苗圃转让

今年顺义区苗圃绿化、美化苗木达1120多种、1．12亿株。其中油松、白皮松、华山松、雪松、桧柏、侧柏等常绿树13157亩，1650万株，占育苗总面积的23％；连翘、碧桃、榆叶梅、紫叶李、紫蔽、紫荆、月季、玫瑰、黄刺梅、黄杨、女贞等花灌木5468亩，1455万株，占育苗总面积的10％；白腊、元宝枫、栾树、国槐、银杏、合欢、龙爪槐、杜仲、千头椿、金丝柳、各种品种杨等落叶乔木37375亩，8095万株，占育苗总面积的67％。     

大丽花块根繁育和栽培技术

大丽花(Dahlia pinnata Cav)菊科，大丽花属，多年生草本，原产墨西哥，又名大丽菊、大理花、天竺牡丹、西番莲、地瓜花，具有植株粗壮、花期长、花朵硕大，品种繁多、花色鲜艳、适应性强等特点。是美化公园，布置庭院、花坛、花境以及切花陈设的较好花卉材料。大丽花为世界名花之一，目前世界约有3万多个品种，我国有500余品种。     

木棉嫁接繁育技术

木棉(Gossampinus malabarica)又名攀枝花、红棉、英雄树、烽火树,属木棉科木棉属落叶高大乔木.木棉广泛分布在我国四川、云南、贵州、广西、广东,生长在江河沿岸、山地阳坡及村边道路旁,喜光、耐高温,对土壤要求不苛刻.在四川攀枝花地区木棉树于1月-2月份开花,先花后叶,花色艳丽,有红色、金黄、淡黄色等颜色,树形高大伟岸,是优良的园林绿化树种.木棉树现是攀枝花市市花和广州市市树,在园林绿化中常作行道树、庭荫树、景园树、盆景树等.木棉经嫁接后2 a-3 a开花,嫁接苗可作盆景矮化栽培,观赏价值高.本文介绍了木棉的嫁接育苗技术.     

One compound approach combining factor-analytic model with AMMI and GGE biplot to improve multi-environment trials analysis

To improve multi-environmental trial(MET)analysis,a compound method—which combines factor analytic(FA)model with additive main effect and multiplicative interaction(AMMI)and genotype main effect plus genotype-by-environment interaction(GGE)biplot—was conducted in this study.The diameter at breast height of 36 open-pollinated(OP)families of Pinus taeda at six sites in South China was used as a raw dataset.The best linear unbiased prediction(BLUP)data of all individual trees in each site was obtained by fitting the spatial effects with the FA method from raw data.The raw data and BLUP data were analyzed and compared by using the AMMI and GGE biplot.BLUP results showed that the six sites were heterogeneous and spatial variation could be effectively fitted by spatial analysis with the FA method.AMMI analysis identified that two datasets had highly significant effects on the site,family,and their interactions,while BLUP data had a smaller residual error,but higher variation explaining ability and more credible stability than raw data.GGE biplot results revealed that raw data and BLUP data had different results in mega-environment delineation,test-environment evaluation,and genotype evaluation.In addition,BLUP data results were more reasonable due to the stronger analytical ability of the first two principal components.Our study suggests that the compound method combing the FA method with the AMMI and GGE biplot could improve the analysis result of MET data in Pinus teada as it was more reliable than direct AMMI and GGE biplot analysis on raw data.     

Review of Studies on Structural Features,Regeneration Features and Management of Natural Spruce-Fir Mixed Stand of Coniferous and Broadleaved Trees in China

Natural spruce-fir mixed stand is one of the main forest types in the world,and also has huge ecological,economic and social benefits.According to the structural characteristics and succession laws of natural spruce-fir forest,it is urgent and significant to develop scientific management measures for natural spruce-fir mixed stand in line with local conditions.The article outlined the characteristics of the distribution and structure, regeneration and succession laws of natural spruce-fir forest,and analyzed the current situation and existing problems of natural spruce-fir forest management.The following recommendations were eventually made:1) In no cutting area,all logging activities should be banned.In a restricted cutting area,the cutting intensity should be generally controlled within 15%of the stock volume before cutting.On the commodity forest management area, the appropriate cutting intensity should be determined according to the volume per hectare,determine and classification management should be implemented in accordance with the characteristics of forest,to ensure the scientific selective cutting.2) Closure for afforestation,planting and repair planting should be adopted on vegetation-intensive land,sparse shrubs covered land and harvesting slash,in order to accelerate natural regeneration.3) The in situ conservation should be conducted in nature reserves and scientific experiment stations of rare and endangered species,such as Abies chensiensis,Picea neoveitchii,Abies vuanbaoshanensis,to reduce human destruction.4) It is supposed to collect seeds in time,establish nursery,actively establish forest, expand artificial population and promote natural regeneration.     

环保杀虫装饰涂料

蚊子、苍蝇、螳螂、臭虫、蜘蛛、蚂蚁之类害虫,在家庭、工厂、办公室、医院、学校、酒店等地,随处可见,无处不入.这些昆虫不但给人们的生活带来很多烦恼,更重要的是,他们导致疾病传播,从而严重危害人们的身体健康.所以,根除害虫,改变居住环境,早已成为人们关注的问题.     

减肥即食营养大米

肥胖是一种常见的慢性疾病,它是由于生理化机能的改变而引起的体内脂肪沉积量过多,造成体重增加,导致机体发生一系列病理、生理变化的病症.肥胖症是一种全身性代谢疾病,除引起身体外形的改变外,过多的脂肪可带来物理性的负荷,还是各种疾病的"培养箱".肥胖人群平均寿命明显低于正常体重的人群,同时肥胖症还是心血管疾病、糖尿病、脂肪肝、肿瘤的温床,它是一种营养代谢性疾病.减肥首先必须从能量的摄入入手,减少热能的吸收.     

聚氯乙烯合金生产技术

当前现代化的航天、航空、汽车、机械、电子、民用建筑、化工等行业迫切要求具备很高的力学性能及耐热、耐磨、耐化学性能的材料.因此高分子材料发展的一个重要方向就是通过对现有聚合物进行物理和化学改性,使其进一步高性能化、结构化、工程化.北京化工大学研制的聚氯乙烯合金是通过挤出机的力学、化学作用及接枝、复合技术使聚氯乙烯塑料工程化,成为物理性能可与ABS相比拟的新材料.聚氯乙烯合金具有高流动性、高韧性,完全可以代替ABS注塑计算机、电视机、冰箱、照相机、仪表等外壳.聚氯乙烯合金还具有良好的耐寒性,可制作各种规格的异型材,包括门窗、上水管道等.产品市场前景好,具有很强的竞争力,有很好的经济效益和社会效益.     

Multi-Objective Genetic Based Pore Combination Recognition

This paper proposes an automatic method of pore combination recognition,which is an important feature to hardwood recognition.After extracting edge from wood microscopic cross-section, based on area histogram of the similar circle regions,the method classifies all regions into two classes with maximum between-class variance,so as to distinguish the pore from other textures,which are similar in shapes but different in sizes.Meanwhile, second objective function about average area of closed regions is used to improve the pore segmentation performance.At last,the method uses adjacency degree of pore set to judge pore combination.The experiments demonstrate that the task of pore segmentation can be completed successfully for all kinds of pore distribution and combination,and also the correct combinations of pores are given.     

Discussion on Spatial Optimization Modeling of Water Resource Conservation Forests and Management Practice of Forest Functions

According to the unification principle of system structure and system function of the Water Resource Conservation Forests,seven factors were selected from stand spatial structure,trees structure and healthy of woods,the multifunction management optimization model target was confirmed by using nonlinearity multi-objective programming approach, and the target function-stand spatial structure homogeneity index was defined to establish spatial optimization models with restraining conditions set up in diversity of stand structure and spatial structure.The spatial structure of available typical stand in the wet land area in southern Donting Lake was optimized by means of selective cutting and reinforcement planting.The results showed that the spatial structure was improved obviously and trees diversity and stand health were not weakened.It’s suggested that the established optimization model can effectively guide multifunction management,stand structure optimization and the steadiness of ecological ecosystem and it is convenient and operable in practice,and it’s very important to protect and recover ecosystem of Water Resource Conservation Forests.     

竹材碎料表面处理对竹塑复合材性能影响的研究

笔者以竹材碎料和热塑性废塑料为原料,通过热压方式将其加工成竹塑复合材,分别比较了竹材碎料表面高温处理、聚乙烯醇处理、马来酸酐处理、酯化处理、酚醛树脂处理对竹塑复合材物理力学性能的影响。结果表明:酚醛树脂和马来酸酐处理对竹材碎料与塑料结合界面有明显的改善作用,提高了竹塑复合材的物理力学性能,酚醛树脂处理后竹塑复合材的静曲强度为14.1MPa,弹性模量为2.4GPa,拉伸强度为6.8MPa,马来酸酐处理后竹塑复合材的静曲强度为14.9MPa,弹性模量为2.5GPa,拉伸强度为6.5MPa。     

整体叶轮数控电解加工的实验参数研究

介绍了整体叶轮所用材料、加工难点、加工方法及加工实验设备,并给出了粗、精加工参数。     

木材加工企业热能源自给问题的探讨

木材工业中干燥耗能与能源紧的矛盾日益突出，国外木材加企业在热能源自给方面技术已趋成熟，实施效果良好，为了增强国内企业节约能源的意识，本文详细测算分析了木材加工企业废料数量关系，提出了变废料为燃料、实现企业热能源自给的设想和依据。     

人工智能在木材加工中的应用

随着新一代人工智能技术不断取得应用突破,将人工智能技术与木材加工产业深度融合,实现木材加工产业智能化控制、精准化配置、高效率利用、可持续发展,是促进林业人工智能发展的主要任务之一.文中概述了人工智能算法及理论在木材无损检测与分类、木材干燥、木材优选加工等木材加工过程中的应用现状,分析了相关算法的不足之处,提出人工智能技...     

不同光质对美国红栌叶色表达的影响

以美国红栌为研究材料,使用4种不同颜色的转光膜对其进行35 d的遮光处理,然后测定其叶片内色素含量与营养物质组成。结果表明,不同光质处理会影响叶片的色素含量：1）红光和绿光处理下,叶绿素与类胡萝卜素含量显著高于对照,花色素苷的含量显著低于对照。2）蓝光处理下,叶绿素b含量显著低于对照,花色素苷含量高于其他3种光质处理的。3）黄光处理下叶片的叶绿素、类胡萝卜素及花色素苷含量均低于其他处理。4）叶片中氮在红光处理下含量最高,在黄光处理下含量最低;磷在蓝光、红光和绿光处理下含量均高于自然光处理,在黄光处理下含量最低;钾含量在蓝光处理下最高。5）除绿光外,其他3种光质处理下的可溶性糖含量均显著高于自然光处理。     

新世纪木工机械新理论研究的成果综述

综述了国内外木材加工机械行业的理论发展现状,找出了国内木材加工行业与国际先进水平的差距,提出了木材加工行业未来的发展趋势,总结了木工机械机电一体化技术的新成果和木工机械检测技术的新进展。着重介绍了新西兰林科院在木材视频技术和木材缺陷探测方面的一些研究成果,综述了人造板加工机械和木材加工机械的新理论研究。     

竹材加工方法分析

通过对竹材加工性质的研究,分析了竹材的8种基本加工方法.指出在选择加工方法和设备时,需针对目标产品的特殊性,结合竹材生理特性和理化性质,选择恰当的加工方法,优化生产工艺.     

浅论木塑新材料对机械设备的要求

介绍了木塑复合材料（WPC）的特点及其加工工艺,探讨木塑复合材料生产与木材加工、塑料加工对机械设备的不同要求。     

木工企业生产规模的优化决策研究

本文从企业与环境关系相互协调的角度出发，分析讨论了木材加工与综合利用利用企业的生产规模问题，探讨并提出了其决策模式．为实现此类企业生产规模决策优化，提供了一种有效的方法和途径．     

基于材料加工特性的家具设计研究

运用比较分析法、调查法等科学研究方法,对木材、竹材、金属、塑料4种材料的成型加工特性、连接工艺特性、表面处理特性进行了整合,对比了4种材料加工特性的优劣势,分析了4种材料加工特性在家具设计中的运用,最终验证了掌握材料加工特性是实现家具产品造型理想效果的前提与保障,为利用材料加工特性进行家具设计提供参考。