北京地区鸽子鹦鹉热嗜衣原体流行状况研究

<正>禽衣原体病主要是由鹦鹉热嗜衣原体(Chlamydophila psittaci,Cps)感染禽引起不同征候群的一种接触性人畜共患病,临床上以肺炎、心包炎、气囊炎、结膜炎为特征。     

鹦鹉热嗜衣原体分子生物学检测方法的研究进展

<正>鹦鹉热嗜衣原体(Chlamydophila psittaci)为鹦鹉热(Psittacosis)即鸟疫(Ornithosis)的病原体;同时,它具有广泛的感染谱,不仅能够感染130多种鸟类、数十种哺乳动物,也可以感染人引起相应的各种疾病。各种动物或人由于接触感染C.psittaci的家畜或禽鸟类的分泌物、排     

鹦鹉热嗜衣原体病例的诊断与治疗

1病例情况4月龄,雄性金头凯克鹦鹉,于2017年9月14日就诊,腹部增大,精神萎靡。主人在家尝试过给予鸽子药自行治疗1周,未见改善,遂来本院就诊。2 临床检查与诊断生病前体重130 g左右,就诊时150 g。明显腹围增大,下垂,精神状态不佳,虚弱。     

鹦鹉热嗜性衣原体感染SPF鸡和污染相关疫苗的初步调查

为初步调查SPF鸡感染鹦鹉热嗜性衣原体状况及相关SPF鸡胚源疫苗是否出现污染,本试验通过采集不同日龄的SPF鸡血清70份、SPF种蛋卵黄膜30份,收集市场上销售的SPF鸡胚源疫苗共41支,利用国产间接血凝试剂盒检测抗体,进口免疫荧光试剂盒分别测定其抗体、抗原阳性率,以评价SPF鸡鹦鹉热嗜性衣原体的流行状况和相关疫苗的污染状况。本试验结果显示,SPF鸡血清阳性率分别为31.4%(荧光法)、5.7%(间接血凝法);SPF种蛋阳性率33.3%,SPF鸡胚源疫苗平均阳性率31.7%。SPF鸡已经感染了鹦鹉热嗜性衣原体,且发现经鸡胚卵黄膜而传播病原的新途径,进而造成SPF鸡胚源疫苗出现衣原体污染。因此,加强SPF鸡鹦鹉热嗜性衣原体监测已势在必行。     

鹦鹉热衣原体疫苗研究进展

文章叙述了鹦鹉热衣原体的生物特性以及感染的宿主范围;鹦鹉热衣原体减毒活疫苗温度敏感株的培育及致病机理的研究;灭活疫苗灭活条件的研究,最佳免疫量,不同免疫途径的研究和我国对绵羊和猪鹦鹉热衣原体灭活疫苗的研究;以及鹦鹉热衣原体主要外膜蛋白基因工程亚单位疫苗和禽衣原体DNA疫苗的研究情况。     

新型滴鼻灭活鹦鹉热衣原体疫苗的免疫效力评价

【目的】探究由霍乱弧菌菌影(Vibrio cholerae ghosts, VCG)和纳米壳聚糖凝胶(Gel)组合制作的一种新型灭活衣原体疫苗复合佐剂是否可增强鹦鹉热衣原体原体(elementary body, EB)灭活抗原诱导动物机体产生的免疫应答。【方法】将60只7日龄SPF鸡随机分为4个组,分别为：EB+VCG+Gel组、EB+VCG组、Gel组和EB组。通过滴鼻途径免疫鸡群,免疫2次,每次间隔14 d,免疫后检测鸡血清中IgG抗体水平、淋巴细胞增殖指数、CD4⁺/CD8⁺T细胞比例、细胞因子(白介素-4(IL-4)、IL-10、IL-12和干扰素-γ(IFN-γ))含量及攻毒后鸡喉头排菌量和肺脏的病理损伤程度。【结果】与Gel和EB组相比,EB+VCG+Gel和EB+VCG组IgG抗体水平、淋巴细胞增殖指数、IFN-γ含量和CD4⁺/CD8⁺T细胞比值显著或极显著升高(P<0.05;P<0.01)。此外,与Gel和EB组相比,攻毒后第12天,EB+VCG+Gel组喉头排菌量极显...     

鹦鹉热衣原体基因工程疫苗研究进展

鹦鹉热衣原体(Chlamydia psittaci, Cps)是专性细胞内寄生、革兰氏阴性病原体,能在鸟类、人类和其它哺乳动物中广泛传播。Cps能够导致禽类的呼吸道和消化道疾病,引起家禽高热、腹泻、异常分泌物以及产蛋下降。常规衣原体疾病防控主要依赖于抗生素,但随着对食品安全的重视、养殖端减抗替抗的推行,需要开展生物安全和疫苗免疫等防控技术研究以预防衣原体感染。本文综述了Cps亚单位疫苗、DNA疫苗和活载体疫苗等基因工程疫苗的研究进展。。     

鹦鹉热衣原体的电子显微镜观察

本文介绍作者从内蒙古自治区分离到的鹦鹉热衣原体,通过超薄切片、阳性反差染色和喷金投影等技术,在电子显微镜下观察到的衣原体形态、大小、内部微细结构和生长繁殖过程中发育形式及形态特征,结果与前人所描述的基本相同。     

影响种鸽繁殖力的因素分析

1影响种鸽繁殖力的因素 造成种鸽不育不孕的原因很多,归纳起来主要有以下三方面:一是环境条件,二是先天性生理缺陷,三是疾病.这三方面因素都会不同程度地导致种鸽不育不孕.     

Development of a Chlamydophila psittaci species-specific and genotype-specific real-time PCR

A Chlamydophila psittaci species-specific real-time PCR targeting the rDNA ribosomal spacer was developed as well as a genotype-specific real-time PCR targeting the Cp. psittaci outer membrane protein A (ompA) gene. The SYBR Green-based species-specific real-time PCR detected Cp. psittaci genotypes A to F, and the recently discovered E/B genotype. The genotype-specific real-time PCR could easily distinguish genotypes C, D, F by use of TaqMan probes. Genotypes A, B and E could not be distinguished from each other by simply using TaqMan probes. For this purpose, non-fluorescent competitor oligonucleotides, had to be used next to the TaqMan probes. Genotype E/B could only be detected by use of a minor groove binder (MGB) probe. Both real-time PCR assays allowed reproducible, sensitive (10 rDNA or ompA copies/microL DNA extract) and specific detection of Cp. psittaci DNA. The genotype-specific real-time PCR was compared to ompA sequencing and ompA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis using five Cp. psittaci field isolates (99, 61/8, 7344/2, 8615/1 and 7778B15) each consisting of two different genotypes. The currently developed real-time PCR assays were used in a case study on a veterinary school and a turkey farm. In the veterinary school, Cp. psittaci genotypes D, E/B and F infection were detected in all five groups of turkeys, and one veterinarian who was taking care of all these turkeys. On the turkey farm, the presence of two Cp. psittaci genotype B infection waves was demonstrated in one randomly selected turkey, the first wave at the age of 6 weeks, and the second at the age of 12 weeks.     

Chlamydophila psittaci DNA detection in the faeces of cage birds

In this study, we investigated the shedding of Chlamydophila psittaci in faecal samples from cage birds using PCR testing. A total of 47 faeces samples were collected from four different aviaries. Main symptoms determined after clinical investigation and owner histories of the birds showed that the birds had respiratory system problems changing from mild to severe. They also showed conjunctivitis, diarrhoea or no symptoms at all. DNA extractions from faeces were performed with the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit. Following PCR with Cp. psittaci specific primers, 43 (91.5%) samples were determined to harbour-specific DNA. Only one bird from each aviary was found to be negative by PCR. As all the samples from birds showing clinical signs were PCR positive, these signs could be correlated to psittacosis in these birds. Cp. psittaci shedding in faeces was detected in all the aviaries. After restriction analysis of PCR amplicons with AluI enzyme, all the isolates showed the same RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) patterns with the control Cp. psittaci DNA. PCR following QIAamp DNA stool mini kit extraction of faecal samples was found to be a rapid, specific, sensitive, reproducible test, which did not need additional nested PCR of samples.     

Detection of Chlamydophila psittaci by using SYBR green real-time PCR

Chlamydophila psittaci is the causative agent of human psittacosis and avian chlamydiosis. This zoonotic pathogen is frequently transmitted from infected birds to humans. Therefore proper and rapid detection of C. psittaci in birds is important to control this disease. We developed a method for detecting C. psittaci by using SYBR Green Real-time PCR based on targeting the cysteine-rich protein gene (envB) of C. psittaci. This one step procedure was highly sensitive and rapid for detection and quantification of C. psittaci from fecal samples. This assay was also able to detect other zoonotic Chlamydophila species such as C. abortus and C. felis. The assay is well suited for use as a routine detection method in veterinary medicine.     

Isolation and characterization of peacock Chlamydophila psittaci infection in China

The objective of this study was to isolate and identify suspected pathogens from peacocks and peacock farmers with severe pneumonia and to investigate its potential association with peacocks' pneumonia, caused by Chlamydophila psittaci infection. A clinical examination of infected peacocks identified birds with symptoms of anorexia, weight loss, yellowish droppings, airsacculitis, sinusitis, and conjunctivitis, whereas the infected farmers showed high fever and respiratory distress. Immunofluorescence tests detected chlamydial antigens in pharyngeal swabs (12 of 20) and lung tissue samples (four of five) from peacocks. One of four swabs taken from farmers was also positive by the same test. Specific anti-chlamydia immunoglobulin G was detected in 16 of 20 peacocks and four of four peacock farmers. The isolated pathogen was able to grow in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken embryos and McCoy cell lines and was identified as Chlamydiae by immunofluorescence assay and PCR. Avian influenza virus, Newcastle disease virus, and infectious bronchitis virus were eliminated as potential causative agents after pharyngeal swabs inoculated onto the chorioallantoic membrane of embryonate eggs failed to recover viable virus. PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism indicated the ompA gene from the isolate was similar to that of avian C. psittaci type B. Three-week-old SPF chickens challenged with the peacock isolate via intraperitoneal injection showed a typical pneumonia, airsacculitis, and splenitis. Subsequently, the inoculating strain was recovered from the lungs of challenged birds. This is the first report of C. psittaci infection in peacocks and peacock farmers.     

The detection of Chlamydophila psittaci genotype C infection in dogs

Reports of canine chlamydiosis are infrequent, possibly because the pathogen is rarely considered to be a cause of disease in dogs. This report presents details of Chlamydophila psittaci infection in four bitches with recurrent keratoconjunctivitis, severe respiratory distress and reduced litter size (up to 50% stillborn or non-viable puppies) in a small dog-breeding facility in Germany. Cell culture and immunofluorescence examination of conjunctival, nasal and pharyngeal swabs revealed chlamydial inclusions. PCR and sequencing of ompA amplification products confirmed the presence of Cp. psittaci genotype C. The zoonotic potential of the pathogen was illustrated by evidence of disease in two children that lived on the premises with the infected dogs. There was circumstantial evidence to suggest infection of dogs and humans may have followed the introduction of two canaries and a parrot to the household. The persistent nature of the chlamydial infection suggests that dogs may be reservoirs of Cp. psittaci, but this putative role and whether or not dogs shed the pathogen require further investigation.