庭竹

据报道，2006年往北京的绿化项目中．使用早园竹的工程越来越多．早园竹的销量比2005年同期上升50％。如朝阳区多个路段都使用了早园竹。其中白姚家园路段栽种了5000多株，整个景观超1万林。据介绍，朝阳区在2003年三环绿化工程就用了早园竹，随后部分小区和广场也应用了早园竹，目前，该区此竹的用量在逐渐加大。     

土壤因子对早园竹引种栽培的影响研究

通过3年试验研究，掌握了土壤肥力水平对早园竹生长的影响，早园竹在含盐量0．1％、pH值9．1的脱盐碱化土上能正常生长。     

浙江武康改造低产早园竹

截至2006年7月，浙江省德清县武康镇低产早园竹改造已达73多hm^2．提前超额完成了今年的预定计划。据悉，4年来该镇累计改造低产早园竹400hm^2，对提升当地经济效益产生了重要意义。武康镇有早园竹0．3万多hm^2，占德清县的“半壁江山”。如今，开发较早的老产区，部分竹园已出现衰老、衰败现象，成了连年减产、笋品质差、效益低下的低产林。从2003年开始．     

谈早园竹梅雨期移竹造林

谈早园竹梅雨期移竹造林宜兴市林场史纪明钱为民袁绍西早园竹又称早竹、燕竹。繁殖容易，成林迅速，出笋期早且发笋持续时间长、产量高，其笋味鲜美，是一种优良的笋用竹种，近几年来在江浙一带发展迅速。为了加快早园竹的发展进程，推动丘陵山区林业产业化的进程，我们根...     

信息

早园竹在北京需求上升据报道,2006年在北京的绿化项目中,使用早园竹的工程越来越多,早园竹的销量比2005年同期上升50%。如朝阳区多个路段都使用了早园竹。其中白姚家园路段栽种了5000多株,整个景观超1万株。据介绍,朝阳区在2003年三环绿化工程就用了早园竹,随后部分小区和广场也应用了早园竹,目前,该区此竹的用量在逐渐加大。——绿色时报庭竹唐.刘禹锡露涤铅粉节,风摇青玉枝。依依似君子,无地不相宜。中国将加强竹藤基础标准和产品标准制修订2006年7月林业(竹藤)标准培训班在北京举办。来自全国标准化管理委员会、承担项目的局直属单位、林…     

德清县早园竹培育管理技术

德清县的早园竹(Phyllostachys praecox)又称早竹,是一种栽植容易、收益快、经济效益高的笋用竹种。它的主要特点是出笋早,笋期长(3月初—4月底);大小年不明显,产量高(每亩年产竹笋1000—1500斤);笋味鲜美,营养丰富。德清县的早园竹生产有较长的历史,早在五十年代全县早园竹     

早园竹林地覆盖提早出笋技术

早园竹是优质高产笋用竹种，我市从 1993年开始，在山区综合开发中大面积引种栽培了该竹种。当早园竹林地达到合理的立竹数，鞭根分布良好的成林竹地，即可通过林地覆盖，以达到提早出笋，提高经济效益的目的。林地覆盖主要技术要点是： 　　早园竹林地的选择：应选择培育管理好的第 5年成林早园竹林地，且每 hm2立竹数均匀分布达 12 000株左右，才能有较高的产量，又有利于留养好种竹。 　　林地覆盖的时间：一般掌握在 12月中旬前后，过早覆盖竹笋质量差、效益低、更不利于留笋养竹。而选择适当的时间覆盖，既可满足节日市场的需要，且产…     

北京地区早园竹高生长规律及出笋长竹期的养护技术

本文以北京地区生长的早园竹（Phyllostachys propinqua）为研究对象,调查了早园竹的高度生长及竹林出笋规律。结果表明：竹笋的出笋时间不同,其成竹率也不同。出笋早的竹笋的成竹率较高;出笋越晚,竹笋的成竹率越低。据此可将早园竹的出笋期分为3个阶段：前期,中期,后期。3个阶段的时间大致相等,约为6-7d。前期笋的高生长期长、后期笋的高生长期短,它们高生长期的结束时间基本一致。早园竹的高生长遵循“慢一快一慢”规律,竹笋破土后14d和36d左右是高生长期的2个转折点,由此可将早园竹的高生长分为始期、盛期、末期3个阶段。早园竹的日最大高度生长量为51～75cm,占成竹平均高度的6．96％～9．04％。同时对早园竹出笋长竹期的养护技术进行了探讨。     

北京地区早园竹的栽培技术

早园竹在北京地区的栽植逐年扩大,由于缺乏栽培技术资料,经常造成成活率低和经济损失。我们通过多年的栽植实验,结合苗木的生产经验,从生物学特性、土地准备、繁育方法、栽后管理、出圃、病虫害防治和生长范围控制等方面较系统地总结出了早园竹的栽培技术。     

竹乡安吉添奇葩──大有“钱”途的早园竹蓬勃发展

竹乡安吉添奇葩──大有“钱”途的早园竹蓬勃发展郦章顺，董炳生被国家林业部首批命名为“中国竹子之乡”的浙江省安吉县，在坚持不懈地大抓科技兴竹兴笋、笋竹深加工增值的同时，大力改造“四荒”栽种早园竹，速度快，效益好，成为一个了不起的新的经济增长点。该县从１...     

林木低磷胁迫适应机制研究进展

土壤有效磷缺乏在自然环境中是一种非常普遍的现象,近年来世界各国针对植物的觅磷和耐磷机制进行了大量研究,然而目前相关的综述性报道多限于农作物,对林木低磷胁迫适应性的综述性报道尚不多见。在长期进化过程中,林木为利用土壤中现有的含量极低的有效磷,形成了各种适应低磷胁迫的机制。文中从林木根系的形态学变化、根系分泌物对土壤难溶性磷的活化作用、林木对土壤低浓度有效磷的吸收利用以及应对低磷胁迫的遗传调控等方面综述了低磷环境中林木的适应机制,为揭示林木对缺磷环境的适应机理、发掘林木自身对土壤有效磷高效率的吸收利用能力、以及进一步筛选林木的磷高效品种和合理经营管理人工林提供参考。     

An AHP Assessment Of Barriers in Adopting Sustainable Forest Management Practices in The Context Of Carbon Emission Reductions in Cameroon

ABSTRACT

As the role of forests in climate change mitigation is explicitly recognized in the Paris Agreement, the need to enhance the adoption of Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) practices is crucial. Therefore, this paper aims at identifying and evaluating barriers in adopting SFM practices in the context of forest carbon emission reductions. A total of 15 barriers in adopting SFM practices are listed through literature and expert inputs. Using Cameroon as a case study, the listed barriers are then evaluated by experts to determine their relative importance using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. According to our findings, the ‘Regulatory and Legislative frameworks’ barrier category was attributed to the highest importance among other categories, in adopting SFM practices in the forestry sector. ‘Inadequate political will and incentive to enforce regulations’ appears to be the major obstacle in adopting SFM practices in Cameroon. As carbon emission reduction initiatives are being developed, there is need to move from broad to concrete suggestions that will overcome these barriers. However, proper diagnosis is necessary in order to target barriers with the right incentives and enabling conditions that will support carbon programs and projects to deliver effective emission reductions.     

Estimating “autotrophic” belowground respiration in spruce and beech forests: decreases following girdling

Seasonal fluxes of CO₂ from soil and the contribution of autotrophic (root + mycorrhizal) to total soil respiration (SR) were estimated for a mixed stand of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) in Central Europe. Mature trees of each species were girdled in August 2002 to eliminate carbohydrate allocation to roots. SR was measured at distances of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5/2.0 m from the bole of each tree at 1–2 weeks intervals throughout the fall of 2002 and monthly during the spring and summer of 2003. The contribution of roots and mycorrhizae to total SR was estimated by the decrease in SR compared to ungirdled control trees to account for seasonal patterns evident in controls. SR decreased with soil temperature in the fall 2002 and increased again in 2003 as soil warmed. During most of the study period, SR was strongly related to soil temperature. During the dry summer of 2003, however, SR appeared to be uncoupled from temperature and was strongly related to soil water content (SWC). Mean rates of SR in beech and spruce control plots as well as root densities did not show a clear pattern with distance from the bole. SR decreased to levels below controls in beech within a few days after girdling, whereas spruce did not show a significant decrease until October 2002, 6 weeks after girdling. In both beech and spruce, decreased SR in response to girdling was greatest closest to the bole, possibly reflecting increased mycorrhizal activity close to the bole. Autotrophic respiration was estimated in beech to be as much as 50% of the total SR in the stand. The contribution of autotrophic respiration was less certain for spruce, although close to the bole, the autotrophic fraction may contribute to total SR as much as in beech. The large fraction of autotrophic respiration in total SR requires better understanding of tree level stresses that affect carbon allocation below ground.     

通过RNAi技术抑制杨树c3h基因表达提高糖转化效率

利用克隆得到的毛白杨c3h1基因构建其RNAi抑制表达载体,通过根癌农杆菌介导的叶盘法转化银腺杨无性系84 K,Realtime PCR检测表明其转基因株系323、325和322中c3h1基因表达量较野生型植株分别下调89.04%、82.22%和68.38%;茎横切片组化染色和显微结构观察表明转基因植株木质部发育和木质素沉积方式发生了改变;木质素、纤维素含量测定及苯酚—硫酸法总糖含量与HPLC法可溶性总糖和单糖含量检测结果表明:转基因植株木质素含量平均降低23.00%,最高可达39.71%;酸前处理效率最高提高了41.39%;未经酸处理直接酶解的糖化效率是对照植株的2.34～2.72倍,322株系和323株系比对照植株经酸前处理后再酶解的糖化效率高出81.18%和375.53%。     

丁营飞播区林分变化及经营管理措施的研究

根据1976年播后出苗率和成苗率调查,1987--1990年油松毛虫灾害对油松林分的影响,及1991年和2003年丁营飞播区森林资源清查资料,通过调查数据对比分析,丁营飞播区播后林分变化规律,符合近自然林业发展规律。面向整个丁营飞播区生态系统,依据近自然林业经营理念,研究丁营飞播区经营管理措施,实现林业经营目标的最大化。     

Risk Perception Among Non-industrial Private Forest Owners

Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken.     

江西省峡江县城市森林建设规划

以江西省峡江县城市森林为研究对象,通过对城市森林数量、布局等现状的调查和分析,提出了峡江县城市森林建设总体规划目标、总体布局以及建设内容。研究结果表明:按照规划实施,至2020年峡江县城市森林覆盖率将由2010年的60.5%升至68.0%,建成区绿地率由44.6%升至49.7%,建成区绿化覆盖率由49.9%升至53.2%,人均公共绿地面积由12.2m2升至15m2,城市森林生态效益将得到更大发挥,城市生态环境质量将显著提高。该规划的研究成果也将为其他县级城市森林建设规划提供参考。       

竹红眼玛弄蝶生物学研究

红眼玛弄蝶以幼虫在观赏竹上缀叶为虫苞，在苞在取食竹叶，幼虫5龄。在广东1a5代，越冬幼虫于3月上中旬开始取食，4月中旬化蛹，4月底5月初羽化成虫，从第1代起各代幼虫取食期分别为5月上旬到6月上旬，6月中旬到7月下旬，7月下旬到8月下旬，8月下旬到9月下旬，10月下旬到翌年4月下旬，各代成虫发生期从第1代起分别为4月底到5月中下旬，6月中旬到7月上旬，7月中旬和8月上旬，8月中旬到9月中旬，9月下旬到10月下旬。各代各虫态有重叠现象。     

唐山市采煤塌陷区湿地生物多样性调查及评价

湿地生物多样性评价是生物多样性保护和实现可持续发展的基础性工作,本研究采用全面调查、样地设置等多种方法对物种进行调查,运用物种多样性和生态系统多样性的指标体系对唐山市采煤塌陷区湿地生物多样性进行较全面的评价。