引发肉鸡腹水综合症的病因及预防措施

肉鸡腹水综合症是一种常见的，由多种致病囚患引起的以腹腔积液的特征的疾病。多发生于快速生长期的肉仔鸡。随着肉鸡饲养业的迅速发展，肉鸡腹水综合症的发病率也在不断上升，一般发病率占10％～20％，严重时达30％以上。发病鸡致死率很高，已成为困扰肉鸡饲养业健康发展的难症之一。     

肉鸡腹水症综合防治的体会

肉鸡腹水症是肉鸡生产中一种常见非传染性疾病，临床上以腹水为主的循环、呼吸系统发生障碍综合症，主要发生于20～28日龄快速生长的肉鸡。其发病率和死亡率在不同地区、季节和品系的鸡群中差异很大，从低于1％到85％以上，通常为1-2％。但随着肉鸡生产率的提高和发展，此病的发病率呈上升趋势，给养禽业带来严重经济损失。     

浅谈肉鸡腹水症的中草药治疗

肉鸡腹水症是指临床表现以腹水为主的发生在肉鸡循环系统、呼吸系统的障碍性综合症，腹水症的发病对象以4～5周龄的小鸡居多，其发病率高达85％左右，特别是笼养的肉鸡和圈养鸡发病率更高。发病对象中死亡率占30％左右，因此肉鸡腹水症给养鸡户造成了巨大的经济损失，成为阻碍养鸡业发展的主要疾病之一，很多畜牧兽医工作者在防治本病上都做了大量的工作。     

麻黄桂枝五苓汤预防肉鸡腹水综合症试验

为寻求预防肉鸡腹水综合症的中草药方药，试验采用麻黄、桂枝、黄芩、黄柏等10味中草药组成麻黄桂枝五苓汤，进行防治试验。结果表明，常温育雏肉鸡腹水综合疽发病率为1．56％，而低温育雏发病率高达17．19％，差异极显著（P〈0．01）。在低温条件下，肉鸡腹水综合症发病率预防组为4．69％，模型组为17．19％，差异极显著（P〈0．01）。这说明麻黄桂枝五苓汤能有效地预防内鸡腹水综合症的发生，而且效果明显。     

冬季肉鸡腹水症的防治体会

１９９６年１２月下旬至１９９７年３月上旬，某场肉鸡群发生了以皮肤发绀，腹部膨大、腹腔积液为特征的肉鸡腹水症。发病率在５％～１５％之间，死亡高峰多发生在５～７周龄。死亡率在３％左右，但淘汰率却在５％以上，造成严重的经济损失，后采取相应的措施，取得了良好...     

西北地区白羽肉鸡腹水综合征及其综合防治

白羽肉鸡腹水综合征是肉鸡生产中一种常见的非传染性疾病，主要发生于肉鸡20～28日龄快速生长的阶段。其发病率和死亡率在不同地区、季节和品系的鸡群中差异很大，从低于1％到高于85％，通常为1％～2％。但随着肉鸡生产率的提高和发展，此病的发病率呈上升趋势，给养禽业带来严重经济损失。     

腹水灵治疗肉鸡腹水综合症的效果观察

应用中草药制剂“腹水灵”对肉鸡腹水综合症进行治疗试验,结果表明,该方治疗肉鸡腹水综合症的有效率为９３％,治愈率为７３％。对郑州地区几个肉鸡场和个体养鸡户的调查和“腹水灵”推广治疗的结果表明,调查鸡８０００余只,其发病率１０％～３０％,死亡率达５％～１０％,多在３～５周龄发病和死亡;其治疗有效率在９６％以上,治愈率在８７％以上。     

北方地区肉鸡腹水练冶征的防治

肉鸡腹水综合征是由多种致病因子引起的肉鸡以腹腔内潴留大最积液和右心室肥大为主要特征的疾病。本病常发生于肉用仔鸡，对快速生长的肉仔鸡危害更大。肉鸡腹水综合征在世界范围内广泛流行，凡有肉鸡的地方就有此病的发生。据统计，该病在世界范围内发病率为4．7％，我国发病率为5％-40％，而我国北方地区本病发病率要高于全国发病率，严重影响肉鸡养殖业的发展，故在我国北方应做好肉仔鸡腹水综合征的预防工作。     

夏季肉仔鸡大肠杆菌病继发腹水症的诊治

肉鸡腹水症是危害快速生长肉鸡的以浆液性液体过多积聚在腹腔为特征的非传染性疾病，常侵害3-6周龄快大型商品肉鸡，发病率和死亡率可高达20％～40％。本病发生有明显的季节性，气候寒冷的冬春季节多发。近年来在炎热的夏季也时有发生本病的报道．以大肠杆菌病继发肉仔鸡腹水症多见。现将平度某一肉鸡养殖场饲养的27日龄3800只AA肉鸡发病的诊治情况报告如下。     

肉鸡腹水综合征研究进展

肉鸡腹水综合征(Ascites Syndrome of Broiler,ASB),又称肺动脉高压综合征(Pulmonary Hyperten-sion Syndrome,PHS),是目前困扰和威胁肉鸡养殖业的难题之一,是一组以腹水为特征同时伴有心、肺功能衰竭等症状的综合征,病因复杂,一般认为与遗传、饲养管理、环境等因素密切相关。目前此病在我国存在相当普遍,发病率从3％～40％不等,冬季发生率高,并且发病后多以死亡告终,给肉鸡养殖业带来巨大损     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.