两株高致病性PRRSV湖北分离株ORF5与Nsp2基因序列分析

2013年从湖北两个发病猪场采集疑似猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病料,接种Marc-145细胞,可致明显细胞病变,各分离到1株猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(HBHS株和HBXN株)。采用RTPCR方法,对ORF5基因序列和Nsp2基因部分序列进行扩增并测序,并用DNA MAN软件将测序结果与国内外发表的13株参考毒株进行比对分析。结果显示,2株分离株Nsp2基因与国内高致病性JXA1、GD2007、GD2008毒株的氨基酸同源性很高,介于98.5%~99.5%;且该基因与国内其他变异株有完全一致的缺失特征;ORF5基因与国内高致病性毒株的氨基酸同源性为98.1%~99.5%,且系统进化树遗传距离很近,同处一个基因群中,而与CH-1a等经典毒株较远。这两株分离株均属于PRRSV美洲型变异株,此结论为该病的防治及疫苗的设计奠定了基础。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒ORF7基因的遗传变异分析

从GenBank中随机选取25株猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)的全基因序列进行同源性分析并构建了基因进化树,同时对PRRSV ORF7基因序列进行遗传变异分析,发现PRRSV美洲株之间或欧洲株之间的ORF7基因相对保守,但美洲株和欧洲株的ORF7基因的核苷酸及氨基酸同源性较低.说明建立的针对N蛋白的多种检测方法在高致病性PRRSV肆虐的现今仍具有实用性.     

PRRSV ZQ-GD-2010株的分离及ORF5和ORF7基因的序列分析

为了给研制基因工程疫苗选取毒株奠定基础,研究采集广东肇庆某猪场疑似患高热症猪的病料,通过RT-PCR检测、病毒分离传代,证实分离到1株猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒,命名为ZQ-GD-2010株,并对其ORF5和ORF7基因进行序列测定,绘制遗传进化树。结果表明:该毒株为美洲型,其ORF5和ORF7基因核苷酸与近年来我国分离到的美洲型毒株的相似性为96%～100%,而与欧洲型毒株LV株的相似性仅为58.9%～62.8%;其与2007—2009年国内分离株的遗传演化关系较近。     

2013年-2014年江西地区PRRSV分离株NSP2及ORF5基因的遗传变异分析

为研究江西地区猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV) ORF5基因的变异情况及NSP2基因的结构特征,采用RT-PCR方法扩增了12份江西地区猪场疑似患PRRS的猪肺脏样品中的ORF5全序列和NSP2部分序列,应用DNAStar和Mega 6.0等软件对所得序列进行同源性比对及遗传变异分析。12株PRRSV ORF5核苷酸同源性为83.7%~99.8%,氨基酸同源性为82.1%~99.5%;与参考毒株JXA1、VR-2332和LV的核苷酸同源性分别为84.9%~99.7%、85.2%~91.0%和62.4%~64.8%。对阳性病料进行了NSP2基因部分序列的扩增,测序结果显示12株PRRSV均属于美洲型毒株,12株PRRSV的NSP2部分序列均存在30个氨基酸的不连续缺失,与高致病性PRRSV有相同的缺失特征。12株PRRSV的ORF5遗传进化树分析显示,10株与高致病性PRRSV处在同一进化分支,进一步说明高致病性PRRSV已成为江西地区的优势流行毒株。     

Oral fluid samples used for PRRSV acclimatization program and sow performance monitoring in endemic PRRS-positive farms

An effective gilt acclimatization program is one of the most important management strategies for controlling porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection. Recently, oral fluid samples have been used as alternative diagnostic samples for various swine diseases. This study utilized oral fluids for PRRSV monitoring during the gilt acclimatization period in PRRSV endemic farms. The study was performed in two selected commercial breeding herds (farm A and farm B). PRRSV RNA and PRRSV-specific antibodies were monitored using oral fluid and serum samples. Sow performance parameters related to PRRSV infection were recorded and assessed. After PRRSV exposure during acclimatization, viral RNA was demonstrated in oral fluids from 1 to 10 weeks post-exposure (WPE). PRRSV RNA was detected in serum at 1 and 4 WPE in farm A and at 1, 4, 8, and 12 WPE in farm B. Prolonged viremia of gilts from farm B was possibly due to re-infection (within the herd) and later, reproductive problems were found in the breeding herd. The correlation of PRRSV RNA concentration in oral fluids and serum was evident. The S/P ratio values of PRRSV antibodies in oral fluid samples were higher and had similar patterns of antibody responses to the serum samples. The results suggest that the use of oral fluid samples for PRRSV monitoring during gilt acclimatization in endemic farms is effective, convenient, practical, and economical and would be most beneficial when used with other parameters.     

杂交野猪猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒分离及其ORF6、ORF7基因的序列分析

试验旨在研究杂交野猪猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, PRRSV) 辽宁分离株的遗传变异情况及分子生物学特征.用Marc-145细胞从辽宁某杂交野猪场疑似猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, PRRS)病猪血液中分离到1株病毒,该分离毒株经Marc-145细胞6次传代后出现稳定的细胞病变,采用RT-PCR方法对分离病毒进行ORF6和ORF7基因的扩增、克隆和测序,并与已知序列毒株的相应片段进行同源性比对.结果表明,分离毒株的ORF6、ORF7基因与国内外美洲型毒株的核苷酸同源性分别为96.0%～100.0%、94.5%～99.4%;氨基酸同源性分别为89.6%～100.0%、87.3%～98.7%;与欧洲型代表毒株LV的ORF6、ORF7基因差异较大,核苷酸同源性分别为70.4%、70.1%,氨基酸同源性分别为48.8%、49.7%.推测辽宁杂交野猪体内分离毒株在基因型上属于美洲型毒株.     

广东省PRRSV流行株的分离鉴定及其Nsp2、ORF3、ORF5基因的遗传变异分析

为了探究广东省猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)的流行情况,分析所分离毒株的分子遗传进化特征,本研究用RT-PCR方法对广东11个地区66个养殖场的189份病料进行了PRRSV的检测,结果表明,样本的PRRSV总阳性率为48.7%(92/189),其中变异株占63.0%(58/92);阳性病例样本经处理后接种Marc-145细胞,成功分离到9株PRRSV。对分离到的9个毒株进行ORF3、ORF5基因和Nsp2主要变异区基因的扩增、克隆、测序和遗传变异分析。序列分析结果发现,其中2株Nsp2基因没有缺失,7株病毒的Nsp2基因发生了与高致病性PRRSV毒株相同的缺失,即第481位有一个氨基酸缺失,第532-560位有连续29个氨基酸缺失。同源性分析表明,分离毒株GDYF、GDZC、GDEP、GDSD、GDSH2、GDTH1、GDTH2与国内的HB-1(sh)/2002毒株及其它高致病性PRRSV同源性较高;GDX071108和GDSH1则与VR2332、RespPRRSVMLV、CH-1a的同源性较高,分离株之间的同源性为60.3%-100.0%。系统进化分析发现,GDX071108与PA8和RespPRRSVMLV的亲缘关系很近,与VR2332亲缘关系较近;而GDYF、GDZC、GDEP、GDSD、GDSH2、GDTH1、GDTH2则与JXA1、GD、HUB1、HUB2、HN2、HUN1、HNyz、HEB1、HUN4都在HB-1(sh)/2002的同一分支上。     

两株高致病性PRRSV ORF6和ORF7基因克隆及序列分析

应用RT PCR方法从实验室分离的两株高致病性PRRSV SX、ZQ株中扩增出ORF6和ORF7,将其分别克隆、测序。用DNAStar 软件分析所测序列,并与VR 2332株、LV株、周边国家及国内分离株进行核苷酸和推导氨基酸同源性比较,并绘制系统进化树,结果ORF6、ORF7核苷酸与北美洲型的同源性为91.1％～100％,与欧洲型的同源性为66.2％～70.7％,推导氨基酸与北美洲型的同源性为91.2％～100％,与欧洲型的同源性为62.3％～82.3％。证明新分离到的PRRSV SX株、ZQ株仍属北美洲型。SX株ORF6、ORF7核苷酸与国内新分离到的高致病性PRRSV JXA1株同源性分别为99.8%、100%;ZQ株ORF6、ORF7核苷酸与国内新分离到的高致病性PRRSV JXA1株同源性分别为99.6%、99.7%。     

山东PRRSV流行株ORF5、ORF6、ORF7基因序列的分子特征

采用RT-PCR技术对2001～2007年分离自山东地区10株(ShanDong-3、SD-JN、SD-ZQ、SD1、SD2、SD3、SD4、SD5、SD6和SD7)猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)进行ORF5、ORF6和ORF7基因的扩增、克隆和测序,与已知序列的毒株的相应片段进行同源性分析比较,并对其分子特征进行分析.结果表明:该10株病毒仍属北美洲型,其中2001～2002年分离的SD1株、SD2株和2006年分离的SD6株核苷酸序列之间的ORF5、ORF6、ORF7同源性分别为99.2%,99.8%,100%,均与北美洲原型代表株(VR-2332株)和疫苗毒MLVRespPRRS Repro USA遗传距离较近,同属一大分支;2006～2007年分离的PRRSV ShanDong-3、SD-JN、SD-ZQ 、SD3,SD4,SD5, SD7分离株ORF5、ORF6、ORF7同源性分别为97.8%～100%,99.4%～99.8%,99.2%～99.7%,均与国内96年Ch-1a和2002年HB-1株及2006年分离鉴定的国内高致病性分离株(JXA1、Shanghai、HEB1)同属一个大的分支.首次证实目前山东省同时存在高致病性PRRSV和传统PRRSV,并且有由传统PRRSV向高致病性PRRSV演化的趋势.     

2005年-2010年我国部分地区PRRSV流行毒株的遗传变异分析

为了掌握高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)的变异情况,揭示该病的发生规律,根据GenBank登录的PRRSV基因序列设计引物,采用RT-PCR法对2005年-2010年间送检的282份病料进行了PRRSV核酸检测,对其中9份阳性样品进行了ORF5～7基因片段扩增和测序,所得序列与GenBank下栽的PRRSV...     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)协同感染细菌性疾病的分析研究

为了解湖北某养殖场猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV）流行毒株的遗传变异和临床感染情况,试验采集10份疑似PRRS发病仔猪的肺脏、淋巴结等临床样品,应用RT-PCR方法扩增PRRSV的Nsp2部分基因用于定性检测分析,并对扩增的其中2份PRRSV阳性样品进行ORF5基因核苷酸序列测定,结合不同疫苗毒株开展同源性比对分析。为进一步揭示病因,通过多重PCR方法对10份发病猪的肺脏和12份鼻拭子样品进行了相关致病菌的鉴定,并对其中的2株不同病原菌开展药敏试验。结果显示,10份临床样品中有5份检测到美洲型变异PRRSV,病原阳性率为50%。ORF5全基因序列分析表明,2个流行毒株间的核苷酸同源性为99.7%,与以TJM-F92、JXA1-R、HuN4-F112等为代表的高致病性致弱疫苗毒株核苷酸同源性最高,为96.7%~97.0%;与美洲型标准毒株VR2332的同源性分别为87.6%和87.9%;与国内较早分离的经典毒株（CH-1R和R98株）的核苷酸同源性分别为92.9%和87.4%、87.7%。患病猪临床常见感染模式为PRRSV+PM+SS、PRRSV+PM或PRRSV+HPS,2株主要致病菌药敏试验表明,多杀性巴氏杆菌对头孢曲松、阿莫西林等药物高度敏感,猪链球菌对阿莫西林、氨苄西林、阿奇霉素等药物高度敏感。本研究揭示了该场保育猪的发病病原,并从分子水平明确了临床PRRSV与不同疫苗毒株的亲缘关系,为弱毒疫苗的合理选择使用和综合防控PRRS提供了实践依据。     

PRRSV, the virus

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a positive-strand RNA virus that belongs to the Arteriviridae family. PRRSV grows in primary alveolar macrophages and in monkey kidney cell lines. The genomic RNA is approximately 15 kb. The genome encodes the RNA replicase (ORF1a and ORF1b), the glycoproteins GP2 to GP5, the integral membrane protein M, and the nucleocapsid protein N (ORFs 2 to 7). A comparison of nucleotide sequences of different strains indicates that European and North American strains represent two distinct antigenic types. Various PRRSV-specific monoclonal antibodies and recombinant structural proteins have been produced. Well-defined PRRSV mutants can be generated with the recently developed infectious cDNA clone of PRRSV.     

PRRSV分离株GP3蛋白ORF3基因克隆及序列分析

为研究宁夏地区猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)的流行规律,应用RT-PCR的方法从PRRSV分离株GP3蛋白中扩增出ORF3基因cDNA片段。结果显示,ORF3基因全长765 bp,编码254个氨基酸,与北美型毒株VR-2332的同源性达到85%以上,与欧洲型毒株LV的同源性低于60%,与国内近3年主要流行毒株JXA1、HEB1、HUB2亲缘性较近。对PRRSV分离株的亲水性分析表明,GP3蛋白的前57位氨基酸为疏水性信号肽序列;对PRRSV分离株GP3蛋白抗原表位分析表明,与国内外其他毒株抗原表位预测的结果基本一致,说明PRRSV分离株GP3蛋白具有与其他毒株相近的抗原特性。     

Significance of genetic variation of PRRSV ORF5 in virus neutralization and molecular determinants corresponding to cross neutralization among PRRS viruses

A high rate of genetic and antigenic variability among porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses (PRRSVs) hampers effective prevention and control of the disease caused by PRRSV. The major envelope protein (GP5) encoded by the ORF5 of PRRSV has a critical role in inducing virus neutralizing (VN) antibody and cross protection among different strains of PRRSV. This study was conducted to identify sequence elements related to cross neutralization by comparing the ORF5 sequences of 69 field isolates in conjunction with their susceptibility to VN antibody raised against the VR2332 strain in vitro and in vivo. Five common variable sites (amino acid position 32–34, 38–39, 57–59, 137 and 151) were identified between susceptible and resistant viral isolates. Mutants whose ORF5 amino acid sequences were substituted with the sequences corresponding to the 5 identified common variable sites individually or concurrently were generated from a VR2332-backboned infectious clone by site mutagenesis. The change in the susceptibility of the mutants to VN antibodies specific for VR2332 or a heterologous PRRSV was assessed to determine the association of those 5 identified sites with cross neutralization. Among the five sites, the changes of amino acid sequences at three sites (32–34, 38–39, and 57–59) located in the N-terminal ectodomain of ORF5 significantly influenced the susceptibility of the mutant viruses to VN antibody, suggesting that sequence homology at these sites can be utilized as genetic markers to predict the degree of cross neutralization among different PRRSVs.     

Identification of genetically diverse sequences (ORF 5) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in a swine herd.

The ability of genetically diverse strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) to coexist in a 1750-sow farm was assessed through the case study describing a chronically infected farm, and also by an animal experiment involving the use of swine bioassay. The case study employed a program of monitoring sera from suckling, nursery, and finishing pigs for the presence of PRRSV by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and virus isolation (VI). The swine bioassay tested homogenates, consisting of lymphoid and pulmonary tissues, collected from 60 breeding animals from the same farm. The open reading frame (ORF) 5 portion of selected positive PRRSV detected from sera or tissues were nucleic acid sequenced and their phylogenies compared. The results indicated the presence of 3 genetically diverse groups, designated PRRSV-A, -B, and -C. Sequence heterology ranged from 5.8 to 11% between groups. Sequence homology ranged from 98.7 to 99.8% within groups. Swine bioassay verified the presence of PRRSV-A in 1 of 60 animals, and no evidence of strains B or C were detected. This paper indicates that based on the evaluation of ORF 5, genetically diverse strains of PRRSV appear to coexist, although the frequency and significance of this observation is not understood.     

Genetic analysis of ORF5 of recent Korean porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses (PRRSVs) in viremic sera collected from MLV-vaccinating or non-vaccinating farms

The 23 open reading frame (ORF) 5 sequences of Korean type II porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were collected from viremic sera from the (modified live vaccine) MLV-vaccinating and non-vaccinating farms from 2007 to 2008. The samples were phylogenetically analyzed with previous ORF5 sequences, including type I Korean PRRSV, and previously reported or collected sequences from 1997 to 2008. A MN184-like subgroup of type II Korean PRRSV was newly identified in the viremic sera collected from 2007 to 2008. And of the type I PRRSVs, one subgroup had 87.2~88.9% similarity with the Lelystad virus, showing a close relationship with the 27~2003 strain of Spain. The maximum parsimony tree of type II PRRSV from 1997 to 2008 showed that they had evolved to four lineages, subgroups 1, 2, 3 and 4. Most of the recently collected type II PRRSVs belonged to subgroup 4 (48%). The region of three B-cell epitopes and two T-cell epitopes of ORF5 amino acids sequences was considerably different from the MLV in subgroups 3 and 4. In conclusion, the existence of type I PRRSV, which was genetically different from Lelystad virus (Prototype of type I PRRSV), and heterologous type II PRRSVs of viremic pigs detected even in the MLV-vaccinating farms indicated the need for new vaccine approaches for the control of PRRSV in Korea.     

辽宁省PRRSVLN／0901株ORF5基因遗传变异分析及其抗原位点预测

根据已发表的PRRSVORF5基因序列设计引物,经RT-PCR对辽宁省PRRSVLN／0901株0RF5基因片段进行扩增、克隆及测序,结果得到长度为739bp的0RF5基因完整序列,与已知代表毒株进行核苷酸及其编码氨基酸同源性比对和系统进化树分析,LN／09010RF5基因序列与VR-2332株同源性达到88．6％,而与LV株,则相差甚远,仅为61．7％,表明PRRSVLN／0901病毒株为美洲型,与CBB-1-F3T、GD2007、JXA1、BJ0708等毒株同源性高达98．7％～99．5％,表明该病毒与2006年以来国内的多数流行变异株遗传关系相近。通过对PRRSVI,N／0901ORF5进行氨基酸疏水性及其编码蛋白跨膜区预测分析,表明该毒株ORF5具有多个抗原优势位点,与国内其他毒株既有共同位点又有区别位点,可以做为辽宁地区开发研制PRRS基因工程疫苗的重要蛋白基因。     

New insights into the genetic diversity of European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)

The complete ORF5 sequences of 66 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) field virus strains (1991-2001) and three European modified live vaccine strains were determined, as well as ORFs 6 and 7 of 19 selected strains. The variability of the deduced ORF5 amino acid sequences was analysed using statistical process control (SPC), allowing for the objective assessment of variable and conserved regions. Four variable and four conserved regions as well as five hypervariable amino acid positions were defined. The effects of genetic variability on possible structural and functional properties were discussed with emphasis on immunogenic features. Phylogenetic analysis and pairwise comparison of the nucleotide sequences revealed that the genetic distances between the strains has greatly increased over time. The data do not support an evolutionary influence of the geographical location or the time of sample collection, nor of PRRSV vaccination on strain development. In contrast to other authors who tended to concentrate on the samples from either a common geographic origin or a short sampling period, we could not confirm geographically separate PRRSV clusters nor did we find evidence of positive selective pressure as measured by the ratio of synonymous to non-synonymous substitutions in ORF5, 6 or 7. Immunological implications and vaccination strategies are discussed.     

Genetics and geographical variation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in Thailand

The Thai isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were obtained from the Chulalongkorn University-Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (CU-VDL). Virus isolation was confirmed by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA) using SDOW-17. The virus genotype was determined using nested multiplex RT-PCR (nm RT-PCR) of ORF 1b. The nm RT-PCR was able to detect at least 10TCID50/ml of PRRSV. Of 137 Thai isolates, 66.42% belonged to the European (EU) genotype and 33.58% to the North American (US) genotype. ORF5 products of the eight US strains (00CS1, 01NP1, 01UD6, 02CB13, 02KK1, 02PB1, 02SP2 and 02SP3) and the six EU strains (01CB1, 01RB1, 02BR1, 02CB12, 02SB2 and 03RB1) were sequenced for genetic variation analysis. The US strains of the Thai isolates are clustered within the same group and are more closely related to the IAF-EXP91 from Canada (89-90% nucleotide identity), whereas the EU strains were very similar to the EU prototype, Lelystad virus (87-97.5% nucleotide identity). The ORF5 nucleotide identities within the US genotype tested in this study compared to the US prototype, VR-2332 varied from 83.7 to 85.2%, whereas 83.5-85.5% amino acid identities were found. Based on the phylogenetic tree, each pair of the Thai isolates (01NP1 and 02KK1, 00CS1 and 01UD6, and 01CB1 and 01RB1) was identical despite they were collected from different provinces. Therefore, there was no geographic influence on the spreading of PRRSV in Thailand. Interestingly, 02CB12 (EU genotype) shared over 99% similarity of the ORF5 nucleotide sequence and 98.6% of amino acid identity with the European vaccine, Porcillis (AF378819). However, modified live virus vaccines for PRRSV have not yet been used in the swine population in Thailand. The results suggested that both US and EU genotypes exist in Thailand, genetic variation does occur in both genotypes, and the sources of the viruses appear to be from Canada and Northern Europe, respectively. In addition, the spreading of PRRSV in Thailand might be due to introducing infected replacement pigs or infected semen into the farm.     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒GP5基因的亚克隆及原核表达

本研究从河北省保定地区6份疑似感染猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)病猪的肺脏中,通过RT-PCR获得PRRSV GP5蛋白完整的基因片段,克隆至pMD18-T载体。经测序鉴定正确后,再设计一对引物从重组载体pMD18-T-GP5中扩增出缺失了N端30个氨基酸残基的dGP5的编码序列dORF5,克隆至原核表达载体pGEX-6p-1,构建原核重组质粒(pGEX-6p-dGP5),转化至E.coli BL21感受态细胞。经IPTG诱导后,SDS-PAGE电泳可检测到分子质量为40ku的目的蛋白。经Western blot分析表明,该蛋白与PRRS阳性血清具有良好的免疫反应性,为进一步研究PRRS新型基因工程疫苗和诊断试剂奠定了基础。