超临界CO2萃取金柑籽油工艺

研究了超临界CO2萃取金柑籽油的最佳工艺,考察了萃取时间、萃取压力、萃取温度、CO2流量、解析压力、解析温度对萃取效果的影响。试验表明,在萃取温度为40℃、萃取压力为30 MPa、解析压力为10 MPa、解析温度为55℃和CO2流量为15 L·h^-1的条件下萃取率可达45.1%。     

超临界CO2流体萃取及其在茶叶上的应用

超临界CO_2流体萃取是近30年来发展较快的一种高效、选择性强的样品提取分离技术,现已被广泛应用于石油、化工、食品、医药、环保以及化学分析等领域,本文就超临界CO_2流体萃取的原理、特点及其在茶叶上的应用作一论述.一、超临界CO_2流体萃取的原理超临界流体萃取(SFE)最早由Zosel于196O年提出,它利用超临界状态下的流体作溶剂,在超出临界温度与压力下进行萃取.众所周知,通过改变压力与温度可以改变物质的状态,例如,通过降温或增压,可使气体变成液体.实验表明,采用单纯降温的方法可以使气体液化,但单纯增压则不能奏效,必须先把温度降低到一定范围,然后加足够的压力才能使气体液化.这个通过加压使气体液化所需的最高温度叫临界温度,在临界温度以下,使气体液化所需的最小压力叫临界压力.在CO_2的超临界(31℃,73atm)状态下,压力与温度一个较小的变化都会引起流体密度的大幅度改变,压力增大,CO_2流体密度增大,接近液体,是气体的数百倍,流动性与粘度接近液体,扩散     

印楝活性物质超临界CO2萃取技术

印楝(Azadirachta indica A.Juss)种子中含有大量杀虫活性较高的柠檬素类物质,印楝油可促进柠檬素类物质的稳定性和生物活性。本实验通过超临界CO2萃取得到含柠檬素类物质和印楝油混合的粗提物,以印楝素A为检测指标,使用均匀设计优化萃取工艺的压力、温度、时间和夹带剂的体积4个因子,确定最佳提取工艺条件为压力37MPa,温度43℃,时间165min,夹带剂的体积13mL,此时印楝种仁中印楝素A萃取率为0.37%。初步测定超临界CO2萃取产物对玉米象(Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky)成虫的驱避活性,并对该技术应用于印楝产业化的前景和可行性进行分析探讨。     

超临界CO2脱除茶叶咖啡碱的工艺改革研究

本文在大量实验基础上,研究了超临界CO2脱除茶叶中咖啡碱的工艺改革,着重讨论了影响咖啡碱脱除率的因素及茶叶风味的保存因素,结合产品质量分析,得到了预脱茶香和脱咖啡碱的两级萃取、茶香吸附和咖啡碱解析的两路分离、加稀乙醇作夹带剂的最佳工艺路线及参数,达到既保持了茶叶特别香味,又能有效脱除茶叶中咖啡碱目的.     

超临界CO2萃取人参脂溶性成分的GC-MS分析

目的 用超临界CO2萃取人参脂溶性成分,分析并测定提取物的主要成分和含量.方法 用超临界CO2萃取人参脂溶性成分.提取物用气相色谱质谱(GC-MS)联用法进行分析鉴定.使用面积归一法测定各成分相对含量.结果鉴定了44个化合物,主要为脂肪酸和酯(34)、挥发油.结论用超临界萃取人参,可以较好的获得其脂溶性成分.     

冷榨亚麻籽油的流变特性研究

通过低温压榨亚麻籽获得冷榨亚麻籽油(cold-pressed flaxseed oil, CFO),并分析了其主要理化指标,着重研究CFO的静态流变特性和动态流变特性,同时分别采用Casson、Herschel-Bulkley和Bingham模型对其流体行为进行拟合,并采用Arrhenius方程分析其粘度热动力学参数。研究结果表明：在剪切速率为0.1～200 s-1下,CFO由非牛顿流体逐渐转化为牛顿流体;当剪切速率大于10 s-1时,CFO呈牛顿流体;同时分析得出CFO的粘度活化能为3 095.4 cal/mol;CFO的粘度、剪切应力、损耗模量、塑性稠度系数、高剪切极限粘度和稠度系数随着温度升高而降低,但是温度变化对CFO的贮能模量影响不显著;另外通过比较3个流变模型得出Bingham模型适用于CFO。      

正交设计优化亚麻籽油提取工艺的研究

目的优选亚麻籽中亚麻籽油的超声波提取工艺。方法以亚麻籽油得率为指标采用超声波提取法对液料比,反应温度,提取时间和超声波功率四个因素进行单因素分析,并进行正交实验。结果超声波提取亚麻籽油的最佳提取工艺为液料比1:10,温度50℃,时间30min,功率280w。结论采用超声波提取技术可以大大缩短亚麻籽油的提取时间,提高提取率。     

超临界CO2萃取斜叶黄檀精油工艺优化及精油成分分析

本研究采用超临界CO2萃取斜叶黄檀中的精油,并分析精油的挥发性成分,主要考察萃取压力、萃取温度和萃取时间对精油得率的影响,通过正交试验确定超临界CO2萃取精油的最佳工艺条件,并通过气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）检测斜叶黄檀精油中的主要挥发性成分。结果表明:超临界CO2萃取精油的最佳工艺条件为萃取温度75℃,萃取压力35 MPa,萃取时间4 h,在此条件下精油的得率为4.7573%;从斜叶黄檀精油中共鉴定出13种挥发性组分,主要成分是榄香素和甲基丁香酚,分别占92.33%和3.18%。      

姜油树脂的超临界CO_2萃取条件及其抑菌活性

采用正交试验,优化了超临界CO2萃取姜油树脂的工艺条件,在压力22 Mpa,时间15 min,温度50℃,萃取率可达5.38%。抑菌试验结果表明,姜油树脂对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、痢疾志贺菌、苏云金杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均有一定的抑制作用,抑菌最低质量浓度为0.5～1.0 mg/mL。在不同温度或不同时间紫外光照条件下,姜油树脂仍有一定的抑菌作用,表明其具有一定的光、热稳定性。     

响应面法优化6^#溶剂油提取亚麻籽油工艺研究

利用响应面法对6#溶剂油提取亚麻籽油的工艺进行优化,分别对料液比、反应温度、反应时间、浸泡时间进行分析．建立二次多项式回归方程预测模型。结果表明：最佳工艺条件为料液比1：16g／mL、反应温度90℃、反应时间6h、浸泡时间38h。与超临界CO2萃取法相比,本方法生产成本大大降低,同时出油率提高0．5％     

超临界CO2萃取人参挥发油工艺的研究

目的确定人参挥发油超临界CO2萃取的最佳条件。方法通过超临界CO2萃取人参挥发油的单因素试验和正交试验,研究其萃取工艺条件,考察萃取压力,萃取温度,萃取时间,CO2流量对挥发油得率的影响。结果确定了超临界萃取人参挥发油的最佳条件:萃取压力30MPa,萃取温度40℃,萃取时间100min,流量25~30L/h。结论该条件下人参挥发油(粗油)的得率为0.880%,远远高于传统索氏法提取的人参挥发油得率。     

亚麻油粉末油脂制备的研究

以明胶、阿拉伯胶为主要壁材，采用复合凝聚法原理（G-A法），对亚麻油进行微胶囊化，从而制得一种微胶囊化效率高的粉末亚麻油产品。这种粉末油脂流动性好、外观好，是一种理想的保健品。     

亚麻籽酚类化合物抗氧化和油相迁移特性研究进展

亚麻籽除了富含植物来源n-3多不饱和脂肪酸ɑ-亚麻酸外,也是木酚素、酚酸等功能性植物化合物的重要来源。本文重点综述了品种和种植区域、成熟过程、不同预处理(萌动、烘烤/焙炒、微波)及制油工艺(压榨法、溶剂法)对亚麻籽典型酚类化合物丰度、存在形态、抗氧化及油相迁移特性的影响,以期为亚麻籽油的提质制取及高值化应用提供理论依据。     

Biocomposites based on flax short fibres and linseed oil

Insulating materials based on flax short fibres were prepared and their functional properties enhanced using linseed oil. In order to improve biocomposites hydrophobicity, the linseed oil was added to the initial formulation, mixed with the fibres and finally dried after the moulding process. Thus, the average water absorption of 10-40/140 g/g oil/fibres samples was reduced up to 10 times during the first hour of immersion, compared to the reference oil-free materials. Moreover, the linseed oil polymerization inside the lignocellulosic matrix, which occurred after 20 days of drying at 50 °C, also improved mechanical and thermal behaviour of biocomposites. Spontaneous combustion phenomena related to the exothermic oxidation-polymerization of linseed oil were described as well. Therefore, the process parameters such as oil/fibres ratio, drying time and temperature, were optimized to ensure the safety of the process and to avoid self ignition of the lignocellulosic fraction at temperatures below 200 °C.     

茶叶籽油的加工工艺及其保健功效研究进展

茶叶籽油是一种纯天然高级木本可食用油脂,具有很高的营养价值和保健作用,其不饱和脂肪酸含量超过80%,维E含量丰富,具有降血脂、抗氧化及调节免疫功能、抗癌、美容护肤等保健功效。经初加工的茶叶籽油色泽深,带有苦涩味,需精加工。本文就茶叶籽油的理化特性、成分组成、加工工艺及其保健功能作一综述,以期为茶叶籽油的综合开发利用提供参考和依据。     

Dietary flaxseed oil regulate lipid metabolism associated with modulation of gut microbiota in high-fat-diet fed mice

Accumulating data suggest that consuming dietary flaxseed oil(FSO)was a potential strategy for treating diet-induced lipid metabolism disorder(LMD).Effects of FSO on high-fat-diet(HFD)induced LMD and gut microbiota were studied in C57/BL6J mice.Results showed that FSO remarkably suppressed body weight gain induced by HFD and also attenuated LMD by decreasing levels of total cholesterol(TC),total triglyceride(TG),lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),non-esterified fatty acid(NEFA)and fasting bloodglucose(FBG)in serum.FSO treatment modulated mRNA expression level of genes associated with glucose and lipid metabolism.It regulated gut microbiome at different taxonomic levels by increasing proportions of beneficial Alistipes,Anaeroplasma,Bifidobacterium and inhibiting the growth of insulin resistance or obesity-associated bacteria such as Adlercreutzia,Dorea and Sporosarcina,compared with HFD group.Spearman's correlation analysis suggested that modulation of gut microbiota by FSO were closely related with LMD parameters.These findings might help us to better understand FSO impact on human health.     

Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction of Nigella sativa L. oil using full factorial design

In this study, Nigella sativa L. oil was extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide with full factorial design to determine the best extraction condition (pressure, temperature and dynamic extraction time) for obtaining an extract with high yield, antioxidant activity and thymoquinone (TQ) quantity. The maximum thymoquinone content in the highest overall yield was achieved through SC-CO₂ extraction condition of 150 bar, 40 °C, 120 min with the value of 4.09 mg/ml. The highest SC-CO₂ extraction yield was 23.20% which obtained through extraction condition of 350 bar, 60 °C and 120 min. The extraction conducted at 350 bar, 50 °C, 60 min showed the lowest IC₅₀ value (highest antioxidant activity) of 2.59 mg/ml using DPPH radical scavenging activity method. Fatty acid composition of the extracted oil with highest radical scavenging activity was obtained by gas chromatographic analysis.     

An investigation of epoxidised linseed oil as an alternative to PVC in flooring applications

This paper considers the replacement of some flooring materials that have well-documented sustainability issues with a material of lesser controversy. Many products used in the flooring industry contain a large amount of embodied energy and have issues with reuse, recycling and disposal. It has been argued that epoxidised linseed oil (ELO), made from renewable resources, could provide an attractive alternative to polyvinyl-chloride (PVC) flooring products in some applications. The objective of this study is to assess the effect of processing parameters on the final cure product of ELO and a di-acid cross-linker. The final cure product is assessed for the performance through a variety of methods standard to the flooring industry and compared to other flooring materials. This paper shows that for contract use, the product may have comparable performance to PVC products.