短角鸟虱属一新种（食毛目：短角鸟虱科）

本文报道了从上海动物园褐马鸡体上所采到的一种羽虱,根据其特征,经鉴定后,该虫种为头角亚目,短角鸟虱产、短角鸟虱属一新种,文内就其所有的特征进行描述,并绘图。     

榆林地区鸡的虱类调查

对榆林地区鸡的虱类进行了较为详细的调查。获得和已鉴定的虱类有6种，分别为：鸡短角羽虱（Menopon gallinae)，草黄短角羽虱（M.stamineus)。异形长羽虱（Lipeurus heterographus)。草黄短角羽虱（M.stamineus)。异形长羽虱（Lipeurus heterographus)。阉鸡长羽虱（L.caponis)，鸡圆羽虱（Goniocotes gallinae)。不同角羽虱（G.dissimilis)。并对以上各虱种的寄生部位，形态特征和地理分布进行了观察和描述。     

美国肉用型短角牛引种观察报告

短角牛（Shorthon）原产于英格兰东北部的诺森伯兰郡、达勒姆郡、约克郡和林肯郡。因从梯斯河流域的长角牛改良而来,故称改良后的牛为短角牛。短角牛又分为肉用和乳肉兼用两种类型。     

12月龄短角牛体重与主要体尺指标的相关性分析

本文旨在探究12月龄短角牛体重与主要体尺指标之间的相关性,构建多元回归方程,研究影响短角牛的主要体尺指标及月龄。选取12月龄公牛163头,母牛261头,共424头短角牛体重、体高、十字部高、体斜长、胸围的体尺数据,使用最小二乘法对已知数据进行最佳线性拟合,构建多元回归方程并分析其相关性。结果显示,12月龄短角公牛的体重与各体尺指标的平均值均高于母牛;且体重与各体尺指标的回归关系达到极显著水平（p﹤0.01）,多元线性回归方程拟合度较高。12月龄短角牛无论公母,其体重与各体尺指标之间均呈现不同程度的相关性, 其中公牛的体高、十字部高、体斜长、胸围与体重的相关性高于母牛。12月龄短角公牛体重与体高、十字部高、体斜长、胸围呈极显著正相关（p﹤0.01）,其中体重与胸围的相关性最大(r=0.902)。12月龄短角母牛的体重与体高、十字部高、体斜长、胸围之间均呈极显著正相关（p﹤0.01）,其中与胸围相关性最大(r=0.823)。12月龄短角牛的体重与体高、十字部高、体斜长、胸围之间均呈极显著正相关（p﹤0.01）,其中与胸围相关性最大(r=0.873)。     

放牧加补饲条件下短角牛生长发育规律研究

[目的]为了探讨短角牛的生长发育规律及体重与各体尺间的相关性,[方法]对放牧加补饲条件下短角牛的体重、体尺进行测定,对所测定数据进行分析。[结果]结果表明：短角牛体重、体尺的变化随着月龄增加逐渐增加;短角牛具有早期生长发育快的特点,公牛、母牛体重从出生到6月龄时达到绝对生长高峰,日增重分别达到1 093.30 g和973.64 g;公牛、母牛体重的相对生长曲线较一致,整条曲线大致呈下降趋势;生长发育阶段体重和体尺的相关性与性别、月龄有关。[结论]应注重短角牛早期的饲养管理,短角牛公牛的营养水平应高于母牛。     

短角牛及其改良云南黄牛的生长性能测定

短角牛（Shorthorn）属普通牛，是世界上著名肉牛品种之一，原产于英国，中等体型，具有性情温和、早熟、肉用性能好、耐粗饲、增重快、母牛泌乳性能强、犊牛成活率高等优良特性，杂交改良黄牛效果较好。云南省于1996年底从美国引进短角肉种牛110头，除10头公牛用于生产冻精外，其余作纯繁并提基层改良用的种牛。     

短角杂种与泾源黄牛放牧性能的观察

泾源黄牛爬山能力强,群众称“爬山虎”,适合山地放牧和使役。为了适应国民经济发展的需要,用短角牛改良黄牛已有大量杂种后代,为了了解在放牧条件下对自然环境的适应性能,掌握其生活规律,为改善饲养管理提供科学依据,我们于1991年5—6月进行了短角二代杂种牛与泾源黄牛     

美系短角肉种牛生长发育性能测定

[目的]为了确保美系短角牛选育及推广利用工作顺利进行。[方法]对云南省种羊场扩繁选育的全日制放牧条件下短角牛进行体重、体尺测定。采用牛体重、体尺测定的常规方法,分别测定初生、6月龄、12月龄、18月龄、24月龄、36月龄和成年等不同发育阶段公母牛的体重和体尺。[结果]短角牛种公牛有两个增重高峰,分别是从初生到6月龄和从36月龄到成年;而短角牛母牛的增重从初生到12月龄增重为最快,以后的增重速度变慢。成年公牛体重821.56±62.67kg,体高143.44±5.00cm,体斜长172.89±7.85cm,胸围207.50±7.98cm;母牛分别为543.14±45.20kg,135.34±4.56cm,160.59±7.90cm和187.96±7.20cm。[结论]美系短角牛在云南省种羊场生长发育良好,具备了一定的供种能力。     

美系短角肉种牛繁殖性能研究

[目的]为了掌握短角肉种牛从美国引种到云南纯繁后的繁殖性能。[方法]通过对美系短角肉用种牛自2008年至2011年的参配母牛数、产犊数、成活数进行统计。[结果]四年的平均繁殖成活率69.18%,比驯化期间提高2%;其中以2008年最低(61.84%),2010年最高(72.26%)。[结论]美系短角肉种牛的繁殖性能逐年提高。     

美系短角肉种牛的全日制放牧管理

对美系短角肉种牛自1997年至今的饲养管理技术进行小结,供养殖业界同行参考。     

江苏省桑园叶蝉种类名录及一个新种的记述(同翅目:叶蝉科)

记述了采自江苏省桑园的叶蝉种类共7个亚科24个种,其中含1个新种(双叉铲头叶蝉Hecalus bifurcatessp.n.)、11个江苏新记录种,并厘定3个同物异名。新种模式标本保存在苏州大学昆虫标本室。     

结缕草属草坪草在中国的名称与应用

结缕草属草坪草是低矮、匍匐性、草皮型的暖季型多年生禾本科草本。在中国的分布与应用大约有 5种 :1 结缕草 ;2 中华结缕草 ;3 大穗结缕草 ;4 细叶结缕草 ;5 沟叶结缕草。另外 ,从日本引入一个栽培种 ,通名叫做半细叶结缕草。结缕草属草坪草属于公园、风景区、庭园和运动场草坪草以及水土保持覆盖大地之用。     

为害柘树的叶蝉新种--柘树背索叶蝉 (同翅目:叶蝉科:广头叶蝉亚科)

发现一个为害柘树的叶蝉新种:柘树背索叶蝉PediopsiscudraniaeCaietWangsp.nov.。对其形态进行了研究,并附有特征图。模式标本保存在苏州大学昆虫标本室。     

Comparative Morphology of Three Native Lernaeids (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) from Amazonian Fishes and Descriptions of Two New Genera

Abstract

Morphological studies were carried out on adult postmetamorphic females of three native South American genera of Lernaeidae (Crustacea: Copepoda: Cyclopoida) and these were compared with the imported species Lernaea cyprinacea. Two of the native species represent new genera, which are described as Amazolernaea sannerae gen. et sp. nov. and Bedsylernaea collaris gen. et sp. nov. The third native species had already been described as Perulernaea gamitanae Thatcher and Paredes, 1985. Amazolernaea sannerae from the cichlids Cichla monoculus and speckled pavon C. temensis was characterized as having four similar petal-like anchors, a long slender neck, thoracopods 1 and 2 close together, and a genital pore located equatorially in the well-developed hindbody. Bedsylernaea collaris differs from all known lernaeids in having a large inflated head region with one bulbous anchor on either side, a slender neck, a stout hindbody with a large pregenital prominence, a genital pore that is anterior to the midpoint on the hindbody, and collar-like extensions on the anterior extremity of the hindbody. Perulernaea gamitanae has two large and two small unbranched anchors, a long neck with prominent glands, and an elongate hindbody with a genital pore that is posterior to the midpoint. In contrast, all valid species of Lernaea have four frequently branching anchors, a neck region and hindbody that are not well defined, a short abdomen, and a genital pore at or near the posterior extremity.     

A new Barbus minnow (Pisces,Cyprinidae) from the eastern Cape Province,South Africa

A new cyprinid minnow taken from a tributary of the Kei River system, eastern Cape Province, Barbus amatolicus sp. nov., is described. The Amatola barb is most similar to the widespread and sympatric chubbyhead barb (Barbus anoplus) and the redtail barb (Barbus gumeyl) but differs most clearly in male secondary sexual characteristics (breeding colours and nuptial tubercles).     

水牛体内发现菲策属吸虫一新种

1981年在浙江象山县水牛体内发现一种新的菲策属吸虫,体型粗短,长度小等,体长8.0～11.9毫米,宽4～5毫米,虫体中部两侧近平行;肠支扭曲,盲端仅达虫体中部,睾丸巨大,略带前后倾斜排列,与最近似种泰国菲策吸虫的区别在于后者外观呈瓜子形,肠支直而无扭曲,睾丸小而前后排列,卵巢呈球形。作者定名为水牛菲策吸虫(Fischoederius bubalis n.sp.)     

Afrotropical Culicoides: C (Avaritia) miombo sp. nov., a widespread species closely allied to C. (A.) imicola Kieffer, 1913 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

Culicoides (Avaritia) miombo sp. nov. is described and illustrated from both sexes collected in northern Malawi. Two references in the literature have previously referred to this new species as either C. brosseti Vattier & Adam or C. imicola Kieffer. A further 4 references are discussed that most likely deal with C. miombo sp. nov. and not C. brosseti. C. miombo sp. nov. is apparently widespread in subtropical and tropical Africa and is now recorded from Zimbabwe, Botswana, South Africa, Nigeria and the Ivory Coast. There are also probable records from Angola, Burkina Faso, Zambia and eastern Madagascar. On the African mainland, both north and south of the equator, the pattern of distribution of C. miombo sp. nov. correlates strongly with that of drier Guineo-Congolian rainforest, and Sudanian and Zambezian woodlands, the latter known as miombo in southern Africa. These phytochoria and associated biota are sensitive to frost and experience relatively high temperatures and rainfall-3 factors that appear to limit the distribution of C. miombo sp. nov. to north of the 20-22 degrees C mean annual temperature isotherms in southern Africa. The new species is a member of the Imicola group which consists of 6 species confined to the Afrotropical (including Madagascar), Oriental and eastern Palaearctic regions. One species has in historic times spread to Australia. The worldwide distribution of each species is briefly discussed. It is suggested that the Imicola and Orientalis groups are separate lineages within the subgenus Avaritia. Culicoides miombo sp. nov. is compared with its closest African congeners C. imicola, C. pseudopallidipennis Clastrier and C. bolitinos Meiswinkel; 15 character states are used to separate C. miombo sp. nov. and C. imicola. The female antennal and palpal measurements of C. miombo sp. nov. are subjected to statistical analysis to highlight their taxonomic usefulness. The larval habitat of C. miombo sp. nov. is unknown.     

盐池县人工封育草地植物生态位动态研究

通过2007、2009和2011年的实地调查,采用Levins生态宽度指数及Pianka生态位重叠指数研究了3种不同封育措施对宁夏盐池干旱半干旱区草地植物生态位的影响。结果表明,老封育区优势种为刺沙蓬(Salsola ruthenica)和阿尔泰狗娃花(Heteropappus altaicus),经过封育刺沙蓬的优势地位有所下降,阿尔泰狗娃花的优势地位有所上升;新封育区优势种为黑沙蒿（Artemisia ordosica）、刺沙蓬和丝叶山苦荬（Ixeris chinensis var.graminifolia）,经过封育刺沙蓬的优势地位有所下降,丝叶山苦荬的优势地位明显上升;对照区的优势种为黑沙蒿、沙蓬刺、苦豆子（Sophora alopecuroides）,经过封育黑沙蒿在3个时期均处于主导地位,沙蓬刺的生态位宽度稳中有所上升。老封育区优势物种之间的生态位重叠值经过封育呈下降趋势,新封育区呈上升趋势。     

Three new Chromadoropsis species (Nematoda,Desmodoridae) from Southern Africa and the North Sea

Three new Chromadoropsis species with four pharyngeal bulbi are described from Southern Africa, Namibia (S.W.A.) and the North Sea. C. granulosus sp.nov. is described from a sandy beach near Port Elizabeth. This species is characterized by a very distinct layer of yellow granules just below the cuticle. C. namibiensis sp.nov. is described from a sandy beach at Langstrand, Namibia. This species can be distinguished by the length and shape of the gubernaculum and spicules as well as the size of the capitulum. C. longispiculosa sp.nov. is described from the North Sea and is characterized by the long spicules and the presence of numerous porids. The genus Chromadoropsis Filipjev, 1918 is revised.     

中国柞蚕微粒子病病原的研究

从辽宁柞蚕分离出的两种微孢子虫,经光镜和电镜形态、寄生习性的研究结果,确定为柞蚕微粒子虫新种和修氏内网虫,在中国柞蚕微粒子病蚕中为首次发现。