鸡毒支原体敏感药物的筛选

用泰乐菌素、强力霉素、罗红霉素、红霉素、丁胺卡那霉素、庆大霉素、环丙沙星、双氟沙星、呋喃唑酮、呋喃他酮、泰妙菌素等药物对3株鸡毒支原体进行体外抑菌试验。结果证明，它们对鸡毒支原体均有抑菌作用，但以泰乐菌素、泰妙菌素、环丙沙星和双氟沙星抑菌效果最好，达到10^-8g／L。     

鸡毒支原体不同地区分离株对常用抗菌药物的敏感性试验

从广东、四川和北京等地疑似鸡毒支原体感染鸡中分离并利用种特异性基因（fMG-2）PCR方法鉴定了51株鸡毒支原体,并测定了这些分离株对常用抗菌药物的敏感性。结果表明,三个地区临床分离鸡毒支原体对泰乐菌素仍然保持较好的敏感性,可作为鸡毒支原体感染的首选药物。三个地区的鸡毒支原体对林可霉素和庆大霉素敏感性显著下降,广东、四川两地分离株对强力霉素也有明显耐受性,部分广东分离株对氟喹诺酮类药物敏感性显著下降。     

鸡滑液囊支原体病药物治疗与疫苗免疫及两种方法联合比较试验

SPF鸡群经过人工感染鸡滑液囊支原体后,采用三种方法进行比较,药物泰乐菌素治疗、鸡滑液囊支原体灭活疫苗免疫及药物治疗联合疫苗免疫。结果显示:用泰乐菌素治疗联合鸡滑液囊支原体灭活疫苗免疫,鸡群平均净增重的提高、发病程度的降低效果明显优于其他两种方法;药物治疗联合疫苗免疫保护率达到80%,而单纯使用药物治疗保护率达到60%,单纯使用鸡滑液囊支原体灭活疫苗保护率达到50%。     

泰乐菌素对鸡毒支原体在体内外的抑菌治疗试验

泰乐菌素对鸡毒支原体在体内外的抑菌治疗试验宁宜宝中国兽药监察所，北京１０００８１收稿日期：１９９６－０４－１１利用磷酸泰乐菌素和酒石酸泰乐菌素在试管中和鸡体内分别对鸡毒支原体进行了抑菌和治疗试验，结果表明：这两种药物在试管中都能有效地抑制鸡毒支原体的...     

一例种公鸡泰妙菌素和莫能菌素中毒的诊治

正鸡滑液囊支原体病,是由鸡滑液囊支原体(MS)引起的传染病,该病特征为关节、腱鞘和脚掌肿胀,气囊有干酪物。临床常用防控药物有泰乐菌素、泰妙菌素、强力霉素、金霉素、土霉素、红霉素、林可霉素、庆大霉素、恩诺沙星、泰万菌素、沃尼妙林等,还包括中药山花黄芩提取物。泰妙菌素主要用于防治鸡慢性呼吸系统疾病和鸡滑液囊支     

复方中药制剂“慢呼宁”对鸡毒支原体病的治疗试验

将人工感染鸡毒支原体的15日龄AA肉鸡,按常规方法随机分为6组:复方制剂"慢呼宁"高、中、低剂量组,泰乐菌素组,感染对照组,健康对照组。用药组每天给药2次,连续5 d,停药后继续观察15 d。结果表明:当饮水中药物浓度为1.5%、1.0%时,连用5 d,对感染鸡有明显的疗效,能显著降低血清抗体反应阳性率,气囊损伤减少率分别为93.8%、90%,试验鸡的支原体抗体阳性检出率为20%、40%,相对增重效果明显。上述结果表明,复方中药制剂"慢呼宁"对鸡毒支原体病有较好的预防和治疗效果,其作用优于泰乐菌素。     

中药果根素对人工感染鸡毒支原体病鸡的治疗试验

采用鸡毒支原体标准株感染健康的7日龄鸡毒支原体阴性鸡,用1.33‰(高剂量)、0.67‰(中剂量)、0.33‰(低剂量)的果根素进行混水饮用治疗,以500 mg/L的泰乐菌素饮水治疗为对照,通过治愈率、平均体质量、科肉比和气囊损伤的减少率评价其治疗效果.结果表明:高、中剂量的果根素对鸡毒支原体感染的治愈率均在96.67%以上·且能明显提高感染鸡平均增重,降低料肉比,减轻MG对气囊的损伤,作用相当于泰乐菌素.     

中药复方制剂对感染鸡毒支原体病鸡的治疗试验

将经临床鉴别诊断和实验室综合诊断为鸡毒支原体感染的2 673只病鸡随机分为5组,分别用1.33‰(高剂量),0.67‰(中剂量),0.33‰(低剂量)的中药复方制剂进行混水饮用治疗,以500mm/L的泰乐菌素饮水治疗为对照,通过病死率、临床症状、治愈率及体重增长评价其治疗效果.结果表明,低剂量组治愈率为94.00%,中剂量组治愈率达到99.09%、高剂量组治愈率为98.91%,泰乐菌素的治愈率为94.18%;中药复方制剂治愈的鸡群出栏时平均体重与健康群相当.     

一例鸡毒霉形体病的诊断与体会

岱岳区某规模化鸡场发现疑似毒霉形体病鸡，通过病原分离获得鸡毒霉形体（支原体），体外抑菌试验结果发现鸡毒霉形体对泰乐菌素、红霉素和北里霉素高度敏感。本研究为该鸡场临床准确用药提供科学指导，对鸡毒霉形体病的准确诊断以及治疗提供一定的理论依据。     

替米考星对鸡败血支原体的体外抑菌试验

以试管两倍稀释法测得替米考星及对照药物强力霉素、红霉素和泰乐菌素对鸡败血支原体的体外最小抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为0.006 25 mg/L0、.025 mg/L0、.1 mg/L、0.025mg/L。     

鸡IBD蜂胶囊毒灭活苗的制备及其最佳用量的筛选

以典型发病鸡群的法氏囊为组织源，以蜂胶为佐剂，按病毒性动物组织灭活疫苗制造基本程序制备灭活苗；以不同的剂量皮下接种．GIBD母源抗体的10日龄AA肉鸡，按常规方法检测其不同免疫期的AGP抗体阳性率、AGP效价和对强毒攻击的保护率。结果显示：0．5mL／只剂量组的受试鸡AGP抗体的阳性率在免疫后10d达到60％，20d上升到100％，90d仍有80％的阳性率。在免疫后第20、50d的攻毒试验中，保护率均为100％。     

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting antibodies to Pasteurella multocida in chickens

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to detect the humoral antibody response in chickens receiving subcutaneous injections of the CU vaccine strain of Pasteurella multocida. Serum samples were collected twice weekly for 3 weeks, and chicken antibody responses were monitored using ELISA. The positive/negative ratio method of analysis was used to determine the antibody titer of vaccinated chickens. After a loge transformation of the ELISA titer, a linear relationship was confirmed between ELISA titer and positive/negative ratio. Regression analysis was used to construct a standard curve and derive an equation from this relationship. Using this equation, only one dilution was needed to determine the antibody titer of any unknown serum sample. The ELISA technique was used to monitor the mean antibody titer of vaccinated chickens over the 3-week period. A classic primary response curve occurred when titer was plotted against time.     

Identification of the antigenic components of the virulent Mycoplasma gallisepticum (R) in chickens: their role in differentiation from the vaccine strain (F)

The antibody response to different proteins of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) was studied in chickens experimentally infected with virulent MG R strain. The chickens were challenged at 8 weeks of age by the intranasal route. Each cockerel received 1.3 X 10(6) colony-forming units (CFU). MG strains (R and F) were banded by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The banding pattern was distinctively different between the two strains in the range of 92.5 to 200 kilodaltons (kD). Chicken sera collected at different times following challenge were analyzed by Western blot to determine the patterns of antibodies raised to specific MG proteins (R versus F strains). Early in infection (2 weeks postchallenge), antibodies to 60-kD and 75-kD polypeptides of MG R strain were produced. Subsequently (greater than or equal to 4 weeks postchallenge), antibodies recognized a larger number of MG antigens in both strains. The immunoblot patterns remained the same in the period 8-11 weeks postinfection in each of the two strains; however, the patterns were different when the two strains were compared. The early response recognized the 75-kD protein in the R strain while it recognized the 80-kD protein in the F strain. The late response recognized the 130-kD protein and the protein slightly heavier than 200 kD in the R strain. These two bands did not appear in the immunoblot performed against the F strain of MG. Electroeluted protein of MG R strain, namely adhesin (75 kD), showed a hemagglutination activity (HA) on chicken red blood cells. With the appearance of antibodies specific to the 60-kD and 75-kD polypeptides, there was a significant rise in hemagglutination-inhibition geometric mean titer of chicken sera.     

复方中药提取物在新城疫B_1株免疫中的免疫增强作用

用自制的中药提取物与新城疫Ｂ１株混合后免疫５５日龄鸡，以血凝抑制试验测定新城疫抗体效价。结果表明，５５日龄鸡的中药提取物最佳用量为１．０ｍＬ，试验组鸡ＮＤ抗体效价明显高于对照组。免疫后６０ｄ用Ｆ４８Ｅ８新城疫强毒进行攻击，试验组的保护率达到１００％，而对照组相对较低。     

Detection of serum antibodies against Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae by a dot-immunobinding technique

Both Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and M. synoviae (MS) antigens prepared for the routine haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test were diluted and absorbed to the separate pieces of durapore membrane for the measurement of dot-immunobinding (DIB) titers of test sera. Besides, durapore strips bearing both antigens were employed for a DIB test with chicken sera definitely diluted 100-fold. Shortening of reaction time of chicken sera with antigens as well as with the secondary serum markedly eliminated non-specific DIB reactions exhibited at low dilutions although the same condition was not so effective on the elimination of non-specific reactions among rabbit hyperimmune sera. Rapid and specific development of DIB antibody which continued at high titer up to 1:640 for 10 weeks postinoculation was proved in the sera of SPF chickens inoculated with MG or MS, while DIB titers of sera from uninoculated chickens remained 1:20 or lower. Non-specific reactions, which occurred in the routine serum plate agglutination test with a part of sera from the inoculated chickens, were not exhibited in the DIB as well as in the HI test with the same sera. Results of the DIB test with serum samples from 287 conventionally reared chickens definitely diluted 100-fold coincided with the results of HI test at a level of 90% with MG and 89% with MS antigen. This technique seems to be useful for a rapid, simple and specific diagnosis of avian mycoplasmosis.     

Increase of antibody titer against Leucocytozoon caulleryi by oral administration of recombinant R7 antigen

In this study, we examined oral administration with recombinant R7 (rR7) antigen expressed in Escherichia coli using chicken leucocytozoonosis subunit vaccine (LV)-vaccinated and unvaccinated chickens. Only LV-vaccinated chickens showed re-induction of anti-second-generation schizont (2GS) antibody. Also, LV-vaccinated chickens whose anti-2GS antibody titer was middle-level showed increases of the antibody titer compared to vaccinated-control chickens (P>0.01, >0.05) after oral administration with rR7 antigen.     

鸡毒支原体SJ株的生物学特性及结构蛋白分析

对鸡毒支原体(MG)SJ株的生物学特性及结构蛋白进行分析,试验结果表明该菌株易于猪血清培养基中生长,并经5次传代后生长趋于稳定。与F株比较,SJ株对鸡胚气管环纤毛的损伤更为严重。SDS-PAGE图谱显示SJ、F和PG31之间的蛋白条带略有差异,暗示了结构蛋白的这些细微变化可能是MG致病的重要因素。     

一种鸡抗猪丁型冠状病毒阳性血清的制备方法

为研究能否用鸡制备出猪丁型冠状病毒(PDCoV)阳性血清。将PDCoV用BEI灭活制备抗原,抗原与矿物油佐剂乳化制备疫苗,疫苗多次免疫SPF鸡,采集血清,检测血清中和效价、将血清用于IFA检测PDCoV。血清中和效价随免疫次数增加逐渐增高,4免后14日的中和效价平均值为1300;中和效价1000左右的血清混合作为阳性血清,1000倍稀释可用于IFA检测PDCoV。实验说明,用鸡制备PDCoV阳性血清的方法成立,制备的阳性血清可用于中和实验、IFA检测PDCoV。     

检测鸡慢性呼吸道病抗体ELISA方法的建立

用败血支原体（ＭＧ）Ａ５９６９株制备ＥＬＩＳＡ抗原,与抗鸡ＩＧ单抗ＩＢ７酶结合物建立了检测鸡血清抗体水平的间接ＥＬＩＳＡ方法,交叉试验、阻断试验、重复性试验等表明该方法重复性好、特异性强、灵敏度高。确立了将鸡血清６４倍稀释监测ＥＬＩＳＡ效价（ＥＴ）的回收方程ｙ＝１．３８３＋０．２２４ｘ,可用于定量测定,血凝抑制试验（ＨＩ）与ＥＬＩＳＡ比较试验表明,ＥＬＩＳＡ法比ＨＩ试验敏感性高４倍以上。     

中药复方散剂对肉鸡生长及鸡新城疫灭活油苗免疫效果的影响

将玉屏风散、十全大补汤、六味地黄丸三个中药复方散剂分别按1%剂量添加到科宝快大型白鸡日粮中, 于雏鸡14日龄, 按0.5 ml/只剂量肩部肌肉注射鸡新城疫灭活油乳剂疫苗, 即日起饲喂上述饲料, 并按40 mg/kg剂量胸肌注射环磷酰胺,每天1次, 连续3天; 免疫后第10天、 20天、 30天采血检测鸡新城疫HI抗体效价,观测鸡增重情况,免疫后第15天、 25天检测血清总蛋白含量.实验结果表明,玉屏风散、六味地黄丸能显著提高鸡新城疫HI抗体效价(P<0.05),十全大补汤的作用不明显;玉屏风散、十全大补汤能显著增加肉鸡体重(P<0.05),六味地黄丸的作用不明显,实验组鸡死亡率均降低;玉屏风散、十全大补汤能显著提高血清总蛋白含量(P<0.05),六味地黄丸的作用不明显.