不同基质对唐古特白刺扦插育苗的影响

采用5种基质配比对唐古特白刺进行容器扦插育苗试验，对不同基质引起的唐古特白刺根长、单株根系数目、新生枝数及新生枝生长量进行调查分析，结果表明：基质M1（50％泥炭＋50％珍珠岩）中扦插的唐古特白刺根长最长，为68．0mm；平均新生枝数最多，为4．6条，效果最佳。基质M5（纯泥炭）中扦插的唐古特白刺，其单株根系数目最少，为43．1条；新生枝生长量最高，为12．7cm；基质M4（40％泥炭＋60％栗钙土）最差。基质M1与基质M5比较适合唐古特白刺插穗的生长。     

扦插方式对樟树大田扦插成苗率和苗木生长的影响

通过规模化大田扦插育苗试验,采用SPSS统计分析方法,研究了扦插方式对樟树扦插成活和苗木生长的影响。结果表明:扦插方式对樟树扦插成苗率及苗木竖向生长的影响极为显著,对苗木的地径生长也有明显影响,但对侧根数量的影响不明显。5月扦插樟树,成苗率在75%以上,当年生苗高在20cm以上,地径在0.3cm以上。研究表明,苗床直接扦插育苗有利于苗木的后期生长,采用营养杯扦插育苗宜选择规格较大的容器。     

速生紫薇容器扦插育苗技术研究

利用速生紫薇的半木质化枝条和一年生枝条进行容器扦插对比试验,试验结果表明,速生紫薇采用轻型基质进行容器夏插成活率高达83%,平均侧根长度可达5.48cm。     

扦插基质与激素处理对油茶扦插生根的影响研究

以广东省野生油茶母树嫩枝或1 a插穗为试验材料,探讨不同基质、激素溶液和浸穗时间对油茶扦插育苗效果的影响.研究结果表明:以100％细沙为扦插基质时,生根率、侧根数和侧根长,分别为66.84％、2.88条和2.78 cm,显著大于其它处理(P＜0.05);3种激素(IAA、NAA、ABT6)处理中,采用ABT6溶液处理的生根率和侧根长最大,侧根数较多,均显著大于CK (P ＜0.05);浸穗处理中,25 mg/L ABT6溶液浸泡2h处理的生根率最高,为84.37％,侧根数和侧根长也较多,分别为3.49条和2.31 cm.因此进行油茶秋季扦插繁殖时,插穗宜采用25 mg/L ABT6溶液浸泡2h后,扦插于100％细沙基质上.     

外源激素对金露梅、唐古特莸、胡颓子扦插生根的影响

在全光照自动间歇喷雾沙盘上进行对影响金露梅、唐古特莸、胡颓子扦插繁殖的外源激素种类,浓度、处理时间的研究。结果表明:金露梅是混合生根性树种,用200mg/L萘乙酸(NAA)浸泡插穗30min生根率最高达100%;唐古特莸是皮部生根性树种,以200mg/L质量分数的ABT浸泡60min生根率效果较好,为55.6%;胡颓子是以愈伤组织为主的生根性树种,在全光雾沙盘上进行扦插不需外源激素处理生根率就高达100%。     

兴安圆柏种子繁殖和扦插育苗技术研究

2005~2006年进行了兴安圆柏种子繁殖和扦插育苗试验。通过综合比较发芽率、株高、地径、苗高和根系发现,在干藏、沙藏以及秋播3种处理中,秋播种子萌发率可以达到60%以上,当年生苗最高可达17.8 cm,主根长18.5 cm,侧根11条,地径2.3 cm,且苗木生长整齐、旺盛,育苗效果最佳。扦插时间和基质种类明显影响扦插育苗结果,与黄沙土和泥炭土比较,河沙是最适扦插基质,而6、7月份扦插效果最好,以中河沙为基质扦插生根率可以达到64.3%,9月份以后生根率小于5%。     

5种生长调节剂对唐古特白刺扦插苗生长的影响

用5种生长调节剂处理唐古特白刺插条进行容器扦插育苗试验。结果表明:萘乙酸300 mg.kg-1对唐古特白刺生根数目以及新生枝数和新生枝生长量都有明显的促进作用;6号生根粉100 mg.kg-1对唐古特白刺根长生长有明显的促进作用;吲哚丁酸200 mg.kg-1对其新生枝数促进作用明显。综合分析表明,唐古特白刺扦插育苗最佳的生长调节剂为萘乙酸300 mg.kg-1。     

良种沙棘嫩枝扦插容器育苗及造林试验研究

在全光雾嫩枝扦插育苗试验的基础上，采用网袋状轻型基质育苗容器进行容器育苗试验，结果表明，容器扦插平均生根率可达95％以上，较普通全光雾沙床扦插对照(CK)提高5．75％，主根数、虚根数均较对照(CK)增加1．02条，5．86条，平均苗高、地径分别增加4．33cm，0．07cm；容器扦插苗用于造林，其成活率较对照(CK)增加25．0％，当年株高、地径生长量较对照(CK)增加18．70cm，0．30cm；而且容器苗便于运输，可在整个生长季节随时移栽。     

狭叶冬青硬枝扦插育苗技术

狭叶冬青(Ilex fargesii Franch.)扦插生根困难,为探索狭叶冬青硬枝扦插育苗技术,以扦插基质、插穗粗度及遮阳措施为试验因素,采用正交试验设计方法对狭叶冬青硬枝扦插育苗技术进行了研究。结果表明,基质、插穗粗度及遮阳措施对狭叶冬青硬枝扦插成活率、新梢长、生根量及平均侧根数均有显著影响,生产中提高狭叶冬青硬枝扦插成活率及苗木质量的最佳培养方案为:混合土、插穗粗度0.5～1.0 cm,单层遮阳,扦插成活率最高,苗木质量最好。     

风柜斗草扦插繁育试验

2020年秋季采用风柜斗草茎枝为插穗,进行了不同基质(轻基质=草炭土+3%珍珠岩、混合基质=轻基质+山地红壤、山地红壤、细潮沙)、不同浓度生根剂(500×10~(-6)浓度、1000×10~(-6)浓度、2000×10~(-6)浓度、清水对照)风柜斗草容器扦插繁育效果比较试验,结果表明:采用轻基质进行扦插的生根率及生长效果最好,平均生根率达99.2%,平均侧根长达7.3 cm,≥3 cmⅠ级侧根平均条数达6.1条,平均抽梢率达99.3%,平均分枝数达4.3条;生根剂处理采用1000×10~(-6)浓度的生根率及生长效果最佳,平均生根率达95.2%,平均侧根长4.9 cm,≥3 cmⅠ级侧根平均条数达3.6条,平均抽梢率达95.1%,平均分枝数达2.5条。     

窄冠刺槐无性系根段扦插育苗研究

刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)因其木质坚硬,色泽纹理美观,耐磨耐腐蚀,抗弯抗压及抗剪强度高,是制造地板、家具等产品的优质木材[1]。我国从20世纪70年代开始对刺槐进行遗传改良,先后在次生种源选择、优良无性系选育等方面做了大量研究[2-5],选育出了一大批生长表现良好的优良无性系[6-7],特别是于2002年在河南省选育的窄冠刺槐优良无性系,生长快,主干通直圆满,分枝角度小,托     

马尾松扦插育苗及造林效果的研究

1994—2001年在福建省邵武市进行马尾松扦插育苗及其造林试验,结果表明:采穗圃剪顶促萌时间以7月25日至8月10日、剪顶高度在8cm为宜,每公顷可产600万根合格的穗条。培育扦插苗可先于12月15日至翌年1月15日在沙床寄插,然后于3月20日至4月10日移植到苗圃培育,平均苗高可达22 6cm,地径0 44cm,当年可出圃造林。用此扦插苗造林,5年生幼林的生长量与生物量均优于对照(实生大田苗造林),各项生长指标差异的趋势基本一致,即扦插苗>容器苗>大田苗。试验表明马尾松扦插苗是可以用于生产性造林的。     

Changes during early development in photosynthetic light acclimation capacity explain the shade to sun transition in Nothofagus nitida

Nothofagus nitida (Phil.) Krasser, an emergent tree of the Chilean evergreen forest, regenerates under the canopy. Nonetheless, it is common to find older saplings in clear areas. We hypothesized that this transition from shade to sun during the early developmental stages is made possible by an ontogenetic increase in the light acclimation capacity of photosynthesis. To test our hypothesis, we studied photosynthetic performance and photoprotection in N. nitida saplings at different developmental stages corresponding with three different height classes (short: 16.2 cm; medium-height: 48.0 cm; and tall: 73.7 cm) grown under contrasting light conditions (photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) of 20, 300 or 600 micromol m(-2) s(-1)) until newly expanded leaves had developed. Light-saturated CO(2) assimilation rate and light compensation and saturation points increased with increasing PPF. Medium-height and tall saplings acclimated to high light had higher electron transport rates and higher proportions of open Photosystem II reaction centers than shorter plants acclimated to high light. Short saplings showed higher thermal dissipation and contents of xanthophylls than taller saplings. Only medium-height and tall saplings acclimated to high light recovered after photoinhibition. State transitions were higher in short plants growing in low light, and decreased with plant height and growth irradiance. Thus, during development, N. nitida changes the balance of light energy utilization and photoprotective mechanisms, supporting a phenotypic transition from shade to sun during its early ontogeny.     

柳杉扦插育苗试验

用1号ABT生根粉不同浓度的溶液对不同长度的柳杉穗条浸泡30min后,进行9个不同的处理试验,以查明穗条长度和ABT生根粉处理的浓度对培育柳杉扦插苗的影响。试验结果表明,长度20cm的1～2年生穗条用150×10-6的1号ABT生根粉溶液浸泡30min,3～4月份进行扦插育苗,苗木的苗高和成活率最佳,苗高可达46 7cm,苗木成活率可达86 7%。     

Removal of Acacia mangium overstorey increased growth of underplanted Anisoptera marginata (Dipterocarpaceae) on an Imperata cylindrica grassland site in South Kalimantan,Indonesia

Effect of removing Acacia mangium overstorey on the growth of underplanted Anisoptera marginata saplings was studied in a mixed tree plantation established on an Imperata cylindrica dominated grassland site in South-Kalimantan, Indonesia. At the time of overstorey removal the Acacia mangium trees were 80 months old (average height 21 m and DBH 20 cm) and the underplanted Anisoptera marginata saplings 68 months old (average height 4.2 m and DBH 3.1~cm), and the spacing of both species was 2 m × 4 m with such an arrangement that the saplings were located within the same lines as the nurse trees. Eight plots of 192 m² in size were randomly designated to overstorey removal (canopy gap) and no removal (closed canopy) treatments. Removal of Acacia mangium overstorey was carried out by girdling and later cutting down the dead trees. The Imperata grass did not show regrowth in canopy gaps. The mean annual increment for height and DBH of Anisoptera marginata within 22 months after the treatment were higher in canopy gaps (1.3 m a^-1 and 1.4 cm a^-1) than under closed canopy (0.7 m a^-1 and 0.7 cm a^-1). Results indicate good prospects for diversifying the composition of fast-growing forest plantations on grasslands and integrating slow-growing valuable species in plantation programs. Studies on other establishment methods, such as planting in gaps or lines, and further management practices as well as their effect on available light, moisture and nutrients are needed.     

金叶女贞嫩枝扦插生根效果的正交优化

采用L16(45)正交试验设计,研究了外源激素种类、激素浓度、枝条部位和浸泡时间对金叶女贞嫩枝插穗生根效果的影响。研究结果表明,外源激素种类(A)、激素浓度(B)、枝条部位(C)和处理时间(D)对金叶女贞嫩枝插穗根系效果指数的影响均达极显著水平,各因素对根系效果指数影响的主次顺序为枝条部位(C)>激素浓度(B)>处理时间(D)>激素种类(A)。以采用金叶女贞嫩枝枝条的中下部做插穗,经100 mg/L ABT2处理60 min生根效果为佳。其生根率为100%,插穗的平均根系数量为33.93条,平均根长为3.73 cm,根系效果指数为12.50。     

Crown architecture of understory and open-grown white pine (Pinus strobus L.) saplings

Crown architecture and growth allocation were studied in saplings of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.), a species classified as intermediate in shade tolerance. A comparison was made of 15 understory saplings and 15 open-grown saplings that were selected to have comparable heights (mean of 211 cm, range of 180-250 cm). Mean ages of understory and open-grown trees were 25 and 8 years, respectively. Understory trees had a lower degree of apical control, shorter crown length, and more horizontal branch angle, resulting in a broader crown shape than that of open-grown trees. Total leaf area was greater in open-grown saplings than in understory saplings, but the ratio of whole-crown silhouette (projected) leaf area to total leaf area was significantly greater in understory pine (0.154) than in open-grown pine (0.128), indicating that the crown and shoot structure of understory trees exposed a greater percentage of leaf area to direct overhead light. Current-year production of understory white pine was significantly less than that of open-grown white pine, but a higher percentage of current-year production was allocated to foliage in shoots of understory saplings. These modifications in crown structure and allocation between open-grown and understory white pine saplings are similar to those reported for more shade-tolerant fir (Abies) and spruce (Picea) species, but the modifications were generally smaller in white pine. As a result, white pine did not develop the flat-topped "umbrella" crown structure observed in understory fir and spruce, which approaches the idealized monolayer form that maximizes light interception. The overall change to a broader crown shape in understory white pine was qualitatively similar, but much more limited than the changes that occurred in fir and spruce. This may prevent white pine from persisting in understory shade as long as fir and spruce saplings.     

叶芽组培西洋杜鹃最佳生根途径试验研究初报

为了克服西洋杜鹃(Eurhododendron)组培快繁移栽成活率低的问题,对其进行了组培最佳生根方式试验,结果表明,叶芽(茎尖)组织培养的新株,用生根粉处理进行扦插水培,其生根率达90%以上,较试管培养高16%,较基质扦插高50%;育苗周期较试管培养和基质扦插缩短约20 d;移栽成活率较试管培养和基质扦插分别高35%和84%。因此,用生根粉处理后进行扦插水培是西洋鹃最佳生根方式。     

马尾松扦插育苗技术及造林试验

对马尾松进行扦插育苗及造林试验,结果表明：采穗阑剪顶促萌时间以7月25日至8月10日为宜,剪顶高度以8cm为宜,可产合格穗条600万条／hm^2;培育扦插苗先于1999年12月15日至2000年1月15日在沙床寄插,然后于2000年3月20日至4月10日移栽到苗圃培育。2001年2月出圃时,平均苗高22．6cm,地径0．44cm.扦插苗造林5年生幼林的生长量与生物量均优于对照（实生大田苗造林）,幼林树高、当年高生长量、胸径、地径、冠幅、单株材积各项生长指标差异的趋势基本一致,即：扦插苗〉容器苗〉大田苗。     

蔗糖和B_(12)对昆明地区油橄榄扦插生根的影响

在昆明市海口林场种植的油橄榄树干较易萌芽,芽条生长快,但是由于管理粗放,插穗营养不良,扦插难生根。因此,从油橄榄喜光、耐高温且插穗营养不良的角度出发,在高温高湿条件下,针对蔗糖、B12及插床设计对油橄榄扦插生根的影响进行试验研究。结果表明,插穗经采用100 mg/l IBA+5%蔗糖+10 ml B12浸泡2 h处理生根率可达69.3%,平均不定根数可达10.9条,平均不定根长4.2 cm,根系效果指数为0.60。插床空间越小,生根效果越好。