± 0.30%). The IC50 of in vitro antiglycation and free radical scavenging activities of MA were 16.4 ± 5.6 μg/ml and 61.7 ± 2.1 μg/ml, respectively. These
findings support that long-term administration of MA has antihyperglycemic, antioxidant and antiglycation effects in chronic
diabetic rats, which may be beneficial as food supplement for diabetics. 相似文献
12.
Z. Zdunczyk I. Godycka R. Amarowicz 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1997,50(1):37-45
The seeds of 15 Polish pea varieties contained from 221 to 281 g/kg crude protein with a mean of 240.2±3.5 g/kg dry matter
(DM). The weight of 1000 pea seeds, depending on cultivar, ranged from 209.4 to 280.4 g. No interactive effect between the
seed mass and the crude protein content was detected. The highest significant negative correlation between weight of seeds
and dietary fiber content wasr=−0.815XX. The content of dietary fiber ranged from 161.5 to 209.9 g/kg with a mean of 187.9±3.8 g/kg. The mean gross energy of seeds
was 18.1±0.28 MJ/kg. Amino acid composition of all the cultivars was similar, which was indicated by a similar index of essential
amino acids (EAAI) of about 69.7±0.25. Trypsin inhibitor content in seeds was from 2.83 to 7.32 TIU/mg and the content of
phytates ranged from 6.32 to 13.36 mg/g DM. The mean content of polyphenols and flavanols in analysed pea cultivars was 0.92
amd 0.46 mg/g, respectively. In the seeds of most cultivars little or no pyrimidine glucosides, i.e. vicine and convicine,
were found. The overall mean oligosaccharide content was 64.3±1.8 g/kg, of which α-galactosides were 46.8±2.0 g/kg. The antinutritional
factor content was not significantly correlated with protein content. No statistical relationship was found between crude
protein and dietary fiber content. It was observed that pea cultivars with higher trypsin inhibitor activity contained significantly
less flavanols (r=−0.607X) and α-galactosides (r=−0.617X). The varieties with higher seed content of dietary fiber contained the highest amount of α-galactosides (r=0.514X). 相似文献
13.
NDeye Lallah Nina Koite Ngouro Issa Sanogo Olivier Lpine Jean-Marie Bard Khadija Ouguerram 《Marine drugs》2022,20(7)
Lipid peroxidation is associated with the development of some pathologies, such as cardiovascular diseases. Reduction in oxidative stress by antioxidants, such as Arthrospira (formely Spirulina), helps improving this redox imbalance. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the Arthrospira liquid extract “Spirulysat®” on oxidative markers—in particular, oxidized LDL (oxLDL)/total LDL cholesterol—and isoprostanes and to investigate its impact on lipid and glucose metabolism in the metabolic syndrome subject. A controlled, randomised, double-blind design was conducted in 40 subjects aged 18 to 65 years with metabolic syndrome after a daily intake of Spirulysat® or placebo for twelve weeks. Blood and urinary samples were collected at three visits (V1, V2, V3) in the two groups for parameters determination. Although the Spirulysat® group showed a decrease at all visits of the oxLDL/total cholesterol ratio, there was no significant difference compared to the placebo (p = 0.36). The urinary isoprostanes concentration in the Spirulysat® group was reduced (p = 0.014) at V3. Plasma triglycerides decreased at V3 (p = 0.003) and HDL-cholesterol increased (p = 0.031) at all visits with Spirulysat®. In conclusion, Spirulysat® did not change the oxidized LDL (oxLDL)/LDL ratio but decreased the urinary isoprostanes, plasma triglycerides and increased HDL cholesterol, suggesting a beneficial effect on metabolic syndrome. 相似文献
14.
This study investigated the nutritional effect of sunflower seed proteinfraction (SSPF) extracted with isopropanol on growth, plasma and tissuelipid profile, protein content and erythrocyte membrane lipid profile ofrats. Dehulled sunflower seeds were extracted with isopropanol at 50±1 °C resulting in a protein fraction (71.5%) with low residualchlorogenic acid (0.07%) and fiber (3.3%) contents. Rats fed thesunflower seed protein fraction had a similar body weight gain and foodefficiency ratios in comparison to those fed casein. Rats fed SSPF incontrast had a significantly higher growth and food efficiency ratio thanthe rats fed sunflower meal (SM), extracted with hexane. However,dietary proteins exerted a separate effect on plasma total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein to highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C/HDL-C) ratio and triglyceridecontent. Sunflower seed protein fraction resulted in a significantdecrease in plasma cholesterol (p < 0.05) and LDL-cholesterol (p <0.02) levels compared to the casein fed rats. Membrane phospholipidprofile also showed a marked variation with the type of dietary protein.Rats fed SSPF and SM did not show much variation in plasma lipids, plasmaproteins, liver and brain lipids and membrane phospholipid concentrations.Protein content, liver and brain lipid profile of the groups fed SSPF andcasein were comparable, suggesting that the nutritional value of SSPF isbetter than SM and equivalent to that of casein. 相似文献
15.
João C. M. Barreira José Alberto Pereira M. Beatriz P. P. Oliveira Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(1):38-43
Sugar profiles of different almond and chestnut cultivars were obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC),
by means of a refractive index (RI) detector. A solid-liquid extraction procedure was used in defatted and dried samples.
The chromatographic separation was achieved using a Eurospher 100-5 NH2 column using an isocratic elution with acetonitrile/water (70:30, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. All the compounds were separated in 16 min. The method was optimized and proved to be reproducible
and accurate. Generally, more than 95% of sugars were identified for both matrixes. Sugars profiles were quite homogeneous
for almond cultivars; sucrose was the main sugar (11.46 ± 0.14 in Marcona to 22.23 ± 0.59 in Ferragnes g/100 g of dried weight), followed by raffinose (0.71 ± 0.05 in Ferraduel to 2.11 ± 0.29 in Duro Italiano), glucose (0.42 ± 0.12 in Pegarinhos two seeded to 1.47 ± 0.19 in Ferragnes) and fructose (0.11 ± 0.02 in Pegarinhos two seeded to 0.59 ± 0.05 in Gloriette). Commercial cultivars proved to have higher sucrose contents, except in the case of Marcona. Nevertheless, chestnut cultivars revealed a high heterogeneity. Sucrose was the main sugar in Aveleira (22.05 ± 1.48), Judia (23.30 ± 0.83) and Longal (9.56 ± 0.91), while glucose was slightly prevalent in Boa Ventura (6.63 ± 0.49). The observed variance could serve for inter-cultivar discrimination. 相似文献
16.
Pahua-Ramos ME Ortiz-Moreno A Chamorro-Cevallos G Hernández-Navarro MD Garduño-Siciliano L Necoechea-Mondragón H Hernández-Ortega M 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(1):10-16
Avocado seed contains elevated levels of phenolic compounds and exhibits antioxidant properties. We investigated the effect
of Avocado Seed Flour (ASF) on the lipid levels in mice on a hyperlipidemic diet. The concentration of phenols was determined
by high-performance liquid chromatography, antioxidant activity was evaluated using the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity
method, and dietary fiber was measured using the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) method. The LD50 of ASF was determined using Lorke’s method and hypolipidemic activity was evaluated in a hypercholesterolemic model in mice.
Protocatechuic acid was the main phenolic compound found in ASF, followed by kaempferide and vanillic acid. The total phenolic
content in the methanolic extract of ASF was 292.00 ± 9.81 mg gallic acid equivalents/g seed dry weight and the antioxidant
activity resulted in 173.3 μmol Trolox equivalents/g DW. In addition, a high content of dietary fiber was found (34.8%). The
oral LD50 for ASF was 1767 mg/kg body weight, and treatment with ASF significantly reduced the levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C,
and prediction of the atherogenic index. Therefore, the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds and dietary fiber in ASF
may be responsible for the hypocholesterolemic activity of ASF in a hyperlipidemic model of mice. 相似文献
17.
Effect of L-arginine Oral Supplementation on Response to Myocardial Infarction in Hypercholesterolemic and Hypertensive Rats 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Verónica Piñeiro Alicia Ortiz-Moreno Rosalva Mora-Escobedo María Dolores Hernández-Navarro Guillermo Ceballos-Reyes Germán Chamorro-Cevallos 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(1):31-37
The well known metabolic functions of L-arginine have been recently increased with the discovery of its role as the substrate
for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), which has emerged as an endogenous signaling molecule with potential therapeutic implications
for cardiovascular disease. Steady-state levels of NO are derived in part from dietary sources. It has been reported that
supplementation of L-arginine reduces atherosclerosis in rabbits and reduces the arterial pressure in hypertensive rats. Therefore,
we investigated the effect of L-arginine supplementation using a group of induced hypercholesterolemic rats and a group of
spontaneously hypertensive rats; the infarcted area in cardiac tissue of both groups was measured during the response to myocardial
infarction in the ischemia-reperfusion model. Hypercholesterolemic rats supplemented with 170 mg kg−1 of L-arginine showed a significant (P ≤ 0.05) reduction in total cholesterol (25.2%) and LDL (27.8%). Spontaneously hypertensive rats supplemented with L-arginine
presented a significant reduction (20.3%) in mean blood pressure (P ≤ 0.05). The index infarcted area / total heart area, in both: hypercholesterolemic and hypertensive rats supplemented with
L-arginine, showed a significant 36% and 29% of cardio protection (P ≤ 0.05) effect, respectively. Dietary supplementation with L-arginine may represent a potentially novel nutritional strategy
for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. 相似文献
18.
Alison Gegios Rachel Amthor Busie Maziya-Dixon Chedozie Egesi Sally Mallowa Rhoda Nungo Simon Gichuki Ada Mbanaso Mark J. Manary 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(1):64-70
Cassava contains little zinc, iron, and β-carotene, yet it is the primary staple crop of over 250 million Africans. This study
used a 24-hour dietary recall to test the hypothesis that among healthy children aged 2–5 years in Nigeria and Kenya, cassava’s
contribution to the childrens’ daily diets is inversely related to intakes of zinc, iron, and vitamin A. Dietary and demographic
data and anthropometric measurements were collected from 449 Kenyan and 793 Nigerian children. Among Kenyan children 89% derived
at least 25% of their dietary energy from cassava, while among the Nigerian children 31% derived at least 25% of energy from
cassava. Spearman’s correlation coefficient between the fraction of dietary energy obtained from cassava and vitamin A intake
was r = −0.15, P < 0.0001, zinc intake was r = −0.11, P < 0.0001 and iron intake was r = −0.36, P < 0.0001. In Kenya, 59% of children consumed adequate vitamin A, 22% iron, and 31% zinc. In Nigeria, 17% of children had
adequate intake of vitamin A, 57% iron, and 41% zinc. Consumption of cassava is a risk factor for inadequate vitamin A, zinc
and/or iron intake. 相似文献
19.
Louis Cara Patrick Borel Martine Armand Michele Senft Huguette Lafont Henri Portugal Anne-Marie Pauli Daniele Boulze Christianne Lacombe Denis Lairon 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1991,41(2):135-150
The present study was performed to investigate the possible effects of wheat germ supplementation on lipid metabolism in humans. Ten free-living adult subjects participated in the study. None was obese or diabetic. They all presented an, hypercholesterolemia (from 6.58 to 9.50 mM), associated in 6 over 10 cases to an hypertriglyceridemia (from 1.70 to 5.00 mM). The subjects were studied in three consecutive periods, during which they first were on their usual diet (first week), they then ingested a daily supplement of 30 g wheat germ (4 weeks) and then they returned to their usual basal diet (4 weeks follow-up). Dietary records were obtained for 7 and 3 consecutive days before and during wheat germ supplementation, respectively. Fasting blood samples were taken at the end of each period. After 4 weeks of wheat, germ intake, glycemia did not change while total plasma cholesterol significantly decreased (paired Student'st test,p0.05) from 7.80 to 7.15 mM. LDL and HDL cholesterol values did not show marked changes, but VLDL cholesterol significantly dropped by 40.6%. Thus, the plasma/HDL total cholesterol ratio was significantly lower. Apoprotein B and A1 decreased. In the hypertriglyceridemic subjects, this was accompanied by a significant reduction of plasma triglycerides (1.64 vs. 2.68 mM) and a marked drop of VLDL triglycerides (–51%). Taken as a whole, the present results obtained in humans are very close to those previously obtained in the rat [40] and point out that wheat germ may play a beneficial role in the dietary management of hyperlipidemia.Part of the data communicated in this paper was presented at the Fibre 90 Conference, 17–20 April 1990, Norwich, UK. 相似文献
20.
Renata Mikstacka Agnes M. Rimando Ewa Ignatowicz 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(1):57-63
There is evidence that a diet rich in fruit and vegetables may reduce the risk of cancer and other degenerative diseases.
However, potential health impact of bioactive phytochemicals is limited by their low amount and relatively poor bioavailability.
It has been suggested that the health benefits associated with fruit and red wine consumption could be due to the whole antioxidant
pool of the diet microcomponents. In this study, the antioxidant activities of trans-resveratrol, pterostilbene and quercetin, and the effect of their combination were investigated in human erythrocytes in vitro. H2O2-induced lipid peroxidation was assessed by measuring the amount of thiobarbituric acid reactive species. Quercetin and pterostilbene
protected erythrocyte membranes against lipid peroxidation (IC50 values = 64 ± 8.7 μM and 44.5 ± 7.8 μM, respectively). Resveratrol was significantly less effective. However, the three compounds
protected the erythocytes against hemolysis and GSH (reduced glutathione) depletion to the same extent. Combinations consisting
of two compounds (molar ratio 1:1) influenced lipid peroxidation in a concentration–dependent manner. At lower concentrations,
resveratrol with quercetin or pterostilbene inhibited synergistically the oxidative injury of membrane lipids At higher concentrations,
an additive effect was observed. These protective effects may partially explain the health benefit of these bioactive microcomponents
when together in the diet. 相似文献