超燃冲压发动机凹腔内补氧的强化点火试验

在超燃冲压发动机扩张型燃烧室中,对凹腔内局部补氧的点火强化方法进行了试验研究。采用高速摄影手段研究了不同的补氧方式对凹腔内火焰分布特征和燃烧强度的影响,并针对并联双凹腔燃烧室构型,研究了在单侧凹腔补氧条件下向异侧凹腔的火焰传播过程。试验结果表明,采用凹腔内补氧的方式能调节凹腔内的燃料浓度分布、改善凹腔内的燃烧过程,控制燃烧放热强度;稳态燃烧情况下,观察到凹腔驻留火焰的两种存在特征,分别表现为:由回流区热量反馈机制作用下的凹腔局部驻留火焰和燃烧室全局压力反馈影响下的凹腔剪切层火焰。只有在单侧凹腔燃烧建立了全局压力反馈的条件下才能实现凹腔火焰的异侧传播。      

大庆市城市扩展与地表热环境变化研究

本研究从城市热岛的空间分布与土地利用类型着手,选取1990、2001、2006年3年的Landsat TM/ETM遥感数据,采用单窗算法对大庆市地表温度进行反演,通过从热岛强度、不同类型下垫面转换对温度的影响,以及温度重心转移等方面分析了大庆市地表温度随城市扩展的变化规律。结果表明：大庆市的城镇面积、城镇用地比重与城市的扩展程度均呈现相同的变化趋势,即持续增长趋势;同时,大庆市高温区的面积在1990与2006年期间呈现出持续增长的趋势,而低温区与常温区面积则表现为不同程度的减少趋势;在对下垫面热效应贡献研究中,城市用地较其他类型地块对其贡献最大,而在其他类型下垫面地块向城市用地的转换过程中,均表现出正温度效应;大庆市城市扩展方向与下垫面温度场变化方向相同,因此城市地表热环境发生改变的主要原因是城市用地的扩张。     

Influence of Indoor Thermal Environment on Thermal Comfort of Human Body

Analyses the thermal environment parameters from physiological aspect and from psychological aspect respectively. Introduces the conception of thermal comfort of human body from heat balance aspect. Presents some measures to improve indoor thermal environment and advance thermal comfort of human body. Analyses the influence of indoor thermal environment on thermal comfort of human body and some questions on the aspect of this research, also puts forward some advices.     

Urban Thermal Environment Planning of Yunyang County Assisted with the Computer Simulation

With the computer simulation of the thermal environment in the Yunyang County,combined with the data of measurement on the spot,the thermal environment of the actual state is analyzed,and some advice to urban planning are given from the viewpoint of outdoor thermal environment.It is proven that the computer simulation is an advantageous means to help the analysis of the thermal environment in urban planning.     

Research on Thermal Environment of Healthy City Residence

After "SARS", people introspect on the human settlement, and the health conception becomes the focal point of attention.The thermal environment is the important content of the human settlement and a good thermal environment is the premise of healthy city, healthy residence and people's health.In this paper, the property and affection of the thermal environment are analyzed and the principle and the way to improve the thermal environment of city residence are investigated.All play an important role in the healthy human settlement.     

Analysis Method for Outdoor Thermal Environment of Residential Community

The physical model was simple in current outdoor thermal environment research, thus a new analysis method based on image processing was presented. With the combination of image processing and mathematical model, the new method was used to analyze the outdoor thermal environment of residential area and was validated by the comparison between the data from experiment and simulation. The results provide a new method for the simulation of outdoor thermal environment.     

Effect of Moisture on Indoor Thermal Environment

In the past, the temperature was used as the sole quota to control the indoor thermal environment in hot summer and cold winter areas of China, but a major quota, the relative air moisture, was often ignored. In this paper, the effect of relative air moisture on indoor thermal environment is analyzed. The results show that the energy consumption can be reduced and comfortable thermal environment can be provided under natural condition by regulating the indoor moisture.     

Effect of Natural Resource on Improving Indoor Thermal Environment in Chongqing

Analyzes the potentials of natural resource to improve the indoor thermal environment in Chongqing through the statistical analysis of natural resource including solar energy, wind, water and earth etc. The building forms, systems and principle of usage of natural resources are briefly analyzed through the building site-decision, building form design and computer simulation which will be the real reference for the design of building energy efficiency.     

Improvement of Urban Thermal Environment by Ecological Measures of Solar Control for Buildings

In this paper, traditional measures of solar control for buildings were analyzed with the view of sustainable development.The field test results show the good ecological effect of covering building external surface with plants.The necessity and possibility of adopting ecological measures of solar control for buildings was discussed.     

Analysis on Summer Thermal Environment Characteristic of a TeachingBuilding Cluster and Validation of Its Calculation Model

A 33-hour field test of outdoor thermal environment was carried out in a typical teaching building cluster located in the hot and humid zone in summer. From the experiment results of local climate data, air temperature, humidity, wind velocity and wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) at the pedestrian-level, and the typical ground surface temperature, the main characteristics of summer outdoor thermal environment of teaching building cluster in hot and humid zone are obtained. The results show that the patio, overhead and porous pavement can reduce the pedestrian air temperature and WBGT effectively at summer daytime. And the function of the following design methods to improve the outdoor thermal comfort at the summer daytime has the order like overhead>patio>porous pavement>imporous pavement>concrete road. The WBGT at all measuring points at nighttime are almost the same. The test results are further used to verify the existing mathematical models of outdoor velocity and WBGT. The results show that the relative errors are within 6%. Then, the calculation values are in good agreement with the experimental values.