Selected herbal hazards.

One of the most important considerations in treating herbal ingestions is product quality assurance. Although most herbal companies are reputable, there are numerous reports of adulterated products (addition of substances not noted on the label). This has been particularly true of Chinese herbal products, which frequently contain pharmaceutical agents. Plant identification errors occur, and entire batches of product have been mixed using the wrong herb. In some cases, labels are written in a foreign language or only contain directions for mixing, making interpretation difficult. In cases where a known ingestion produces unexpected clinical signs, the potential for adulteration or other errors should be considered. When a product is not standardized, a consumer cannot be sure what dose of active constituents has been used or how bioavailable the product may be. Standardization also provides assurance that the actual herb is in the product [26]. Clients who use herbal products should be advised to treat them as a medication and to keep them away from pets. Specifically, ask clients if they take or use any natural or herbal products. Many people do not consider these substances drugs or assume, "If natural, it is harmless." Clients should be encouraged to learn about the herbal and neutraceutical products they are taking or giving their pets. Owners need to discuss the proper use of herbal products in pets with their veterinarian. Clients can be encouraged to discuss alternative therapies by discussing a pet's diagnosis and suggested treatments thoroughly. Discuss the client's expectations and opinions of alternative and conventional medicine. Issues of safety and efficacy must be fully explained to clients. Clients should be encouraged to report potential adverse reactions or to discuss different routes of therapy if a pet's medical condition is not improving. Clients who want to use alternative medical treatments should obtain a thorough medical workup so as to make a correct diagnosis and be referred to a veterinarian trained in alternative medicine. In choosing an alternative medicine practitioner, the same criteria would be used as for any other specialist: education, training, and professionalism [14].     

Occupational health hazards in veterinary medicine: zoonoses and other biological hazards

This study describes biological hazards reported by veterinarians working in western Canada obtained through a self-administered mailed questionnaire. The potential occupational hazards included as biological hazards were zoonotic disease events, exposure to rabies, injuries due to bites and scratches, and allergies. Only 16.7% (136/812) of responding veterinarians reported the occurrence of a zoonosis or exposure to rabies in the past 5 years; the most commonly reported event was ringworm. Most bites and scratches (86%) described by 586 veterinarians involved encounters with cats; 81% of the resulting 163 infections were due to cat bites or scratches. Approximately 38% of participants reported developing an allergy during their career, with 41% of the affected individuals altering the way they practiced in response to their allergy.     

Occupational health hazards in veterinary medicine: physical, psychological, and chemical hazards

This paper reports physical, psychological, and chemical hazards relevant to western Canadian veterinarians as obtained by a self-administered mailed questionnaire. Nine-three percent (750/806) of veterinarians reported some form of injury during the previous 5 years; 17% of respondents (131/791) indicated injuries that resulted in 1 or more days off work. Median stress levels were similar across work environments; overall, 7% (57/813) indicated either no stress or severe stress, while 53% (428/813) indicated moderate stress. Twenty percent (3/15) of food animal practitioners and 37% (114/308) of companion animal practitioners who took X-rays reported accidental exposure. Accidental exposure to gas anesthetic was reported by 69% (394/570) of those in private practice. Exposure to chemicals occurred in all work environments. Veterinarians in western Canada are at risk of minor to severe injury due to both animal and non-animal related causes.     

美国核电厂执照更新体系及方法研究

我国第一批核电厂运行至今,已超过20年。世界上其他国家普遍会对运行执照将要到期的核电厂进行安全评估,进而延寿。美国作为发展核电最早的国家之一,其核电技术、法规体系被广泛借鉴。本文主要研究美国核电厂执照更体系,为我国未来核电厂老化管理及延寿提供参考。     

家禽养殖场的人员健康危害因素：安全第一

在过去20年中,家禽行业取得了迅猛的发展,这一发展很可能是该行业各个生产部门（如养殖场、孵化场、屠宰加工厂和饲料厂）员工长期不断奉献的结果。这些员工每天处于职业和环境引起的健康危害之中,主要的健康危害因素包括接触气源性病菌、受伤以及感染人畜共患传染病。养殖场员工,特别是未经培训的新员工,通常处于较高的健康风险之中。此外,那些生活在家禽养殖场、孵化场、屠宰加工厂附近居民可能也会通过空气、水和土壤接触这些健康危害因素。     

Toxicological hazards in warble fly eradication programmes

This paper reviews the experience of the last decade involving the large-scale use of systemic organophosphorus insecticides for the control of the warble fly (Hypoderma spp.). The information is drawn from the so far unique national eradication programme in Eire and from other countries where these products have been widely used.An attempt is made to differentiate between direct toxic effects of the drug used, reactions due to parasite destruction, and disease processes circumstantially associated with the treatment.It is emphasized that, for an eradication programme to be successful, several criteria must be met. (1) The stock owners must clearly recognize the slight, but always present, toxicological hazard. Such toxicities are not always easy to anticipate or diagnose. (2) Adequate compensation must be available to satisfy genuine claims for death or financial loss. (3) An efficient and acceptable service must be available to investigate complaints quickly and effectively.     

资源植物藏茵陈的研究进展

本文对藏茵陈资源以及藏茵陈在分子生物学、指纹图谱、胚胎学、组织培养等方面的研究进展进行了综述.     

资源植物藏茵陈的研究进展

本文对藏茵陈资源以及藏茵陈在分子生物学、指纹图谱、胚胎学、组织培养等方面的研究进展进行了综述。