新陆早35号棉花高产栽培技术

<正>新陆早35号是新疆兵团农七师农科所以复合杂交育种技术选育的早熟、优质、丰产、抗逆性好的棉花新品种。2005～2006年参加新疆自治区早熟棉区区域试验;2006年进入新疆维吾尔族自治区早熟棉区生产试验;2007年2月通过新疆维吾尔族自治区农作物品种审定     

新陆早43号特征特性及高产栽培技术

新陆早43号（原代号石杂3）是石河子棉花所选育的早熟、高产、抗病、适合机采的杂交棉新品种。2009年3月通过新疆农作物品种审定委员会审定（审定编号：新审棉2009年59号）。新陆早43号适宜北疆棉区、南疆早熟棉区、甘肃河西走廊棉区等中、早熟棉区和次宜棉区种植。     

早熟棉花新品种金垦1161的选育及栽培技术

金垦1161是新疆农垦科学院棉花研究所以ZJ 6为母本,X 4为父本,通过杂交系谱法选育而成的早熟棉花新品种。2015—2016年进入新疆棉花品种区域试验,皮棉平均产量2098.5 kg·hm^-2,比对照新陆早36号增产20.2%。2017年参加新疆棉花品种生产试验,皮棉平均产量1980.0 kg·hm^-2,为对照新陆早61号的99.7%。金垦1161高抗枯萎病,耐黄萎病,2018年通过新疆维吾尔自治区农作物品种审定委员会审定,适宜在新疆北疆早熟棉区种植。     

早熟陆地棉新品种新陆早61号的选育及栽培技术

新陆早61号(原代号新石H4)是新疆石河子棉花研究所选育的早熟陆地棉新品种,2013年通过新疆维吾尔自治区农作物品种审定委员会审定命名。该品种早熟、高产、优质、杭病、适宜机械采收等特点,适宜新疆南、北疆早熟棉区、甘肃河西走廊棉区及特早熟棉亚区种植。     

新陆早23号

新陆早23号(原系选201)是奎屯万氏棉花种业有限责任公司与新疆锦棉种业有限责任公司合作育成的特早熟陆地棉新品种.于2003～2004年参加西北内陆棉区棉花品种区域化试验,2004年同时参加西北内陆早熟棉区棉花品种生产试验,2005年3月通过新疆维吾尔自治区农作物品种审定委员会审定,命名为新陆早23号.     

陆地棉新品种新陆早20号

新陆早20号是新疆石河子150团在枯萎病重病地从中长绒品种新陆早16号中选育的抗病变异单株,后经多年南繁加代和病圃筛选鉴定培育而成,原名A01-5.2003-2004年参加西北内陆棉区早熟组区试,同年参加北疆早熟棉区棉花品种生产试验.2005年2月通过新疆维吾尔自治区农作物品种审定委员会审定并命名.     

早熟陆地棉新品种新陆早36号

新陆早36号（新石K8）是新疆石河子棉花研究所以1997年自育早熟、丰产品系1304为母本，抗病品系BDl03为父本，通过有性杂交，经多年南繁北育、病圃鉴定筛选、定向选育而成。2005年参加自治区早熟组棉花品种区域试验，2006年参加生产试验。2007年2月经新疆农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

高产早熟机采杂交棉新陆早43号

新陆早43号（原代号石杂3）．是新疆石河子棉花所以自育早熟棉新品系4—14为母本、外引优质中长绒材料H2为父本．利用病圃经过多年鉴定筛选而成。2007—2008年参加新疆早熟杂交棉组棉花品种区域试验．2008年同时参加新疆早熟杂交棉组生产试验,2009年3月通过新疆农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

棉花-新陆早26号

早中熟棉花新品种新陆早26号是新疆天合种业有限责任公司培育的新品种,该品种高产、抗逆性强、综合农艺性状好,结合配套的栽培技术措施,表现出较强的高产稳产特性。2006年,通过新疆自治区农作物品种审定委员会审定(新审棉2006年63号),适宜在新疆北疆的早、中熟棉区,南疆早熟棉区,河西走廊地区种植。     

棉花新品种新陆早35号高产栽培技术

棉花新品种新陆早35号（原代号03—17）是由新疆兵团奎屯农七师农科所采用常规复合杂交育种技术,选育而成的早熟、丰产、优质、抗逆性强的陆地棉新品种．2007年2月通过自治区品种审定委员会审定并命名,审定编号为新审棉（2007）060号。新陆早35号适宜在南、北、东疆及黄河流域,甘肃河西走廊等中、早熟棉区和次宜棉区种植。     

植物新品种保护与品种审定的意义和异同

随着知识产权愈来愈受到社会各界的关注，植物新品种保护工作也显得尤为重要。该文着重介绍了植物新品种保护的发展概况、意义及其与品种审定的异同，使读者对植物新品种保护工作有所了解。     

大白菜施肥技巧与主要病虫害防治

1施肥技巧 大白菜施肥原则是：整地重施有机肥，苗后分次巧追肥。追肥要掌握“少量多次、前少后多、分期供给”。肥后及时浇水，以达到肥水均匀，充分发挥肥效。     

果蔬采后存在问题及贮藏保鲜技术发展

随着生活水平的提高,果蔬产品成为人们摄取营养元素的重要食品之一。分析了我国果蔬采后存在的问题,并对低温及气调保鲜、化学保鲜剂、涂膜保鲜技术及超声保鲜技术等贮藏保鲜技术研究进行了综述,指出我国果蔬贮藏保鲜技术持续、稳定、健康的发展要倚重于科技创新。     

Dry matter and nitrogen accumulation and residues of oil and protein crops

Oil and protein crops are of growing importance in cropping systems. This study was carried out to compare oil crops of linseed, rapeseed, sunflower and protein crops of faba bean and white lupin for grain production, residual plant dry matter and nitrogen. Two field experiments with either oil or protein crops were conducted in 1993 and 1994, respectively. Total dry matter production, grain yield, residues, N concentrations and mineral N in the soil were measured. Dry matter production and distribution as well as N uptake and residues varied greatly among species and between years. In 1993, oil crops gave up to 3 t ha⁻¹ grain and 16 t ha⁻¹ residues with sunflower, while in 1994 up to 5 and 11 t ha⁻¹, respectively, were recorded with winter rape. Protein crops showed an opposite reaction in years. Nitrogen uptake and residual N amounts were correlated with dry matter production. Plant residues of oil crops contained 20–140 kg N ha⁻¹; those of protein crops up to 80 kg N ha⁻¹. Despite the variation of residual plant N the variability of mineral N in the soil at harvest was hardly influenced by crops and amounted to only 20–50 kg NO⁻₃-N ha⁻¹.     

我国蔬菜产业和科学技术的发展与展望

1　我国蔬菜产业的发展现状蔬菜是人们日常生活中不可缺少的副食品,也是我国目前种植业中最具活力的经济作物。改革开放以来,随着市场经济的发展,农产品产销体制的不断改革和完善,特别是1988年实施“菜篮子工程”以来,蔬菜产业得到了蓬勃发展。1.1　播种面积1987~1999年,全国蔬菜播种面积由533.3万hm²,发展到1333.3万hm²,增长139.5%。1.2　总产量1987~1999年,全国蔬菜总产量由1.55亿t增加到4.05亿t,增长161.3%,使年人均鲜菜占有量达到330.7kg(世界各国人均105kg……     

向日葵抗盐碱生理生化机制与生长发育特性分析

以Y05-222A和Y06-136R杂交得到的135株F₂群体为研究材料,测定过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、脯氨酸（Pro）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、可溶性蛋白和丙二醛（MDA）等6个生理指标,并进行方差分析、相关性分析和通径分析,对F₂群体进行偏度及峰度分析。结果显示,以上6个生理指标在F₂群体中P>0.05,分布频率符合正态分布,同时存在双向超亲分离现象;相关性分析和通径分析显示,这些指标与抗盐碱系数均呈极显著相关（正相关或负相关）,且相关系数与总间接通径系数方向一致。POD活性的直接通径系数为0.5003,可见POD直接影响抗盐碱性;CAT活性和Pro含量的直接通径系数分别为-0.1317和-0.0384,间接影响抗盐碱性;SOD活性、MDA及可溶性蛋白含量直接或间接影响抗盐碱性。POD、SOD、Pro、CAT、可溶性蛋白和MDA各生理指标的抗盐碱作用表现为POD>CAT>Pro>可溶性蛋白>MDA>SOD。叶片数、株高、茎粗和盘径与抗盐碱系数呈极显著正相关,其相关性表现为叶片数>盘径>株高>茎粗。以上结果可为研究油用向日葵抗盐碱性提供一定的理论基础。     

果蔬食品的褐变与控制

结合生产实际,对果蔬食品产生褐变的机理及其控制途径进行探讨。通过遗传学途径,培育果蔬新品种,使之不含易氧化变色物质,增强其天然抗褐变性,是控制果蔬褐变的根本途径。     

On Fengshui and Rockery and Water Layout

Definition of Fengshui and the theories of selecting mountain and water environment in Fengshui were elaborated. Theories about mountain-water relationship were expounded from the perspective of piling of rockeries and layout of water, a residential area in Hefei City, Beijing Olympics Park, Hangzhou Prince Bay Park, mineral pit of Shanghai Chenshan Botanic Garden, Beijing Beihai Park, Shanghai Changfeng Park were taken for example to demonstrate the influence of traditional rockery and mountain layout in Fengshui on modern landscape design.     

Approaches and Applications of Chemomics and Chemoinformatics

Some novel concepts of chemomics/molomics are proposed including hydrocarbomics, alcophenomics, carboxomics, pepitomics, metabonomics, etc. like genomics, protomics and glycomics in bioomics. Some examples are given to demonstrate the chemomics and/or molomics methodology and technology based chemoinformatics and bioinformatics and their wide applications in Chemistry and Biology.     

Acidity and sweetness in apple and pear

Summary Sweetness and acidity in apple and pear inherit independently and can be organoleptically evaluated separately, but less accurately in pear than in apple. For breeding purposes an analysis of fruits for acidity and sweetness with pH indicator paper and a hand refractometer is to be prefered to the organoleptic method.In apple, the acidity-decreasing with time-of the unripe fruit was already strongly indicative of that of the eating-ripe fruit; sugar-increasing with time-not before the fruit was picking ripe. Sugar content in apple and pear, and the pH in pear, appeared to be normally distributed; the pH in apple showed a segregation into an acid and a low-acid group, which occurred in both the unripe and ripe stage. The segregation ratio between these groups was found to be highly variable. On the whole, the mean acidity and sugar content of apple and pear progenies is significantly determined by that of the parents. Most of the observations made did not support the theory that low acidity in apple is determined by one recessive gene. The relationship between the pH of leaf juice and fruit juice in apple may offer a possibility for pre-selection.