高产优质玉米新品种丰禾3号的选育及栽培技术研究

丰禾3号是黑龙江省双城市丰禾玉米研究所于2000年以玉米自交系K5003为母本,以H891为父本杂交组配而成的玉米单交种.该品种经黑龙江省玉米生产试验平均产量8 709.8 kg/hm2,比对照品种东农250增产10.84%.抗病性强、品质优良、出籽率高、增产潜力大,在黑龙江省第二积温带及第三积温带上限有广泛的推广前景.     

优质青贮玉米新品种丰禾4号的选育及栽培技术

丰禾4号(原代号:禾饲007)是黑龙江省双城市丰禾玉米研究所于2001年以外引自交系齐319为母本,以自育系H9420为父本杂交组配而成的玉米单交种。该品种经黑龙江省青贮玉米晚熟组生产试验,平均生物产量74 006.6 kg/hm2,比对照品种黑饲1号增产8.3%。是一个抗病性强、品质优良的青贮玉米品种,在黑龙江省第-积温带及第二积温带上限有广泛的推广前景。     

玉米杂交种合玉22号高产制种技术

合玉22号（原代号合04～4207）是黑龙江省农科院佳木斯分院2002年利用中硬型自交系合系532为母本、中齿型自交系合系353为父本杂交育成的玉米单交种。2006—2007年参加黑龙江省普通玉米区域试验．2008年参加黑龙江省普通玉米生产试验．2009年1月经黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定．在黑龙江省第二积温带推广。为了加速其推广速度．其高产制种技术介绍如下。     

中原单32号青贮玉米标准化栽培技术

中原单322号玉米杂交种是由中国农业科学院原原子能利用研究所通过核辐射技术选育而成．父本为原辐黄、母本为齐318。是目前唯一通过全国农作物品种审定委员会和全国牧草品种审定委员会双重审定的粮饲兼用型玉米新品种。是黑龙江省栽培面积较大的青贮玉米品种,适合黑龙江省第2、3积温带作为青贮玉米品种使用。现将其标准化栽培要点介绍如下。     

优质青贮玉米品种龙青1号的选育及栽培要点

龙青1号青贮玉米品种是黑龙江省农科院玉米研究中心以自育系H220为母本,引入自交系G219为父本杂交育成的单交种。该品种从出苗到适宜采收期(蜡熟期)需有效积温2550℃.d左右,在哈尔滨市生育日数为115～120d。2000～2003年在各级试验中表现为优质、高产、稳产、抗病、抗逆性强等特点。龙青1号青贮玉米品种适宜在黑龙江省第一积温带下限和第二积温带种植,密度为60000株/hm2左右。     

早熟水稻品种龙粳24号选育技术报告

龙粳24号是以龙花94-715为母本,以空育150为父本进行有性杂交,经系谱法选育而成的水稻新品种。2008年通过黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定。2 a黑龙江省区域试验平均产量比对照增产10.3%,较抗稻瘟病,耐寒性较强,适合在黑龙江省第四积温带及第三积温带上限插秧或直播栽培。     

吉单321

吉单321由吉林省农科院玉米研究所1990年育成，现为生产试验示范新品种。一、产量和生育期1994－1995年参加吉林省玉米杂交种联合区域试验，25点次平均公顷产量9opkg，比对照本育9增产8．7％；1995年省生产试验，6点次平均公顷产量9596kg，比本育9增产7．2％；1994年大面积示范平均公顷产量9600kg，比本育9增产11．0％。吉单321属中晚熟单交种，出苗到成熟126天左右。生育期需）10T活动积温2650t左右。二、适应区域该品种可在我省肥力较好的中熟、中晚熟区、黑龙江省第二积温带上限及内蒙古哲盟等部分地区种植。三、栽培技术要点建议种植密…     

大豆新品种垦农18号的选育及栽培要点

“垦农18号”大豆为中早熟品种，茎秆强壮，抗倒伏能力强，百粒重18—20g，蛋白质含量35．32％，脂肪含量23．17%，为高油优质大豆。异地鉴定试验，平均产量3116．6kg／hm^2，比对照增产12．5％。全省区域试验，平均产量2425．3kg/hm^2，比对照增产9.9％。全省生产试验，平均产量2528．6kg／hm^2，比对照增产12．0％。该品种适宜在黑龙江省第三、第四积温带种植。     

玉米杂交种嫩单12号的选育与栽培技术研究

[目的]推广中晚熟杂交玉米品种嫩单12号。【方法】对嫩单12号的特征特性、产量表现、栽培及制种技术要点进行阐述．[结果]该品种具有产量高、品质优、抗逆性强、适应范围广等特性,已于2005年通过黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定。【结论】该品种适宜在黑龙江省西部第1积温带下限和第2积温带种植,及在四单19种植区域推广应用。     

黑龙江省不同积温带水稻物质生产特点研究

为分析不同积温条件下水稻品种干物质生产特性的差异,选取32个代表不同积温带的黑龙江省主栽水稻品种,对不同生育时期水稻品种干物质生产、分配及运转等方面指标进行测定,以明确黑龙江省不同积温带水稻的干物质积累形成规律,为不同热量条件下提升水稻产量和品质提供理论依据和技术支持。研究结果表明,黑龙江省各积温带间水稻品种干物质生产总量在生育前期均表现为第二积温带第三积温带第一积温带第四积温带;而在生育后期则表现为第三积温带第一积温带第二积温带第四积温带。各积温带间水稻品种干物质生产在生育前期侧重各不相同,但进入生育后期各积温带间水稻品种穗部分干物质分配率依次为第三积温带第一积温带第二积温带第四积温带,第一、第三积温带之间差异不显著,分别为59.33%和59.88%,但极显著高于其他两个积温带。黑龙江省水稻品种的物质表观输出率远远大于表观转化率,因此,为提高水稻品种产量的研究工作应主要放在调控生育后期干物质的分配与转运方面。     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Effects of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth and Quality of Cucumber and Lettuce

Summary

Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer.