水稻黑条矮缩病毒S6片段的序列多样性与进化分析

<正>0 引言植物RNA病毒在进化中具有快速变异的能力,有利于病毒扩大寄主范围甚至进化为新病毒[1]。突变和重组是植物RNA病毒变异和遗传多样性的共同进化因素,是群体基因变异的最初来源[2]。由灰飞虱传播的水稻黑条矮缩病毒(Rice black streaked dwarf virus, RBSDV) 属于呼肠孤病毒科(Reoviridae)斐济病毒属(Fijivirus),能引发玉米粗缩病和水稻黑条矮缩病。     

南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒和水稻黑条矮缩病毒的单抗制备及其检测应用

 用与牛血清白蛋白偶联的南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒（Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus,SRBSDV）衣壳蛋白的C端12个氨基酸多肽为抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,经细胞融合、筛选、克隆,获得2株能稳定传代并分泌抗SRBSDV和水稻黑条矮缩病毒（Rice black-streaked dwarf virus,RBSDV）单克隆抗体（MAb）的杂交瘤细胞株3F1、5G1。3F1、5G1单克隆抗体腹水间接ELISA效价达10^-6,抗体类型及亚类均为IgG1, kappa链。 Western blot分析表明,2株单克隆抗体均与SRBSDV和RBSDV的外壳蛋白亚基有特异反应。利用单克隆抗体3F1建立的dot-ELISA检测方法能准确、特异、灵敏地检测田间稻飞虱及水稻样品中的SRBSDV和RBSDV。SRBSDV和RBSDV单克隆抗体的制备及检测方法的建立为水稻黑条矮缩病的诊断、预测预报及科学防控提供了技术支撑。     

引起玉米粗缩病的水稻黑条矮缩病毒山东分离物的分子特性

 Four isolates of Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) were collected from the maize plants showing rough dwarf symptom in Linyi and Tai'an,Shandong province.The S10 genomic sequences of these isolates were determined and compared with those of 14 other RBSDV isolates.All of the four sequences were 1 801 base pairs (bp) long including the 5'-UTR of 21 bp and the 3'-UTR of 103 bp.They all contained an open reading frame of 1 677 bp (22-1698),encoding the coat protein (CP) of 558 amino acids.The sequences of these four RBSDV isolates and those of the major cp gene of 14 other isolates available in the GenBank were divided into two groups in the phylogenetic tree.Recombination analysis indicated that the isolate Lym2 was likely a recombinant of isolates Lym1 and Zhjs.     

利用RT-PCR与PVP-ELISA检测水稻瘤矮病单头叶蝉

 目前国内外对水稻瘤矮病毒(Rice gall dwarf virus,RGDV)的研究主要集中在其核衣壳蛋白和外衣壳蛋白的性质、结构及其与介体的亲和性、与介体传毒能力的关系等方面,本室在已有室内检测研究的基础上,利用RT-PCR和PVP-ELISA法对田间带毒叶蝉进行检测,并对2种方法的检测结果进行了比较。     

In vitro but not in planta encapsidation of Rice gall dwarf virus core particles by the outer capsid P8 protein of Rice dwarf virus expressed in transgenic rice plants

Transencapsidation of the Rice gall dwarf virus (RGDV) inner core by the Rice dwarf virus (RDV) outer capsid P8 protein was examined in vitro and in planta. When RGDV core particles were incubated with an extract from RDV P8-transgenic rice leaf tissue, RDV P8 encapsidated the RGDV core particles to form double-shelled virus-like particles in vitro. In contrast, when RDV P8-transgenic rice plants were inoculated with RGDV, progeny RGDV particles contained RGDV P8 but RDV P8 was not detectable in the virions. No significant differences were found in acquisition by the vector insects and subsequent transmission rates between RGDV infecting nontransgenic rice plants and those infecting RDV P8-transgenic rice plants. These results indicate that mechanisms of and/or requirements for interactions between P8 and the inner core particles of phytoreoviruses differ between in vitro and in planta.     

玉米粗缩病抗性遗传研究

 本文选用3个抗病自交系(齐319、X178、沈137)和3个感病自交系(掖107、掖478、沈5003)按照NCII交配设计配制9套杂交组合研究了玉米抗粗缩病遗传规律。2009-2010年在曲阳、保定采用田间自然发病方法鉴定亲本、F₁、F₂群体的玉米粗缩病抗性,并采用灰飞虱人工接种方法鉴定亲本材料的抗病性。运用QGA station 软件的加性-显性-上位性(ADAA)遗传模型进行数据分析,结果表明,显性效应和加性效应是控制玉米粗缩病抗性的主要遗传组分,分别占表型变异的44.8%和13.1%,杂合显性效应表现负向杂种优势,抗病育种可加以利用。加性×加性上位性效应在玉米自交系和杂交组合抗粗缩病遗传中普遍存在,但因材料不同而表现负向或正向效应。玉米粗缩病抗性易受环境影响,显性与环境互作效应方差占表型方差的比率为39.8%,达到极显著水平。因此,培育抗粗缩病玉米品种应依据基因型选配适当的亲本材料,抗病品种宜进行多年多点鉴定筛选。     

第一届国际水稻病虫害综合治理新策略研讨会

2012年10月24-26日将在北京九华山庄召开第一届国际水稻病虫害综合治理新策略研讨会。会议由中国植物保护学会与国际植物保护科学协会主办,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室承办。会议将在中国     

水稻瘤矮病毒广东分离物基因组第10组分的序列分析及原核表达

 应用RT-PCR技术克隆了水稻瘤矮病毒(Rice gall dwarf virus,RGDV)广东分离物基因组的第10片段,并测定了全序列。结果表明,RGDV广东分离物S10(登录号EF532325)全长1198bp,含有一个ORF,编码一条由320氨基酸组成、推测分子量约36kDa的多肽。与泰国分离物相应组分相比,基因结构基本一致,核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性分别为96.2%和98.8%;S10编码多肽与水稻矮缩病毒(Rice dwarf virus,RDV)s9编码蛋白及伤瘤病毒(Wound tumor virus,WTV)S11编码蛋白也分别具有29%和33%的相似性。本研究还将S10cDNA克隆至原核表达载体pET28b(+)上,通过IPTG诱导在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中得到了高效表达,并利用His,Bind树脂纯化得到电泳纯级制品。本工作为进一步研究S10编码蛋白的结构与功能奠定了一定的基础。     

水稻瘤矮病毒S11基因沉默抑制子的原核表达及抗血清制备

以采自广东省水稻瘤矮病的典型病株为材料,通过RT-PCR法扩增和克隆了水稻瘤矮病毒(Rice gall dwarf virus,RGDV)S11组分核苷酸序列全长。序列分析结果表明,RGDV广东分离物S11(登录号EF532326)核苷酸序列全长1168bp,含有一个1068bp的开放阅读框,编码一条355个氨基酸的多肽,推测分子量约40kD,与泰国分离物基因结构基本一致,其核苷酸与氨基酸序列相似性分别为94.3%和98.8%。将广东分离物S11基因克隆至pBV221温敏表达载体上,在大肠杆菌DH5α中实现了高效表达。以诱导蛋白为抗原免疫家兔获得了抗血清。利用ELISA法测定抗血清的效价为1∶4096,Western blot分析结果表明,抗血清能与S11蛋白发生特异血清学反应。这可为进一步研究S11蛋白的结构和功能,揭示其抑制基因沉默的作用机制提供参考。     

我国玉米上一个水稻黑条矮缩病毒重排体的ORF序列

由水稻黑条矮缩病毒(Rice black-streaked dwarf virus,RBSDV)引起的粗缩病是我国玉米生产中的一种毁灭性病害.本文报道从山东枣庄玉米上得到的RBSDV分离物SDZZ10所有可读框(ORF)的序列.与全基因组序列已知的2个RBS-DV分离物Hbm和Zjr比较,SDZZ10的大多数ORF与Hbm相应ORF的核苷酸序列一致率更高,其蛋白与Hbm相应蛋白的氨基酸一致率也更高,但SDZZ10的ORF3,ORF4,ORF9-2和ORF10与jr相应ORF的核苷酸一致率更高,P4,P9-1和P9-2与Zjr相应蛋白的氨基酸一致率更高.根据ORF8和ORF10构建的系统进化树中,SDZZ10分别属于不同的组,说明SDZZ10是一个自然发生的重排体.     

Testing garlic cloves and bulblets for onion yellow dwarf virus by ACP-ELISA

Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) was detected in cloves and aerial bulblets of garlic (Allium sativum) at levels as high as or higher than in leaves of plants grown from tested cloves. It is recommended to test bulblets or a few cloves per bulb before planting to determine if all cloves of a bulb are virus-free. This aids in early detection and allows a more thorough testing of stock than field testing.     

不同水稻品种黑条矮缩病感病性比较

<正>近年来,水稻黑条矮缩病[Rice black-streake ddwarf virus(RBSDV)]在江苏省盐城市盐都区发生普遍,部分种植区域、部分品种发病严重,损失较大。为掌握不同水稻品种间黑条矮缩病发生程度的     

The N-Terminal Region of the Readthrough Domain Is Closely Related to Aphid Vector Specificity of Soybean dwarf virus

ABSTRACT It has been speculated that the N-terminal half of the readthrough domain (RTD) encoded by open reading frame 5 of Soybean dwarf virus (SbDV) is related to the vector specificity. To further investigate this hypothesis, transmissibility via aphids was tested on 17 SbDV isolates and comparisons of the deduced amino acid sequences of the coat protein (CP) and other proteins encoded by the RTD were made between these isolates. Isolates were distinguished into four strains: YS, causing yellowing in soybean and transmittable by Aulacorthum solani; DS, causing dwarfing and transmittable by A. solani; YP, causing yellowing and transmittable by Acyrthosiphon pisum; and DP, causing dwarfing and transmittable by A. pisum. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the trees for the CP and the C-terminal half of the RTD sequences contained clusters of isolates of the same symptom type, whereas the tree for the N-terminal half of the RTD contained clusters of isolates of the same aphid vector type. These results agreed with our previous data of the complete nucleotide sequences of four SbDV isolates, and strongly indicated a close relationship between the N-terminal half of the RTD amino acid sequences and aphid transmission specificity of SbDV.     

水稻新病害南方水稻黑条矮缩病发生特点及危害趋势分析

由斐济病毒属(Fijivirus)暂定新种南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒(Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus,SRBSDV)引起的水稻矮缩病,自2001年在广东省阳西县被发现以来,已迅速扩散至我国南方广大稻区。2009年,该病害在我国南部及越南晚季稻上暴发成灾,造成严重的产量损失。本文简介了该病害的症状、危害特点、病原病毒及其传毒介体特征,对其发生趋势进行了讨论,提出了以秧苗期治虫为重点的病害防控应急措施。     

水稻矮缩病毒对3种内源激素含量及代谢相关基因转录水平的影响

本文以抗病品种宜香2292(Oryzas ativa L. ssp. indica cv. Yixiang 2292)为材料,采用高效液相色谱技术(HPLC)和Real-time PCR技术研究了水稻矮缩病毒(Rice dwarfvirus,RDV)胁迫下水稻内源赤霉素(GA3)、生长素(IAA)和脱落酸(ABA)的动态变化。结果表明,受RDV侵染后,病株体内GA3含量显著低于健株,在显症后的第1d和第10d最为明显,分别较健株低6.28和5.92倍;IAA含量呈现波动变化,但病株体内的IAA含量始终较健株低,在显症后的10d最为明显,比健株低3.58倍;与GA3和IAA相反,病株体内ABA的含量始终高于健株,显症后的第1d和第13d最为明显,分别较健株高2.29和2.84倍。Real-time PCR定量检测了植物内源激素相关基因mRNA的表达,结果显示,GA3代谢相关的氧化还原酶基因表现为下调,而IAA和ABA代谢相关的Cullin-1和P-glycoprotein1基因表现出不同程度的上调。以上结果表明:水稻矮缩病的症状表现可能与病株体内的植物内源激素失调有关。     

A simple test for evaluation of transmission efficiency of barley yellow dwarf virus by aphids

Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) transmission test systems involve the use of clip-cages or of whole plants in cages, which are both labor-intensive methods and require large controlled environment units. Employing detached leaves for assessment of the inoculation efficiency of aphids proved reliable for assessing transmission of a BYDV PAV-like isolate byRhopalosiphum padi. One use of the system could be for the rapid determination of the infectivity of field-collected aphids, an essential part of any epidemiological study of BYDV. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Aug. 14, 2002.     

基于重组酶聚合酶扩增技术的玉米矮花叶病毒快速检测方法的建立

玉米Zea mays L.是重要的粮饲兼用作物。重要检疫性病毒玉米矮花叶病毒maize dwarf mosaic virus(MDMV)一直威胁玉米生产,为预防外来有害生物入侵,本研究以玉米可能携带的MDMV为目标,根据MDMV外壳蛋白(coat protein,CP)保守基因序列,基于重组酶聚合酶扩增技术(recombinase polymerase amplification,RPA),设计了3对RPA引物,筛选并优化了反应体系,建立了MDMV的快速检测方法,最终的RPA反应体系中引物终浓度为0.4 μmol/L,反应温度为42℃,反应时间为20 min。该方法可特异性检测MDMV,对MDMV CP阳性质粒样品的检测灵敏度可以达到105拷贝/μL(≈369 fg/μL),高于RT-PCR的检测灵敏度。该方法具有快速准确等优点,可用于玉米种子或植株中携带MDMV的检测。     

利用生态学手段预防玉米粗缩病的发生

在试验和调查分析玉米粗缩病发病影响因素的基础上,提出了"预防为主,治虫防病"的策略,建立了以选择避病的安全播种期.辅以推广种植耐病品种等生态控病措施为主的综合防治技术体系.该体系简单、易行、安全、环保,能较好地控制玉米粗缩病的发生为害.     

简便易行的玉米粗缩病严重度分级标准

报道了一种简便易行的0～4级玉米粗缩病严重度分级标准。该标准以病害典型症状为依据,经产量指标验证,证明该标准准确、简便、可操作性强。