混纺麻纱特征的实用图像表征技术--Ⅰ.截面图像生成与特征指标

混纺织物的纤维组成和混纺比早在成纱时就已确定,其预先判定极为必要.本文探讨图像技术测量麻/涤混纺纱混合比的快速算法及其实用指标.该表征从麻/涤纱的有效切片、纱线截面摄像、图像小波分析去噪开始,到采用形态滤波法,解决图像局部灰度不均匀;使用分水岭法,分开粘连纤维和减少无效分割,实现图像的采集和预处理.实验结果证明,切片采样和小波除噪可达清晰采像要求;图像预处理可有效提高图像质量和分析精度.由此对纤维截面几何特征分析,得出主要特征参数为纤维当量截面积、异形系数和中腔纹.并依此参数及其组合完成对苎麻和涤纶纤维的自动识别,准确率达99.5%.     

混纺麻纱特征的实用图像表征技术——Ⅰ．截面图像生成与特征指标

混纺织物的纤维组成和混纺比早在成纱时就已确定，其预先判定极为必要。本文探讨图像技术测量麻／涤混纺纱混合比的快速算法及其实用指标。该表征从麻／涤纱的有效切片、纱线截面摄像、图像小波分析去噪开始，到采用形态滤波法，解决图像局部灰度不均匀；使用分水岭法，分开粘连纤维和减少无效分割，实现图像的采集和预处理。实验结果证明，切片采样和小波除噪可达清晰采像要求；图像预处理可有效提高图像质量和分析精度。由此对纤维截面几何特征分析，得出主要特征参数为纤维当量截面积、异形系数和中腔纹。并依此参数及其组合完成对苎麻和涤纶纤维的自动识别，准确率达99．5％．     

高支苎麻/涤/棉长短纤维多彩复合面料的生产技术研究

通过对长短纤维纺纱的工艺路线及关键工序的生产技术进行研究和创新,在苎麻粗纱机上将涤/棉短纤维条与麻/维长纤维条进行复合,纺出60Nm麻/维/涤/棉长短纤维复合纱。织造成坯布后,经过染整的退维处理,再利用涤纶与麻、棉染色性能不同的原理,研究、探索了面料的染色工艺及相关的技术措施,最终研发出具有色纺、色织效果的72Nm苎麻/涤/棉长短纤维多彩复合面料。     

混纺麻纱特征的实用图像表征技术——II.麻/涤纱混合比的计算

基于已有的特征指标及组合指标,对苎麻和涤纶纤维的各特征指标进行“组合对”识别与分类及其边界确定。利用“组合对”参数二维解析边界函数划分和判定方法,实现了计算机图像处理对麻/涤混纺纱混合比的精确、有效地计算,混纺比与实际比较绝对误差在3%以下,相对误差在5%以下。研究表明本文提供的方法更具有纤维识别的直观准确性和有效性,并可实用和标准化。     

混纺麻纱特征的实用图像表征技术--Ⅱ.麻/涤纱混合比的计算

基于已有的特征指标及组合指标,对苎麻和涤纶纤维的各特征指标进行"组合对"识别与分类及其边界确定.利用"组合对"参数二维解析边界函数划分和判定方法,实现了计算机图像处理对麻/涤混纺纱混合比的精确、有效地计算,混纺比与实际比较绝对误差在3%以下,相对误差在5%以下.研究表明本文提供的方法更具有纤维识别的直观准确性和有效性,并可实用和标准化.     

亚麻/锦纶/莫代尔湿法混纺纱及织物的制备和性能研究

采用亚麻短麻/锦纶/Modal 3种纤维湿法混纺,织成织物进行性能测试.结果 表明,在锦纶和Modal的改善下,28 Nm的亚麻/锦纶/Modal纤维60/20/20混纺纱,相比亚麻纯纺纱断裂伸长提高47.8％,条干均匀度改善程度在20％ ～ 50％,有害毛羽降低16.7％,纱疵较少;混纺织物在保留亚麻优良的透气、透湿...     

混纺麻纱特征的实用图像表征技术——Ⅱ．麻／涤纱混合比的计算

基于已有的特征指标及组合指标，对苎麻和涤纶纤维的各特征指标进行“组合对”识别与分类及其边界确定。利用“组合对”参数二维解析边界函数划分和判定方法，实现了计算机图像处理对麻／涤混纺纱混合比的精确、有效地计算，混纺比与实际比较绝对误差在3％以下，相对误差在5％以下。研究表明本文提供的方法更具有纤维识别的直观准确性和有效性，并可实用和标准化。     

苎麻与沟槽纤维混纺织物性能测试与分析

本文对采用纯苎麻纱作经纱及沟槽异形涤纶纤维混纺纱(交捻纱和sirofil纺纱)和其它纱线作为纬纱的不同织物试样的性能进行了测试和对比,分析了沟槽纤维混纺对织物吸湿排湿及其它性能的影响及其机理.     

苎麻与沟槽纤维混纺织物性能测试与分析

本文对采用纯苎麻纱作经纱及沟槽异形涤纶纤维混纺纱（交捻纱和sirofil纺纱）和其它纱线作为纬纱的不同织物试样的性能进行了测试和对比，分析了沟槽纤维混纺对织物吸湿排湿及其它性能的影响及其机理。     

苎麻/涤Sirofil纱的性能研究

对苎麻/涤Sirofil纱的性能进行了研究,并与苎麻环锭纱、Siro纱、包芯纱、plyfil纱进行了比较.结果显示,苎麻/涤Sirofil纱的性能要优于对比纱.     

Optimum drafting conditions of bamboo charcoal-modified fiber blended yarn obtained by drafting behavior analysis

In this work, the effect of optimum drafting condition on the drafting behavior and yarn quality of the bamboo charcoal-modified fiber blended spun yarns were studied. We measured the drafting force and drafting force variance, CV% of the bamboo charcoal-modified Polyester/Cotton (BCP/C) blended roving and bamboo charcoal-modified Rayon/Cotton (BCR/C) blended roving to examine the influence of the roller gauge and drafting ratio on drafting behavior and yarn quality. We understand that the drafting force of the bamboo charcoal-modified fiber blended roving follow the same trend as that for the regular P/C and R/C blend roving. However, the drafting force presents some difference in characteristics between these bamboo charcoal-modified fiber blended rovings. To correlate the drafting force variation, CV% and the bamboo charcoal-modified fiber blended spun yarn properties, we evaluated the yarn quality and investigate the yarn quality index in conjunction with the break drafting ratio. Therefore, in this work, we can obtain the best optimum drafting conditions for bamboo charcoal-modified fiber blended spun yarns; for the 19.7 tex of BCP70/C30 blend spun yarn was under the roller gauge of 54 mm at the draft ratio of 1.3, whereas, for the 19.7 tex of BCR40/C60 blend spun yarn was under the roller gauge of 54 mm at the draft ratio of 1.2.     

The mechanism and/or prediction of the breaking elongation of polyester/viscose blended open-end rotor spun yarns

In this study, an analysis on the breaking elongation mechanism of the polyester/viscose blended open-end rotor spun yarns has been carried out. In addition, a back propagation multi layer perceptron (MLP) network and a mixture process crossed regression model with two mixture components (polyester and viscose blend ratios) and two process variables (yarn count and rotor speed) are developed to predict the breaking elongation of polyester/viscose blended open-end rotor spun yarns. Seven different blend ratios of polyester/viscose slivers are produced and these slivers are manufactured with four different rotor speed and four different yarn counts in rotor spinning machine. In conclusion, ANN and statistical model both have given satisfactory predictions; however, the predictions of ANN gave relatively more reliable results than those of statistical models. Since the prediction capacity of statistical models is also obtained as satisfactory, it can also be used for breaking elongation (%) prediction of yarns because of its simplicity and non-complex structure. In addition, it is also found in this study that yarn count, rotor speed and breaking elongation of polyester-viscose fibers and the blend ratios of these fibers in the yarn have major effects on yarn breaking elongation.     

Compression properties of weft knitted fabrics consisting of shrinkable and non-shrinkable acrylic fibers

High-bulk worsted yarns with different shrinkable and non-shrinkable acrylic fibers blend ratios are produced and then single jersey weft knitted fabrics with three different structures and loop lengths are constructed. The physical properties of produced yarns and compression properties of produced fabrics at eight pressure values (50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 g/cm²) were measured using a conventional fabric thickness tester. Then, weft-knitted fabric compression behavior was analyzed using a two parameters model. It is found that at 40% shrinkable fibre blending ratio the maximum yarn bulk, shrinkage, abrasion resistance and minimum yarn strength are obtained. It is also shown that high-bulk acrylic yarn has the highest elongation at 20% shrinkable fibre blend ratio. The statistical regression analysis revealed that the compression behavior of acrylic weft-knitted fabrics is highly closed to two parameter model proposed for woven fabrics. It is also shown that for weft-knitted structure, there is an incompressible layer (V′) which resists against high compression load. Acrylic weft-knitted fabrics with knit-tuck structure exhibit higher compression rigidity and lower softness than the plain and knitmiss structures. In addition, at 20% shrinkable fibre blend ratio, the high-bulk acrylic weft-knitted fabrics are highly compressible.     

Properties of core-and-effect air textured yarns blended by diacetate and polyester filaments

In present work, PET FDY has been used to blend with diacetate filaments by air texturing process and core-and-effect air-textured yarns have been produced. The influences of both over-feeds of core and effect components on properties of textured yarns were mainly examined. It was observed that a spun-like effect of diacetate filaments occurred during air texturing and there were a little amount of free fiber ends besides loops on blended air textured yarns, while the number of free fiber ends changed little with variation in over-feeds. The tenacity of textured yarns decreased with increase in over-feeds of effect or core component. The breaking elongation increased with increase in over-feed of effect component, but decreased with increase in over-feed of core component. The yarn stability improves when both over-feeds are increased. The effect of over-feeds on boiling water shrinkage shows no clear trend. The core and average diameters are higher at high over-feed of effect component, but the over-feed of core component exhibits little effect on yarn diameters. The number and size of loops are increase with increased over-feed of effect component.     

Study on the packing density of structurally modified ring spun yarn

Fibres being the structural unit of a yarn, its nature, composition and arrangement can influence structure and properties. The performance of yarn changes with arrangement of its constituent fibres. Arrangement of fibres in a yarn being system specific, different spinning system results different arrangement of fibres causing variation in product performance. A change in the arrangement of fibres in an already formed yarn can be brought about by suitable physical and/or chemical treatment. A treatment to remove a component is expected to cause changes in final arrangement of fibres in a yarn. In the present study, polyester/PVA blended yarn was modified through dissolution of the later component. The resultant change in structural arrangement on dissolution was assessed by the change in radial packing distribution of fibres. Migration index, helped in identifying the location that was influenced more in the redistribution. In the parent yarn, PVA had a preferential tendency to predominate near the core. On dissolution of PVA, creation of open space was expected and collapsing of the structure led to a possible rearrangement of fibres and reduction in diameter of yarn. Fibre denier, blend ratio and twist factor were also found to influence packing density both in parent and modified yarn. Unlike published reports, interestingly, an increase in fibre packing density was observed on dissolution of PVA. Average packing density in parent yarn was found to lie at a yarn radius between 0.07 mm to 0.09 mm while for the modified yarn it was between 0.05 mm to 0.07 mm.     

图像处理技术在玉米株型上的应用研究

利用图像处理技术,通过对整株玉米图像进行处理和分析,获取图像特征,建立其与实测数据的数学模型,应用所建模型可以找到玉米图像特征值与植株株型的一些农艺性状的定量化联系,为传统田间试验提供了简单易操作的方法,并为探索实行精确化农业寻找思路。     

混纺比对麻涤纱线性能的影响

本文通过对不同混纺比下的麻涤混纺纱的性能测试分析得出：涤纶比例必须达到一定量（40％）后，混纺纱的断裂伸长率才能随着涤纶比列的提高而逐渐改善；随着混纺比的改变，在涤纶含量为50％左右，混纺纱的断裂强力将出现一个低谷；随着涤纶含量的增加，毛羽和条干指标得以改善。     

Wicking phenomenon in polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn

The aim of this paper is to investigate vertical wicking in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospinning nanofiber yarn using image analysis. Colored liquid rising phenomenon into the yarn and the distance of liquid rise were determined as a function of time. The kinetics of capillary rise follows the Lucas-Washburn equation. The results show that capillary rise rate coefficient is being reduced with increasing yarn twist, due to the reduction of continuity and size of capillaries. Increasing heat treatment stretch from 0 % (draw ratio=1) to 50 % (draw ratio=1.5) increases the capillary rise rate coefficient, due to the more homogeneity of capillary spaces in the yarn structure and increasing heat treatment stretch from 50 to 100 % (draw ratio=2) reduces capillary rise rate coefficient, because of the low capillary length. The present study indicates that an appropriate choice in production parameters of nanofiber yarn is all important in obtaining the desired properties of capillary rise.     

Evaluation of flax accessions for high value textile end uses

Due to recent changes in EC subsidies for flax cultivation it has been difficult to grow short fibre flax profitably in the UK. The Texflax project aimed to demonstrate that high quality flax fibre can be produced and processed on short fibre cotton spinning systems. Initially 92 flax accessions were cultivated on test sites in the UK over three growing seasons to explore the range of fibre diameter found in fibre flax. The efficacy of applying a translocating herbicide at different stages of plant maturity for optimum fine fibre production was explored. A range of factors indicated that application at the midpoint of flowering stage is favourable for the desiccation of flax and onset of retting. Fibre was caustic extracted using a laboratory method developed at De Montfort University, and fibre evaluated in terms of diameter, length, consistency and cleanliness. At the end of the project five accessions from the original 92 were chosen as producing optimal quality fibre suitable for high value textile end uses. Improved agronomy and subsequent processing enabled yarns with a 50:50 cotton:flax blend to be spun at 26 N m yarn count, the normal blend ratio for this count being 70:30. The yarn properties show an improvement when compared to standard products and finer quality fabrics have been prepared using the yarns.