共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 52 毫秒
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两次投加竹炭对UASB反应器污泥颗粒化的促进作用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为考察竹炭不同投加方式对UASB反应器污泥颗粒化过程的影响,以猪场废水为培养基质,对比分析了试验组(启动初期和颗粒污泥形成后两次投加粉末竹炭)和对照组(仅在启动初期投加1次粉末竹炭)两台UASB反应器中污泥颗粒化过程。结果表明:在颗粒污泥出现后再次投加粉末竹炭可促进颗粒污泥的增殖与稳定,有利于大粒径颗粒污泥的形成和致密化,改善颗粒污泥沉降性能,进而提高有机物去除效果。试验运行至第57 天,试验组反应器底部和上部污泥颗粒化程度(SGR)分别为94.5%和60.7%,比对照组分别高出了7.9%和17.3%,其中试验组反应器底部粒径大于 1.7 mm的颗粒污泥质量分数达到了41.7%,而对照组仅为32.4%;试验组反应器化学需氧量(COD)去除率为81.6%,明显高于对照组(75.7%)。试验结果证明,在UASB污泥颗粒化过程中,于颗粒污泥出现后再次投加粉末竹炭,可加快UASB 反应器的启动。 相似文献
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两种厌氧反应器培养颗粒污泥的对比试验 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以养猪场废水作为试验用水,对在IC和UASB反应器内培养厌氧颗粒污泥的过程进行了对比试验,并对培养出的颗粒污泥的特性进行了对比分析。结果表明:经过54d培养,通过不同孔径的筛网进行测试,发现IC反应器内形成的颗粒污泥的直径多数在1~4 mm之间,其中2~3 mm的污泥质量占污泥总质量的比例最大,为28.5%,并且有大于5 mm的颗粒污泥产生;而UASB内形成的颗粒污泥直径多数在1~3 mm之间,其中1~2 mm的污泥质量占污泥总质量的比例最大,为38.7%,且没有发现大于5 mm的颗粒污泥。 相似文献
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针对泵站来流含沙条件下不同开机组合对进水系统泥沙浓度分布的影响问题,该研究开展了基于欧拉-欧拉算法的大型泵站进水系统固液两相流数值分析。首先,为了定量描述泥沙对流场均匀性的影响,对比分析了清水和浑水情况下进水流场的流速分布均匀度和回流系数,发现质量浓度10 kg/m3且粒径为25 μm的泥沙会使进水流场内的同轴漩涡变成沿水深方向更大尺度的螺旋状漩涡,进水池内的回流系数增长20.6%,流速分布均匀度下降8%。其次,通过对不同开机台数和机组组合方式下进水系统内泥沙浓度分布的对比分析,发现前池和进水池两侧边壁附近泥沙浓度最高,与引渠等宽的中心区域泥沙浓度最低,两侧边壁的泥沙浓度随开机台数的减少而增大,边机组不运行会破坏流场的对称性并在边机组与边壁区域形成死水区或漩涡区,增大泥沙浓度;基于开机组合的多工况分析,建立来流速度与流场内泥沙沉积效率的二次多项式模型。最后,开展了泥沙浓度与速度之间的相关性分析,发现泥沙浓度与横向速度平方呈幂函数关系,当泥沙粒径为25 μm且质量浓度为10 kg/m3时,进水流场的不淤速度为0.421 m/s,并且不淤速度随开机台数的减少而降低。研究结果可为含沙泵站进水系统防淤措施设计提供依据。 相似文献
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为了揭示多种金属离子共存的含盐废水生物处理系统污染物的去除机制和污泥特性,考察Na~+、K~+共存对A~2/O工艺污染物去除率、污泥性质和微生物群落的影响,采用高通量测序技术分析了厌氧区、缺氧区和好氧区的微生物群落结构,结合脱氮除磷效果和污泥性质的变化,探讨不同Na~+/K~+摩尔比下A~2/O工艺优势种群的演替规律,以期从微生物角度明确Na~+、K~+共存对含盐废水污染物去除率的影响。结果表明:当进水Na~+/K~+摩尔比分别为2、1和0.5时,A~2/O工艺的COD去除率分别为80%、84%和86%,TN去除率分别为73%、77%和80%,K~+浓度的提高缓解了Na~+对COD和TN去除率的抑制作用;厌氧区释磷率分别为70%、73%和74%,缺氧区吸磷率分别为53%、55%和58%,好氧区吸磷率分别为70%、72%和75%。随着进水Na~+/K~+摩尔比的降低,厌氧区、缺氧区和好氧区微生物群落的丰富度和多样性降低,微生物群落差异显著,变形菌门的相对丰度均升高约30%,拟杆菌门和绿弯菌门相对丰度逐渐降低。陶氏菌属和固氮弧菌属作为优势菌属,其相对丰度逐渐增大,有利于氮磷污染物的去除。通过增加K~+的浓度有利于提高氮、磷去除率,增强污泥的生物絮凝性和反硝化聚磷菌的活性。 相似文献
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超声波处理对污泥热风干燥过程的影响 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
为了探讨超声作用对污泥热风干燥过程的强化效果,对不同功率超声作用下污泥热风干燥特性进行试验研究,分析讨论了超声声能密度、超声作用时间、超声热效应等因素对污泥干燥过程的影响。试验结果表明,超声作用可以加速污泥干燥速率,且超声强化效果随着声能密度的增加逐渐增强。当热风温度为80℃,声能密度分别为0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8及1.0 W/m L时,污泥样品干基含水率降至100%所需干燥时间与无超声作用时相比分别缩短了8.3%、22.9%、33.3%、37.5%及39.6%。此外,超声作用时间不宜过长,超声声能密度0.8 W/m L持续作用2 h后,进一步增强超声作用时间对污泥干燥过程的强化效果已不明显。超声热效应使样品内部的温度梯度略有减小,因此超声作用没有强化污泥内部由温度梯度引起的水分扩散。 相似文献
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为了研究IC反应器处理猪场废水的运行规律,依据IC反应器中有机物降解特性,假设IC反应器精细处理区和污泥床区水力流态分别为推流和全混流、基质降解速率与微生物浓度之间符合一级反应模型,并在此基础上,建立了IC反应器处理猪场废水基质降解动力学理论模型,根据IC反应器处理猪场废水的试验结果,确定了平均温度为(33±0.5)℃条件下的动力学参数;然后对模型进行了验证,结果表明,理论预测值与实测值误差大多≤10%,二者吻合较好,证明该动力学模型可为IC反应器处理猪场废水的实际运行和数据预测提供科学依据. 相似文献
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好氧颗粒污泥是近年发现的,在好氧条件下自发形成的微生物细胞之间自身固定化的一种形式,具有良好的沉降性能、较高的生物量和在高容积负荷条件下降解高浓度有机废水的良好生物活性.污泥颗粒化过程是一个多阶段的过程,取决于废水组成、操作条件和适当的选择压等因素.COD和DO浓度对好氧颗粒污泥的同步硝化反硝化反应有明显影响.COD浓度在400~1200mg/L范围内,好氧颗粒污泥去除COD的能力均在85%以上.颗粒污泥能吸附有机物,使废水中COD浓度快速下降.COD浓度<800mg/L,,好氧颗粒污泥具有良好的脱N能力,N去除率最高达85.3%.在溶氧浓度为1~4 mg/L条件下,颗粒污泥对COD去除率均在90%以上.不同的溶氧浓度对N的去除率有一定影响,在溶氧浓度3mg/L时,N去除率最高,达83%.本文对好氧颗粒污泥的基本特征和微生物相、好氧颗粒污泥形成的主要影响因素及其颗粒化反应器等进行综述,并对好氧颗粒污泥在环境工程中的进一步应用提出展望. 相似文献
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对油田高矿化度废水不同污染程度土壤中微生物调查研究结果表明,当旱地土壤中石油浓度>0.5%、废水浓度>0.1%时,对异养菌、放线菌和固N菌产生显著的抑制作用,而真菌、酵母菌数量随石油浓度的增高而增加,当水田中石油浓度>3%时即对好气民养菌有显著抑制作用,废水浓度>0.1%时即对厌氧异养菌和施线力产生显著抑制作用。 相似文献
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Long-term effects of farmyard manure and sewage sludge on some soil biochemical characteristics 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A. Saviozzi A. Biasci R. Riffaldi R. Levi-Minzi 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1999,30(1-2):100-106
Changes in some soil biochemical properties were investigated following repeated applications of aerobically digested sewage
sludge (SS) under field conditions over 12 years, and compared with those of an adjacent soil cultivated and amended with
5 t ha–1 year–1 (dry weight) farmyard manure (FYM) for at least 40 years, as well as with those of an adjacent uncultivated soil, in order
to ascertain changes in soil quality. A short-term aerobic incubation was used to determine the potential of the samples to
mineralize the organic C supplied. Results indicated that cultivation caused a reduction in total, humified and potentially
mineralizable organic C, total N, light-fraction (LF) C, total and water-soluble carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, cation-exchange
capacity (CEC), microbial biomass C, specific respiration, hydrolytic and urease activities, and an increase in the heavy
metal content. Total and water-soluble carbohydrates and phenolic compounds expressed as a percentage of total organic C (TOC)
were similar in the differently managed plots. Of the two amendments, FYM treatments showed higher amounts of TOC and N, LF-C,
total and water-soluble carbohydrates, phenolic substances, CEC, specific respiration of biomass, hydrolytic and urease activities,
similar amounts and characteristics of humified organic matter and lower concentrations of Cu, Zn and Cr. Both FYM and SS
were inadequate treatments for the restoration of soil organic matter lost as a consequence of cultivation.
Received: 20 October 1998 相似文献
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Our aim was to establish the long-term effects of repeated applications after 20 y of organic amendments (farmyard manure at 10 t ha−1 y−1, and urban sewage sludge at two different rates, 10 t ha−1 y−1 and 100 t ha−1 every 2 y) on the quality of a sandy and poorly buffered soil (Fluvisol, pH 6). Chemical characteristics and biodegradability of the labile organic matter, which is mainly derived from microbial biomass and biodegradation products of organic residues, were chosen as indicators for soil quality. The organic C content had reached a maximal value (30.6 g C kg−1 in the 100 t sludge-treated soil), i.e. about 2.5 times that in the control. Six years after the last application, the organic C content and the microbial biomass content remained higher in sludge-treated soils than in the control. In contrast, the proportion of labile organic matter was significantly lower in sludge-treated soils than in manure-treated and control soils. The labile organic matter of sludge extracts appeared less humified than that of manure-treated and control soils. 相似文献
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规模化养猪场粪污综合处理的试验研究 总被引:10,自引:4,他引:10
该文应用“厌氧发酵+延时曝气活性污泥法”处理工艺并辅以投加生物制剂等措施对猪场粪污进行处理。试验结果表明,经过该工艺处理后,猪粪中的蛔虫卵死亡率达到99%,大肠杆菌为零(未检出),除有机碳外,其余营养元素基本没有损失,完全达到了《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》(GB18596—2001)规定的畜禽养殖业废渣无害化环境标准要求;CODCr、BOD5、SS和NH3-N的去除率分别达到96.7%、98.6%、99.5%和99.4%的较高水平,处理水达到了《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978—1996)的二级标准。 相似文献
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Ashok K. Indoria 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(6):667-677
Abstract Screenhouse experiments were conducted to study the phytoextractability of lead (Pb) by three oilseed crops (Brassica juncea, Brassica napus and Eruca sativa) from Pb enriched (i.e. 0, 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg Pb kg?1 soil) unamended, sewage sludge-amended (SS-amended) and farmyard manure-amended (FYM-amended) sandy loam soil. Chlorotic symptoms and stunted growth were observed at Pb600 and Pb800 treatments. Sewage sludge and FYM slightly decreased chlorosis. The biomass production for amendment treatments followed the order: FYM-amended > SS-amended > Unamended soil, and for species: Brassica juncea > Brassica napus > Eruca sativa. The Pb concentration followed the order: leaf > stem > seed, Brassica napus > Brassica juncea > Eruca sativa, and SS-amended > Unamended > FYM-amended soils. The Pb uptake followed the order: Brassica juncea > Brassica napus > Eruca sativa, and SS-amended > Unamended > FYM-amended soils. Exchangeable and Fe-Mn oxide bound fractions decreased and organic matter bound fraction increased with sewage sludge and FYM. The carbonate bound fraction considerably decreased with FYM. 相似文献
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