优质高配合力水稻恢复系南恢445的选育与应用

南恢445是南充市农业科学院用籼粳交重穗型恢复系蜀恢527与优质抗病恢复系绵恢734杂交育成的水稻新恢复系,具有恢复力强、配合力高、米质优、制种产量高等特点,2004年8月通过四川省技术鉴定。所配组合中9A/南恢445、川农1A/南恢445分别于2005和2013年通过四川省审定。     

优质水稻三系不育系金山A-4的选育及利用

以万利香与冈46B杂交，选择优质长粒型的单株建立株系，并与珍汕97A连续多代成对回交，育成柱头外露率高、不育性稳定、异交特性好、株叶态理想的优质不育系金山A-4。金山A-4配合力好，已配制出金山A-4／R401、金山A-4／蜀恢527等优质杂交稻组合。该不育系于2005年通过福建省科技厅科技成果鉴定。     

优质杂交水稻新组合泸优908

泸优908是四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所利用自育大穗、高配合力、强优势恢复系川航恢908与四川省农科院水稻高粱研究所选育的优质高配合力不育系泸98A配组育成的杂交水稻新组合。该组合穗大粒多,米质优良,农艺性状好,抗病抗倒伏,2012年通过四川省农作物品种审定(川审稻2012006)。     

优质高产杂交中籼稻新组合科优8377

科优8377是武汉金科生物技术有限公司用优质三系不育系金科1A与高配合力恢复系R8377配组育成的优质、高产杂交中籼稻新组合,于2006年9月通过国家农作物品种审定。介绍了该组合的选育经过、特征特性及栽培、制种技术。     

高产抗倒杂交稻川农优528特征特性及在库区的栽培技术

川农优528是四川农业大学水稻研究所和重庆三峡农科所种子开发公司共同育成的三系中籼型杂交水稻组合，具有产量高、稳产性好、抗倒伏、制种产量高等特点，2007年通过重庆市品种审定。根据该组合的特征特性，结合三峡库区的特殊生态条件，总结了该组合在库区的高产栽培技术。     

香型优质高产杂交水稻新组合宜香3728

宜香3728是绵阳市农科所用优质香稻不育系宜香1A与高配合力恢复系绵恢3728配组育成的杂交籼稻新组合。该组合具有米质优(达食用稻品种品质NY/T593-2002 2级标准)、产量高、米饭清香、抗性较强等特点,于2005年3月通过四川省农作物品种审定委员会审定(川审稻2005001),2006年获得四川省优质米“稻香杯”特等奖。     

优质杂交中籼新组合川种优464的选育

川种优464是岳阳市农业科学研究院以四川川种种业有限公司选育的优质三系不育系川种3A为母本、湖南洞庭高科种业股份有限公司选育的高配合力恢复系岳恢464为父本配组选育的优质、稳产中籼杂交水稻新组合。该组合生育期适宜、分蘖力较强、产量高、米质优、抗性好。2021年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

优质高产杂交水稻新组合B优827

B优827是西南科技大学水稻研究所用自育的早籼优质不育系803A与四川农业大学水稻研究所育成的恢复系蜀恢527测配育成的优质、高产中籼迟熟杂交水稻新组合，2002年3月通过四川省品种审定。     

具橙红色颖壳标记性状的优质香稻不育系花香A的选育与利用

花香A是四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所采用航天育种技术育成的优质香稻不育系,具有生育期适中、不育性稳定、米质优、香味浓、配合力强、中抗稻瘟病、颖壳呈橙红色等特点,于2007年通过四川省品种审定委员会组织的专家技术鉴定.该不育系配制的组合多数米质优良、产量高,其中花香7号(花香A/川恢907)于2007年通过重庆市品种审定.     

优质、高配合力籼型恢复系泸恢5240的选育与应用

泸恢5240是四川省农科院水稻高粱研究所用明恢63／泸恢602的杂交后代R0211与蜀恢527杂交,运用系统育种法育成的恢复系,具有优质、抗逆、配合力强、制种产量高等特点,于2009年7月通过四川省品种审定委员会组织的专家技术鉴定。利用该恢复系配置的组合米质优良、产量高、抗性强、适应性广,其中,绵优5240于2010年通过四川省品种审定委员会审定,川香优5240和中优5240于2009年通过重庆市品种审定委员会审定。     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Effects of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth and Quality of Cucumber and Lettuce

Summary

Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer.