精液质量评定方法

精子质量的评估,对于人工授精技术和体外受精技术的应用具有重要意义。随着畜牧业的发展,精液检测已从常规的目测逐渐发展成多指标联合检测。目前,可用于反映     

动物精液品质评定方法的研究进展

人工授精和体外受精技术的广泛应用,使精液保存技术得到了快速发展。精子的质量和功能状态直接影响其受精能力。文章综合阐述了近几年动物精液品质评定的方法:精子质膜完整性检测、线粒体活性的测定、受精能力的检测和精液中酶活性的测定。     

精子质量分析仪与传统方法评定鸡精液品质结果比较

为了探究在禽类精液品质评定中能否应用精子质量分析仪,本实验利用精子质量分析仪对鸡精液进行品质评定,并将结果与用传统方法所测结果进行比较。结果表明,两种方法所测精子活率差异不显著(P0.05),精子密度差异极显著(P0.01),畸形精子数差异显著(0.01P0.05),畸形率差异显著(0.01P0.05)。     

家畜精液品质评定项目及其方法

精液品质评定的目的在于鉴定精液品质的优劣,以便确定配种负担能力,同时也检查对公畜饲养水平和生殖器官机能状态,是反映技术操作质量、检验精液稀释、保存和运输效果的依据。     

大熊猫精液品质评价方法

大熊猫精液质量的评估对人工繁殖大熊猫具有重要意义。目前,人工圈养繁殖的大熊猫主要采用精子运动能力、形态特征、质膜完整性、顶体完整性、与卵子的结合能力等指标来评定大熊猫的精子功能状态。该文对上述指标的评估方法进行了综述,并对目前采用的大熊猫精液质量评价方法中存在的不足进行了分析,对其发展前景进行了展望。     

解冻后的卵母细胞质量评定方法研究进展

卵母细胞的冷冻保存可为体外受精、核移植、转基因动物的研究提供更方便的材料来源,有助于优秀家畜的保种,被广泛应用于辅助生殖领域,同时可以避免胚胎研究过程中的伦理学和法律方面的限制。但是解冻后卵母细胞质量的评定工作各国学者的方法标准不一,不利于进一步研究。论文将从细胞和分子水平就解冻后卵母细胞的质量评定方法做一综述,旨在为解冻后卵母细胞质量的高效评定工作提供参考。     

家兔饲料营养价值评定方法进展

家兔饲料营养价值评定是研究其营养需要量的基础,也是配制最佳饲料配方的关键,对提高养兔业的生产效率、节约饲料资源具有重要意义。对家兔饲料营养价值评定方法进展进行综述,旨在为今后家兔饲料营养价值评定提供参考。     

影响干草质量的主要因素及其质量标准的评定方法

通过研究提出了用牧草种类成分、化学成分、可消化营养物质含量评定干草质量的指标。通过系统研究和生产实践及参照国外干草质量标准提出了既符合我国生产实际，又达到或接近国际标准的干草质量等级方案。     

牛冷冻精液质量评估研究进展

人工授精(AI)是第一代动物繁殖生物技术,最近几十年以来,研究人员已经探索出了许多评估冷冻-解冻后精液品质的新技术。由于精子质膜在低渗条件下的功能状态、离子分布及浓度和各种细胞器的功能都与冷冻解冻后精子的存活能力相关,冻精质量的评定也从最初的形态和主观活率分析,发展到更精确的染色质、质膜完整性及分解代谢活性的分子变化分析。但是,在实际应用当中,许多方法花费很大,况且单个的评估参数都与动物精子实际的受精力相关性不强。因此,要提高牛冻精质量的预言强度,应该将这些独立的参数结合起来,利用多元回归分析,建立一套更完美更精确的评估体系。     

清脂胶囊质量标准研究

目的:建立清脂胶囊的质量控制方法。方法:对清脂胶囊中白术、白芍、柴胡进行薄层色谱鉴别;采用HPLC法对芍药苷进行含量测定。结果:薄层色谱斑点清晰,阴性对照无干扰;芍药苷进样量在0.104-1.040μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.998 5),平均回收率为98.92%,RSD为0.61%(n=9)。结论:本研究建立的TLC和HPLC法专属性强、准确度高、重复性好,可用于清脂胶囊的质量控制。     

贞苓增免散的质量标准研究

通过对贞苓增免散进行定性鉴别、定量分析,建立该制剂的质量控制方法。本研究采用薄层色谱法对女贞子、茯苓进行定性鉴别;采用高效液相色谱法测定贞苓增免散中特女贞苷的含量,条件为:以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂、甲醇-水(40:60)为流动相、检测波长224 nm、流速1.0 mL/min、柱温室温、进样量10μL;同时采用硫酸-蒽酮法测定贞苓增免散中茯苓多糖的含量,以葡萄糖为对照品,硫酸-蒽酮溶液为显色剂,在620 nm处测定OD值。结果显示:薄层色谱斑点清晰、无阴性干扰、专属性强、分离度高,能有效鉴别女贞子、茯苓;加样回收试验测得特女贞苷与茯苓多糖的含量分别在0.03~0.30 g/L、0.052~0.100 g/L呈良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率分别为98.28%、99.20%,RSD分别为2.17%、2.22%;高效液相法测得贞苓增免散中特女贞苷含量为12.3 mg/g;硫酸-蒽酮法测得0.1 g/L中贞苓增免散中茯苓多糖含量为0.077 8 mg。本研究建立的方法简便易行、稳定性、重复性好,可有效控制贞苓增免散的质量。     

兽用中药质量标准分析方法验证中检出限测定方法研究

研究分析了ICH、偏差测定法和IUPAC关于检出限的概念和测定方法,通过样品试验比较了几种测定方法的差异,为兽用中药质量标准分析方法验证中检出限的实际测定工作提供参考.     

Influence of recovery methods and extenders on bull epididymal spermatozoa quality

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two extraction methods in combination with two different extenders in bull epididymal sperm collection. Testes from 23 sexually mature Limousine bulls were collected at the abattoir. Epididymal sperm recovery was performed using both the float-up (FL) and the retrograde flushing (RF) technique. Within extraction methods, half testes were processed with a Tris egg yolk extender and half with a Tris egg yolk-free extender. Sperm concentration, motility, viability and morphology were evaluated. Sperm concentration was not significantly different between methods. Flushing technique was significantly better than the FL method in terms of sperm quality, considering total motility (80.3 ± 2.3% vs 71.6 ± 2.0%, p < 0.001, respectively) and viability (84.5 ± 1.5% vs 77.2 ± 1.3%, p < 0.001, respectively). Egg yolk influenced positively motility and morphology in the FL method, whereas decreased viability in flushed samples. Results suggest the use of the RF technique to collect cattle epididymal sperm.     

不同类型稀释液对驴冷冻精液品质的影响

[目的]:对比分析各类型稀释液对驴冷冻精子活力、畸形率的影响,根据冻精解冻效果,筛选出适合驴精子冷冻的最佳稀释液,最适宜稀释比例,为驴冷冻精液研发提供参考.[方法]:实验共计14 d,采集6头种公驴精液,每份原精均分为3等份,分别用3种稀释液稀释,从而选取最优稀释液;按1:0.75、1:1.5、1:3、1:6不同比例混...     

The effect of transport on the quality of rabbit meat

The analyzed material included 40 hybrid rabbits slaughtered at the age of 90 days. The control group was transported directly after weaning, while the transport group was transported directly prior to slaughter. The experiment was designed to assess the transport stress, carcass and meat quality implications, taking into account the muscle type and sex. The transported animals were characterized by a higher level of blood cortisol, glucose and triglycerides (P < 0.0001), and a lower level of insulin (P < 0.0001) compared to the control group. In the presented study the time post‐mortem affected the pH decline in both rabbit groups (P < 0.0001). The lightness, redness and yellowness of rabbit meat were affected by the transport (P < 0.0001, P = 0.001 and P < 0.0001). The percentage of free water and its share in the total water was higher for the non‐transported rabbits compared to the transported ones (P < 0.0001). Moreover, the meat from the control group was characterized by greater plasticity compared to the transport group (P = 0.003). The chemical composition of rabbit meat was not changed by the effect of transport (P = 0.643–0.979). To conclude, the quality traits of meat from the transported hybrid rabbits clearly indicated the development of dark firm and dry‐like lower quality of meat.     

Trehalose in glycerol-free freezing extender enhances post-thaw survival of boar spermatozoa

Cryopreservation of boar semen is still considered suboptimal due to lower fertility as compared with fresh samples when glycerol, a permeating cryoprotectant, is used. Trehalose is a non-permeable cryoprotectant and nonreducing disaccharide known to stabilize proteins and biologic membranes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cryosurvival and in vitro penetrability of boar spermatozoa when glycerol was replaced with trehalose in a freezing extender. Ejaculated Berkshire semen samples were diluted in egg yolk-based freezing extender containing glycerol (100 mM) or trehalose (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mM) and cryopreserved using a straw freezing procedure. Thawed samples were analyzed for motility, viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and acrosome integrity. In experiment 2, penetrability of spermatozoa cryopreserved with 100 mM glycerol or trehalose was examined. Replacement of cryoprotectant glycerol (100 mM) with trehalose had no effect on sperm viability, but replacing it with 100 mM trehalose improved motility, MMP and acrosome integrity significantly. Sperm motility and MMP were considerably higher in 100 mM trehalose, whereas the acrosome integrity was substantially higher in 100–250 mM trehalose. The in vitro penetration rate was also significantly higher in spermatozoa cryopreserved with trehalose (61.3%) than in those cryopreserved with glycerol (43.6%). In conclusion, 100 mM non-permeable trehalose can be used to replace glycerol, a permeating cryoprotectant, for maintenance of better post-thaw quality of boar spermatozoa.     

Effect of active immunization against GnRH on testosterone concentration,libido and sperm quality in mature AI boars

Background

The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of the Improvac on testosterone concentration in blood serum, sexual behavior and sperm quality in matured AI boars. A total of nine Danish Landrace AI boars were included in the analysis.

Methods

The trial period lasted for 15 weeks and was divided into four periods: Control period: three weeks before vaccination; Period I – four weeks after first vaccination; Period II – four weeks after second vaccination, Period III – four weeks after third vaccination. Blood and sperm samples were collected at weekly intervals. Freshly collected sperm samples were analyzed.

Results

Testosterone concentration correlated with libido (r = 0.531; p < 0.001), volume of ejaculate (r = 0.324; p < 0.001) and the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa (r = 0.207; p < 0.05). Testosterone concentration rised significantly (p < 0.05) in 5–6 week of trial, e. i. after the first dose of Improvac and after this peak the level of testosterone further progressively decreased (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Results from this study indicate that active immunization of sexually matured boars against GnRH has negative impact on testosterone concentration, sexual behavior, volume of ejaculate and total number of normal spermatozoa in ejaculate.     

六茜素的质量标准研究

试验考察了六茜素的质量要求,试验包括澄明度测定、无菌检查、渗透压测定、溶血性试验、酸度测定、局部刺激性试验、热原检查、过敏反应试验、含量测定。结果表明,六茜素符和注射剂的一般要求(中国兽药典委员会,2005)。