猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒河南分离株ORF5基因的克隆与变异分析

从河南郑州、新乡、周口不同地区猪场的急性病猪中分离到3株猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproduc-tive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV),分别命名为PRRSV Hn-1/06、PRRSV Hn-2/06和PRRSV Hn-3/06,细胞中和试验证实其血清型与美洲型一致。利用RT-PCR方法克隆了它们的ORF5基因,并对其基因序列和推导的氨基酸序列与7个不同来源的PRRSV毒株进行了同源性和亲缘关系比较分析,结果表明,3个分离株之间的ORF5基因及其推导的氨基酸均同源性均大于95.5%;与VR-2332标准北美洲株和疫苗株RespPRRS MLV间的同源性均低于与中国CH-1a毒株,而与流行的欧洲株间的同源性均低于54.5%。同时对推导氨基酸序列与6个北美洲型PRRSV株进行变异分析比较,证实其推导氨基酸序列发生了变异,特别是中和位点处第39位明显不同,表明河南省流行的PRRSV为北美洲型的变异株。     

浙江省猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒ORF5基因的遗传变异分析

为了解2004-2009年猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV) ORF5基因的变异情况,从浙江省各个地区采集了109份临床疑似病料,共检测到61份ORF5基因阳性,经序列测定得到可比序列11 7个.在核苷酸序列分析中,发现2004-2005年PRRSV ORF5序列之间同源性为83.6％～99.3％,2006年同源性最高达98.3～99.2％,2008-2009年同源性又有所降低.在氨基酸主要位点分析中,分离毒株的非中和表位27～～30位点与美洲株相比,2004-2006年大部分毒株的29 aa由A29-V29,而2007-2009年大部分毒株的29 aa又由V29-A29;在表位37～45 aa中,所有39位点处由L39”一I39;在表位80～197 aa中,从2004-2009年185 aa大部分都发生了变异,由V185-A185,第189位点由I189-L189.在蛋白生化特性分析中,发现与参考株VR2332 (AY150564)和CH la(AY032626)相比,浙江省PRRSV-GP5蛋白的第100～106位亲水性、表面可及性明显增加,抗原性指数也有所提高,而与参考毒株JX-06-2-EU480750相似.该试验结果说明随着时间的推移,PRRSV ORF5基因发生明显的变异.     

Identification of genetically diverse sequences (ORF 5) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in a swine herd.

The ability of genetically diverse strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) to coexist in a 1750-sow farm was assessed through the case study describing a chronically infected farm, and also by an animal experiment involving the use of swine bioassay. The case study employed a program of monitoring sera from suckling, nursery, and finishing pigs for the presence of PRRSV by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and virus isolation (VI). The swine bioassay tested homogenates, consisting of lymphoid and pulmonary tissues, collected from 60 breeding animals from the same farm. The open reading frame (ORF) 5 portion of selected positive PRRSV detected from sera or tissues were nucleic acid sequenced and their phylogenies compared. The results indicated the presence of 3 genetically diverse groups, designated PRRSV-A, -B, and -C. Sequence heterology ranged from 5.8 to 11% between groups. Sequence homology ranged from 98.7 to 99.8% within groups. Swine bioassay verified the presence of PRRSV-A in 1 of 60 animals, and no evidence of strains B or C were detected. This paper indicates that based on the evaluation of ORF 5, genetically diverse strains of PRRSV appear to coexist, although the frequency and significance of this observation is not understood.     

2007-2010年河北省部分地区猪繁殖与呼吸综合征分子流行病学

为了弄清河北省秦皇岛、唐山、廊坊、邯郸等部分地区流行的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）的ORF5和Nsp2基因变异情况,对采自以上地区在2007—2010年期间的临床发病猪肺组织,提取其RNA,通过RT—PCR扩增样本中PRRSV的ORF5和Nsp2基因,对目的基因测序,并以VR-2332、CH—la、MLV、LV、HB-1、HB-2、JXA1、HUB1、HEB1等毒株为参考序列,进行序列分析和进化树分析。扩增出42个ORF5基因,14个Nsp2基因,通过完整的ORF5和部分Nsp2基因序列比较分析发现所有毒株均为美洲型,且大多数毒株与国内2006—2007年间分离的JXA1、HUB1、HEB1等高致病力毒株同源关系很近。42个ORF5基因编码的氨基酸序列分析表明GP5蛋白的糖基化位点数量和位置已发生变异,主要中和表位存在氨基酸变异（L／F^35→I^39）,与毒力相关的13位和151位点为强毒株的氨基酸特性（R^13、R^151）。14个Nsp2基因推导的氨基酸系列比较发现,1株PRRSV Nsp2基因未发生缺失突变,而剩余的13个毒株Nsp2基因均发生了氨基酸缺失,在481位和532～560位2处分别缺失1和29个氨基酸。系统发育进化树结果显示河北部分地区流行株分为2个小分支,1个毒株与HB-1聚为1支;河北流行株的大多数毒株在另一个分支,与高致病力毒株JXA1等聚为一支。本研究结果揭示了河北省部分地区流行的PRRSV ORF5和Nsp2基因的变异特征,丰富了河北省的PRRSV分子流行病学资料,提示要针对ORF5和Nsp2基因的变异采取PRRSV的防控措施。     

上海地区野鸟和家禽中PRRSV抗体的血清学调查

2005年3～5月，采用ELISA法对来自于上海地区的208份野鸟和357份家禽的血清样品进行了猪繁殖和呼吸综合征病毒（porcine reproductive andrespiratory syndrome virus，PRRSV）抗体的血清学调查。结果表明，受检的5种家禽存有不同程度的抗体阳性率，而野鸟的阳性样品集中于绿头鸭和麻雀。     

猪繁殖与呼吸道综合征病毒(PRRSV)单克隆抗体的研制

利用猪繁殖与呼吸道综合征病毒（ＰＲＲＳＶ）国内分离株Ｊ１,采用反复差速离心法制备免疫抗原,长程免疫法免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠,用间接ＥＬＩＳＡ方法检测抗体,通过细胞融合技术,并经３次亚克隆获得了１０株能稳定分泌抗ＰＲＲＳＶ单抗的杂交瘤细胞单克隆株（Ａ１Ｄ７Ｈ１０,Ａ１Ｄ７Ｈ１１,Ａ１Ｅ７Ｈ９,Ａ１Ｅ７Ｄ９,Ａ２Ｄ８Ｅ７,Ａ２Ｄ８Ｂ１１,Ｂ３Ｄ１１Ｄ６,Ｂ２Ｇ９Ａ９,Ｂ２Ｇ９Ｆ２）。这些细胞经体外连续传     

精液和流产胎儿猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒ORF5基因的序列分析

猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒(PRRSV)是一种单股正链RNA病毒,其基因组包括8个开放阅读框(ORF),其中变异最大的是ORF5基因,它的变异可以在一定程度上反映PRRSV的变异情况[1~3],因而ORF5基因可作为分子流行病学调查的对象。本试验通过RT-PCR检测广西某猪场的公猪精液和流产胎儿有PRRSV的存在。PRRSV在猪体内持续感染过程中,会有准种或病毒亚群的出现[4],但是,PRRSV通过精液的传播是否也出现类似情况,目前尚未见有报道。因此,我们对精液与流产胎儿的PRRSV的ORF5基因进行了扩增、克隆和序列分析,并比较精液和流产胎儿PRRSV…     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒ORF7基因的克隆及其在毕赤酵母中表达

用RT-PCR扩增猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)重庆分离株C14-2的ORF7基因(384 bp),构建克隆质粒pMD19-T-ORF7,经EcoR Ⅰ /Not Ⅰ双酶切回收ORF7基因插入酵母表达载体pPIC9K,构建了重组表达质粒pPIC9K-ORF7,进行PCR鉴定和双酶切鉴定.鉴定的pPIC9K-ORF7经Sac Ⅰ线性化后电转化毕赤酵母宿主菌GS115,筛选获得阳性重组菌GS115(pPIC9K-ORF7),再经G-418/YPD筛选获得高拷贝重组菌,重组子经表型鉴定为Mut.重组菌GS115(pPIC9K-ORF7)经甲醇诱导表达,在96 h表达的N蛋白量最大,N蛋白经SDS-PAGE鉴定大小约为15 000;Western blot表明N蛋白能与美洲型PRRSV阳性血清发生特异性反应,具有良好的反应活性.本研究为开展PRRSV ORF7基因在毕赤酵母中表达及应用奠定基础.     

PRRSV XH-GD株NSP7缺失感染性克隆的构建

PRRSV的非结构蛋白NSP7是病毒的一种高度保守的非结构蛋白,NSP7可以进一步水解产生NSP7α,NSP7β。目前对于NSP7的研究相对较少,对其生物学功能尚不清楚。为了进一步了解PRRSV NSP7对于病毒的复制的作用,本试验通过反向遗传平台在PRRSV XH-GD全长病毒骨架中分别对NSP7α,NSP7β,NSP7编码区进行缺失,构建NSP7以及NSP7部分缺失株的全长cDNA的重组质粒,并对构建的重组质粒进行病毒拯救。结果表明,对NSP7α,NSP7β,NSP7缺失对病毒的拯救是致死性的,推测NSP7对于病毒的复制具有重要作用,本研究结果对于NSP7的相关功能研究提供一定的参考依据。     

Genetics and geographical variation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in Thailand

The Thai isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were obtained from the Chulalongkorn University-Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (CU-VDL). Virus isolation was confirmed by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA) using SDOW-17. The virus genotype was determined using nested multiplex RT-PCR (nm RT-PCR) of ORF 1b. The nm RT-PCR was able to detect at least 10TCID50/ml of PRRSV. Of 137 Thai isolates, 66.42% belonged to the European (EU) genotype and 33.58% to the North American (US) genotype. ORF5 products of the eight US strains (00CS1, 01NP1, 01UD6, 02CB13, 02KK1, 02PB1, 02SP2 and 02SP3) and the six EU strains (01CB1, 01RB1, 02BR1, 02CB12, 02SB2 and 03RB1) were sequenced for genetic variation analysis. The US strains of the Thai isolates are clustered within the same group and are more closely related to the IAF-EXP91 from Canada (89-90% nucleotide identity), whereas the EU strains were very similar to the EU prototype, Lelystad virus (87-97.5% nucleotide identity). The ORF5 nucleotide identities within the US genotype tested in this study compared to the US prototype, VR-2332 varied from 83.7 to 85.2%, whereas 83.5-85.5% amino acid identities were found. Based on the phylogenetic tree, each pair of the Thai isolates (01NP1 and 02KK1, 00CS1 and 01UD6, and 01CB1 and 01RB1) was identical despite they were collected from different provinces. Therefore, there was no geographic influence on the spreading of PRRSV in Thailand. Interestingly, 02CB12 (EU genotype) shared over 99% similarity of the ORF5 nucleotide sequence and 98.6% of amino acid identity with the European vaccine, Porcillis (AF378819). However, modified live virus vaccines for PRRSV have not yet been used in the swine population in Thailand. The results suggested that both US and EU genotypes exist in Thailand, genetic variation does occur in both genotypes, and the sources of the viruses appear to be from Canada and Northern Europe, respectively. In addition, the spreading of PRRSV in Thailand might be due to introducing infected replacement pigs or infected semen into the farm.     

Genetic analysis of ORF5 of recent Korean porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses (PRRSVs) in viremic sera collected from MLV-vaccinating or non-vaccinating farms

The 23 open reading frame (ORF) 5 sequences of Korean type II porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were collected from viremic sera from the (modified live vaccine) MLV-vaccinating and non-vaccinating farms from 2007 to 2008. The samples were phylogenetically analyzed with previous ORF5 sequences, including type I Korean PRRSV, and previously reported or collected sequences from 1997 to 2008. A MN184-like subgroup of type II Korean PRRSV was newly identified in the viremic sera collected from 2007 to 2008. And of the type I PRRSVs, one subgroup had 87.2~88.9% similarity with the Lelystad virus, showing a close relationship with the 27~2003 strain of Spain. The maximum parsimony tree of type II PRRSV from 1997 to 2008 showed that they had evolved to four lineages, subgroups 1, 2, 3 and 4. Most of the recently collected type II PRRSVs belonged to subgroup 4 (48%). The region of three B-cell epitopes and two T-cell epitopes of ORF5 amino acids sequences was considerably different from the MLV in subgroups 3 and 4. In conclusion, the existence of type I PRRSV, which was genetically different from Lelystad virus (Prototype of type I PRRSV), and heterologous type II PRRSVs of viremic pigs detected even in the MLV-vaccinating farms indicated the need for new vaccine approaches for the control of PRRSV in Korea.     

Genetic diversity analysis of the ORF5 gene in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus samples from South China

To understand the genetic diversity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in South China, we collected 231 clinical samples from pigs with suspected PRRSV infection in Guangdong between 2007 and 2009. We found that 74 of 231 samples were positive by RT-PCR. The PCR products of the ORF5 gene of 35 isolates from different farms were sequenced and their DNA sequences were compared to 23 other PRRSV isolates in the GenBank. We found that the nucleotide similarity among all South China isolates ranged from 87.6% to 100%, and all belonged to the North American genotype. Most of them were classified into subgenotype I, but the rest mapped to subgenotypes III, V or VI. Those in subgenotypes I and III were found to be highly variable in the primary neutralising epitope (PNE) with a specific amino acid mutation (F39/L39→I39), and a few isolates in subgenotypes I and III isolates also had a mutation at L41 (L41→S41). PRRSV isolates in subgenotypes III, V and VI had less potential glycosylation sites than those in subgenotype I. Our data contribute to the understanding of molecular variation of PRRSV in South China.     

PRRSV山西株ORF5和Nsp2基因序列分析

采用RT-PCR方法对2009—2011年山西省分离的5株猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV）的ORF5和Nsp2（2503～3269nt）基因进行克隆和测序,并对其基因序列和推导的氨基酸序列与国内外毒株进行了同源性分析。序列分析结果显示,5株分离株Nsp2基因与国内分离的PRRSV变异株（JXA1、HuN、HUN4、HUB1）的序列同源性最高,为96．8％～98．2％,且缺失位置一致,均存在2个位点30个氨基酸缺失;ORF5基因大小为603bp,编码200个氨基酸,第13、151位均为具有强毒特性的精氨酸（R）,137位为丝氨酸（S）,表明这5株均为野毒株,与国内分离的PRRSV变异株（JXA1、HuN、HUN4、HUB1）毒株的序列同源性最高,为96．5％～98．0％。结果表明,山西省内目前流行的PRRSV为Nsp2缺失30个氨基酸的变异毒株。     

Synergism between porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Salmonella choleraesuis in swine

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Salmonella choleraesuis are two leading causes of economic loss in the swine industry. While respiratory disease is common in both S. choleraesuis and PRRSV infections, the factors that contribute to its development remain largely undefined. We investigated the interaction of PRRSV, S. choleraesuis, and stress in 5-week-old swine. All combinations of three factors (inoculation with S. choleraesuis on Day 0, PRRSV on Day 3, and treatment with dexamethasone on Days 3-7) were used to produce eight treatment groups in two independent trials. Fecal samples, tonsil and nasal swabs, serum samples and postmortem tissues were collected for bacteriologic and virologic examinations. No clinical signs were observed in pigs inoculated with only PRRSV or only S. choleraesuis. In contrast, pigs which were dually infected with S. choleraesuis and PRRSV exhibited unthriftiness, rough hair coats, dyspnea, and diarrhea. The pigs which received all three treatment factors were the most severely affected and 43% (three of seven) of the animals in this group died. Individuals in this group shed significantly higher quantities of S. choleraesuis in feces and had significantly higher serum PRRSV titers compared to other treatments (p < or = 0.05). In addition, S. choleraesuis and PRRSV were shed longer and by more pigs in this group than other groups and S. choleraesuis was recovered from more tissues in this group on Day 21 post inoculation. These results suggested that PRRSV, S. choleraesuis, and dexamethasone acted synergistically to produce a syndrome similar to that observed in the field.     

PRRSV山西株ORF5和Nsp2基因序列分析

采用RT-PCR方法对2009-2011年山西省分离的5株猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)的ORF5和Nsp2(2 503³ 269nt)基因进行克隆和测序,并对其基因序列和推导的氨基酸序列与国内外毒株进行了同源性分析。序列分析结果显示,5株分离株Nsp2基因与国内分离的PRRSV变异株(JXA1、HuN、HUN4、HUB1)的序列同源性最高,为96.8%3 269nt)基因进行克隆和测序,并对其基因序列和推导的氨基酸序列与国内外毒株进行了同源性分析。序列分析结果显示,5株分离株Nsp2基因与国内分离的PRRSV变异株(JXA1、HuN、HUN4、HUB1)的序列同源性最高,为96.8%⁹8.2%,且缺失位置一致,均存在2个位点30个氨基酸缺失;ORF5基因大小为603bp,编码200个氨基酸,第13、151位均为具有强毒特性的精氨酸(R),137位为丝氨酸(S),表明这5株均为野毒株,与国内分离的PRRSV变异株(JXA1、HuN、HUN4、HUB1)毒株的序列同源性最高,为96.5%98.2%,且缺失位置一致,均存在2个位点30个氨基酸缺失;ORF5基因大小为603bp,编码200个氨基酸,第13、151位均为具有强毒特性的精氨酸(R),137位为丝氨酸(S),表明这5株均为野毒株,与国内分离的PRRSV变异株(JXA1、HuN、HUN4、HUB1)毒株的序列同源性最高,为96.5%⁹8.0%。结果表明,山西省内目前流行的PRRSV为Nsp2缺失30个氨基酸的变异毒株。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒ORF5基因的遗传变异和系统进化分析

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)毒株间变异广泛,而且这种变异能够筛选出强毒株。在结构蛋白中GP5的变异率最高,其变异能够导致病毒毒力的变化。为了确定PRRSV在我国的进化趋势和毒力增强的原因,对从2003年以来分离到14株PRRSV GP5蛋白的核苷酸序列和推导的氨基酸序列进行分析并构建了系统进化树。结果显示2006年以来从国内分离的毒株其糖基化位点发生了明显改变,并且在系统进化树上形成了新的分支,进化分析显示它们可能来源于1995年的中国分离株CH-1 a。     

南方三省猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒分子流行病学调查研究

根据VR2332和CH-1aE基因序列设计一对特异性引物，对广西、广东、海南三省15个猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒毒株E基因进行RT-PCR扩增，将扩增出的668bp片段插入pMD18-T载体中，进行序列测定。结果显示，15个毒株的E基因核苷酸序列之间的相似性为84．1％～100％，推导编码的氨基酸序列之间的相似性为81．1％～100％；与VR2332、CH-1a、LV株核苷酸之间的相似性分别为85．4％～98．5％、87．1％～96．2％、62．5％～63．8％，与VR2332、CH-1a、LV株氨基酸之间的相似性分别为83．1％～95．5％、86．1％～95．0％、51．7％～57．2％，表明15个毒株的E基因区域变异较大，均属美洲型。将15个流行毒株与国内外已发表的37株猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒相应序列进行比较，建立的遗传进化树表明这15个毒株分别属于3个亚群。推导编码氨基酸的比较结果表明，分别属于不同亚群的不同地区流行的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒毒株在E基因编码蛋白的潜在糖基化位点数目、抗原表位区域和与毒力相关的氨基酸等均存在变异。     

6株高致病性PRRSV ORF5基因的遗传变异分析

为了监测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)流行毒株的基因变异情况,对四川省2014-2015年蓝耳病发病猪场分离到的6株PRRSV毒株ORF5基因进行了克隆测序及序列分析。同源性分析表明,6株PRRSV分离株ORF5基因核苷酸(氨基酸)与VR2332株的同源性为88.9%~89.4%(86.5%~88.7%),与CH-1a株同源性为93.7%~94.7%(90%~92%),与JXA1株同源性为97.2%~98.5%(95%~97%),与美国新出现的变异株NADC30同源性为85.9%~86.7%(85.5%~87.5%),与欧洲型代表株Lelystad virus同源性为62.7%~63.7%(56.5%~57.5%)。遗传进化树分析表明,6株PRRSV与JXA1、HuN4等高致病毒株亲缘关系近,并位于同一分支。氨基酸序列分析表明,6株PRRSV ORF5基因编码氨基酸在PRRSV毒力相关位点aa13、aa151和区分野毒与疫苗毒的位点aa137均与JXA1、HUN4等强毒株相同,表明6个分离株均为较强的野毒株。在中和表位(aa37~aa45)和非中和表位(aa27~aa30,aa180~aa197)等区域与国内外参考毒株VR2332、CH-1a、JXA1、HUN4、NADC30、HENAN-XINX、JL580等相比,也出现了不同程度的变异。抗原性分析结果表明,6株PRRSV ORF5基因编码产物的抗原表位主要位于aa30~aa39,aa50~aa60,aa128~aa132,aa136~aa141,aa146~aa155,aa161~aa183,aa191~aa200,与JXA1具有相似的抗原性特征,而与VR2332差异较大,主要表现在aa30~aa39相较于VR2332株抗原区域明显变窄。而在6个分离株中,SN9的抗原表位明显低于其他任何毒株。本研究结果表明,四川省PRRSV流行毒株仍然为JXA1变异株,但在当前高频度活疫苗免疫下,其基因的变异和抗原表位的改变在加剧,需加强对PRRSV基因变异的监控。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒结构蛋白基因ORF3、ORF5和ORF6在真核细胞中表达

用PCR方法从重组质粒pOKCH-1a扩增出猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒结构蛋白基因ORF3、ORF5、ORF6,将它们分别定向克隆到含有鸡β-actin启动子的高效真核表达载体pCAGGS的多克隆位点,经酶切、PCR及测序分析,筛选鉴定出含有ORF3、ORF5、ORF6基因的重组质粒,分别命名为pCAGGS-ORF3、pCAGGS- ORF5、DCAGGS-ORF6。将重组质粒纯化后转染293T细胞,用RT-PCR扩增出了特征性的基因片段,并采用特异性单抗进行间接免疫荧光检测,结果在胞浆内有亮绿色荧光,而在细胞膜上没有见到荧光,这说明表达的蛋白在胞浆内而不在细胞膜上。通过Westerm blot检测确定表达的GP3、GP5和M蛋白的分子量分别为42 Ku、25 Ku和19 Ku。本试验结果为进一步研究PRRSV膜蛋白伪病毒粒子及DNA疫苗奠定了基础。