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罗氏沼虾是一种热带虾类,不耐寒冷,本地区露天室外养殖时间从5月中下旬至10月中下旬,生产周期155~160天。在生产实践中,使用塑料薄膜大棚培育池暂养早期苗,培育大规格幼虾于5月中旬出池放养,再将塑料薄膜掀去,将培育池重新清整、消毒后,于6月上旬培育后茬幼虾,8月上旬待前茬虾捕捞基本结束,再放养后茬幼虾进行饲养,形成罗氏沼虾两次放养多次捕捞的养殖模式。用这种方法,使有效养殖期延长了60天以上,缓解了商品虾集中上市的矛盾,大大提高了产量和经济效益。1 池塘条件1.1 幼虾培育池 选择水源清新、供电方便、阳光充足、保水… 相似文献
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为研究棕点石斑鱼有效的经济养殖模式,在海水池塘中构建网箱进行了养殖试验。放养全长12.42±0.37 cm的棕点石斑鱼鱼种5 000尾,经过11个月的养殖,养成的商品鱼平均体质量达493.35 g,平均全长达31.80±2.03 cm,养殖成活率为91.24 %。同时在网箱外部放养南美白对虾虾苗5万尾,收获成虾2 000对。试验结果表明,采用池塘网箱养殖模式,棕点石斑鱼的养殖周期可相对缩短,比港湾网箱养殖和工厂化半流水养殖分别缩短7个月和1个月。而在网箱外部放养南美白对虾,可以充分利用养殖水体,净化水质,提高养殖成活率和单位水体的产出能力。 相似文献
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为探索凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)健康生态养殖模式,在上海市金山区开展了凡纳滨对虾淡水土池三级养殖模式试验。试验将虾苗至成虾的养殖周期分为虾苗暂养(一级养殖)、幼虾培育(二级养殖)、成虾养殖(三级养殖)3个阶段,每年进行2茬养殖。3个阶段养殖池塘数量的比例为1∶3∶3,面积比为1∶80∶300,养殖密度分别为1.1万尾/hm2、98万尾/hm2、44万尾/hm2,养殖时长分别为20~25 d、30~42 d、35~60 d,两茬养殖间隔为30~35 d。试验结果显示,在无尾水净化设施设备的情况下,所有试验塘水质均符合淡水池塘养殖水排放要求;幼虾驯养(一级养殖)成活率为73.2%,幼虾培育(二级养殖)成活率为(88.4±4.5)%,成虾养殖(三级养殖)成活率为(57.7±5.1)%;单茬养殖单位产量为(3 427±230)kg/hm2,两茬合计单位产量为(6 855±452)kg/hm2,高于当地传统养殖模式的平均水平。结果表明,三级养殖模式具有产量高、发病率低、环境友好等优点,可作为凡纳滨对虾的一种健康生态养殖模式进行推广。 相似文献
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水硬度对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼发育的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用不同硬度的水对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼进行饲养。6周龄幼鱼在硬度为7.94°dH±0.30°dH时饲养84d后,比在硬度为14.71°dH±0.23°dH水中的幼鱼个体大,生长速度快。表明较高硬度的水有利于七彩神仙鱼幼鱼的生长发育。 相似文献
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The variation of virulence of Renibacterium salmoninarum , the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) in salmonid fish, was studied by infecting rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), with two isolates (strains 325 and 932) from diseased Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., and one isolate (strain 4366) from an apparently healthy Atlantic salmon. Coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), were injected with the strain 932 to estimate difference in fish species resistance. Fish were removed by random sampling for other study purposes, a study design possible with analysis of lifetime distributions incorporating both sampling-, death- and survival-times. At the end of the experiment, the rainbow trout infected with strains 325, 932 and 4366 had a survival probability of 33%, 51% and 72%, respectively. The coho salmon infected with strain 932 had a 26% survival probability. The strain differences were significant according to the log-rank test, and the risk ratio between the strains ranged from 1·8 to 5·4. The strain from the apparently healthy fish was least virulent. The survival of the fish species was different over time. Rainbow trout were more likely to die early in the time course, but high numbers of coho died later, resulting in an overall risk of mortality of 1·4 in favour of rainbow trout. Differences in virulence may reflect changed selective pressure on R. salmoninarum when introduced from feral stocks into the environment of fish farms. 相似文献
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《水生生物资源》2003,16(5):461-465
Anti-proteinase activity was demonstrated in the seminal plasma of cyprinid fish species (bream, chub, ide, dace, asp, goldfish, roach, common carp) using electrophoretic techniques combined with a detection method based on inhibition of bovine trypsin. We found species-specific protease inhibitors in the seminal plasma of cyprinids. At least three bands of protease inhibitors with different migration rates could be identified by native PAGE. Higher variability was characterized for bands with slower migration rates. Visualization of inhibitors after SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions allowed estimation of their molecular weights. Apparent molecular weights were within the range of 51–59 and 47–54 kDa for the bands with slower and moderate migration rates, respectively. The molecular weight of fast migration bands for roach and common carp were estimated to 23 and 30 kDa, respectively. Inhibitors of common carp seminal plasma differed in their affinity toward serine proteases. Three inhibitors in common carp seminal plasma could be visualized using cod and bovine trypsin, but only two inhibitors (of high molecular weight) were recognized with chymotrypsin. There were differences in anti-proteinase activity and seminal plasma protein concentration in relation to the origin of common carp seminal plasma (breeding lines) and time of milt collection (spawning vs. post-spawning season). 相似文献
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牙鲆刺激隐核虫病的防治 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2005年七、八月份,乐亭、滦南一带多家工厂化牙鲆养殖场发生刺激隐核虫病,此种病虫害发病急、传染快、死亡率高。发生过该病的养殖场牙鲆死亡率一般都在50%~80%之间,这种病害给牙鲆养殖业带来很大损失。 相似文献
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该研究通过肉眼观察、镜检,进行干露、饥饿、盐度突降、福尔马林等抗性试验,并采用病毒检测等方法,以期建立评估斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)虾苗活力和质量标准。结果表明,斑节对虾健康虾苗具有趋光性、集群性,体表光洁,肌肉透亮,肠胃食物充盈等特性。测试虾苗干露时间以15min为宜,健康虾苗干露后能立即恢复活力,而病弱虾苗多出现死亡、昏迷现象;虾苗的成活率随饥饿时间的延长而降低,随福尔马林浓度升高和时间延长而降低,随盐度突降幅度增加而降低。健康虾苗能忍受100~200μL·L^-1福尔马林溶液30min,成活率近100%;在盐度20~30下虾苗的成活情况较好,而其在淡水中仅能存活1h。对虾苗进行病毒检测,可以避免养殖中因虾苗携带病毒而可能导致的病毒性疾病的暴发。 相似文献
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鳟鱼发眼卵和旨种运输是养鳟生产的重要环节。发眼卵多在冬季和早春运输,苗种多在晚春和夏季运输。苗种运输大多以鱼篓充氧进行短距离汽车运输,长途运输冷水性鱼苗种的实例很少。本文总结了金鳟和虹鳟苗种长途运输方法,以期与养鳟业界共同交流提高。一、包装材料和方法内包装材料是苗种运输专用塑料袋,规格54×104cm,外包装是泡沫塑料箱,规格63.5×45.5×30.5cm,纸箱规格64×46×32.5cm。塑料袋采取双层式,内装苗种和水共12.5kg,其中苗种0.5-1.3kg,100-2000尾。起运前苗种停食1-2天。运鱼用水水温调至6℃,鱼、水入袋后袋内… 相似文献
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该研究选取具有多态性的6对微卫星引物对构建的2批合浦珠母贝(Pinctada fucata)完全双列杂交家系的遗传多样性进行了分析。6个微卫星标记在9个家系360个个体中共检测到32个等位基因,有效等位基因(Ne)为1.758 7~3.586 5,观测杂合度(Ho)为0.144 4~0.488 9,期望杂合度(He)为0.432 0~0.722 2,Shannon指数(I)为0.691 9~1.507 4。9个家系都有单态位点,平均Ho为0.129 2~0.466 7,平均He为0.155 0~0.439 6,平均I为0.248 5~0.712 2。有19个位点(占35.19%)极显著地偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡。各家系之间的遗传距离为0.109 0~1.137 2,遗传相似性系数为0.320 7~0.896 8。家系L4B46与L4B48的遗传距离最大,与D3D313的遗传距离最小。UPGMA法聚类分析显示,9个家系分为3支,L4B48单独成一支,B4D426、B4D427与D4B445聚成一支,其余家系聚成一支。该研究结果为合浦珠母贝家系选择育种的亲本选择与交配设计提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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猪的胎盘属于弥散型胎盘,这种胎盘的结构特点和饲养管理的不当,常常导致母猪胎衣不下发生,给生猪的生产繁殖带来极大损失。本文针对母猪胎衣不下发生病因、综合防治进行详细阐述,旨在对预防和治疗胎衣不下能有所帮助。 相似文献