非洲猪瘟

8月3日,农业农村部发布了辽宁省沈阳市沈北新区发生我国首起非洲猪瘟的疫情信息,截止8月22日,河南省郑州市、江苏省连云港市和浙江省乐清市又陆续发生3起疫情。为有助于读者应对突发新疫情的疫情鉴别和防控,南京农业大学动物医学院院长姜平教授在百忙中冒着酷暑于8月5日就迅即给本刊撰写了非洲猪瘟流行规律和防控措施等相关基础理论专稿。现特刊出,供广大读者参考。     

非洲猪瘟

非洲猪瘟是猪的一种急性、致死性的病毒性传染病。发病凶猛,病猪死亡率可达100%。在症状和损害方面,与猪瘟相似。病的发生及流行本病最早发生于东非和南非各地的野猪(疣猪)中。1957年后传至葡萄牙、西班牙、法国及意大利。1978年     

非洲猪瘟

正12月17日,立陶宛食品与兽医局通报,4个地区发生5起野猪非洲猪瘟疫情,6头野猪感染,3头死亡,3头被销毁。自2014年1月起,立陶宛5个地区发生140起野猪和19起家猪非洲猪瘟疫情,192头野猪和19 436头家猪感染。12月18日,俄罗斯农业部动植物卫生监督局通报,2地区发生1起野猪和1起家猪非洲猪瘟疫     

非洲猪瘟

正2月18日,立陶宛食品与兽医局通报,维尔纽斯县、帕涅韦日斯县发生3起野猪非洲猪瘟疫情,3头野猪感染,1头死亡,2头被销毁。自2014年1月起,立陶宛5个地区发生163起野猪和19起家猪非洲猪瘟疫情,217头野猪和19 436头家猪感染。     

非洲猪瘟

一、概述: 非洲猪瘟[African swine fevr]又称为东非猪瘟或疣猪病,是猪的急性热性高度接触性传染病,病原体是非洲猪瘟病毒。非洲猪瘟为Montgomery于1910年首次在东非发现,Steyn于1928年在南非再次发现本病,1957年传播到葡萄牙,1960年又侵入     

非洲猪瘟

非洲猪瘟(African Swine Fever,ASF)是猪的一种高度传染出血性疾病,能够产生大量类似于古典猪瘟的临床症状和器官损伤。在许多非洲国家和地中海岛、撒丁岛,它是一种对经济会有严重影响的动物地方流行性疾病。2007年6月,ASF首次在高加索地区的格鲁吉亚被发现。自从其传入格鲁吉亚以来,非洲猪瘟病毒(African Swine Fever Virus,ASFV)已迅速蔓延到俄罗斯西部和南部的大部分地区,目前(2013年)它正在家猪和野猪群中广泛传播。该病毒已蔓延至欧洲的边界,2013年,非洲猪瘟在乌克兰和白俄罗斯出现,正危及东欧现有的大量猪群。     

非洲猪瘟

1非洲猪瘟的定义 非洲猪瘟（African Swine Fever,ASF）是猪的一种高度传染性病毒病,该病毒的某些毒株可引起严重的疾病和高死亡率。现在,钝缘蜱属（Omithodoros）昆虫可以成为非洲猪瘟病毒的传染媒介,临床上非洲猪瘟应该与猪瘟进行鉴别诊断。     

非洲猪瘟

正1.越南发生102起家猪非洲猪瘟疫情3月7日和13日,越南农业和农村发展部通报,北部的太平省等12地发生102起家猪非洲猪瘟疫情,110头家猪感染,55头死亡,4574头被扑杀。2.乌克兰尼古拉耶夫州发生1起家猪非洲猪瘟疫情3月7日,乌克兰国家食品安全和消费者保护部通报,尼古拉耶夫州发生1起家猪非洲猪瘟疫情,22头家     

非洲猪瘟

正6月29日,乌克兰兽医委员会通报,尼古拉耶夫州发生1起家猪非洲猪瘟疫情,9头家猪感染并死亡,114头家猪被销毁。7月2日,乌克兰兽医委员会通报,切尔尼戈夫州发生1起家猪非洲猪瘟疫情,5头家猪感染死亡,66头被销毁。自2014年9月起,乌克兰共发生6起野猪和33起家猪非洲猪瘟疫情。7月1日,俄罗斯农业部后续通报,在萨拉托夫     

非洲猪瘟

正2018年8月,我国发生了首例非洲猪瘟(African Swine Fever,ASF)的感染,本文将对该病进行简要介绍。发生区域:除南非外,存有非洲野猪的撒哈拉以南的非洲国家,某些印度洋岛屿、格鲁吉亚、俄罗斯和东欧国家,以及撒丁王国。发病阶段:猪的所有年龄段或生产阶段。病因:非洲猪瘟病毒。影响:高度传染性,通常为致死性疾病,     

Swine fever: classical swine fever and African swine fever.

Because of the clinical and pathologic similarity to common endemic diseases, introduction of CSFV or ASFV strains of moderate to low virulence represents the greatest risk to North American swine herds. Producers, veterinarians, and diagnosticians should increase their awareness of these devastating diseases and request specific diagnostic testing whenever they are suspected. Production practices that improve biosecurity will reduce the risk of introduction of CSF and ASF and limit the spread if an incursion occurs. Additional resources. The following Web sites contain excellent color photographs that will assist producers and practitioners in identifying clinical signs and gross lesions associated with CSFV and ASFV: http://www.vet.uga.edu/vpp/gray_book/FAD and http://www.pighealth.com. The latter Web site and the OIE Web site (http://www.oie.int) offer updated information on current worldwide epizootics of ASF and CSF and other swine diseases. Details of biosecurity procedures can be found at http://www.agebb.missouri.edu; see publication G2340.     

非洲猪瘟病毒研究进展

非洲猪瘟（African swine fever，ASF）是由非洲猪瘟病毒（African swine fever virus,ASFV）引起的猪的一种烈性传染病，曾在非洲和欧洲国家广泛流行，并造成巨大的经济损失。虽然本病目前仅在部分非洲国家呈地方性流行，但由于对养猪业的危害巨大，且无有效的疫苗用于防疫，仍被国际兽疫局列为A类重点防范的传染病。对于ASFV而言，虽是严格的动物病毒，所致疾病的危害也限于非洲部分地区，但由于具有一些独特的特点，尤其是具有复杂的免疫逃逸机制，一直是动物分子病毒学研究的热点，而且取得了突破性研究进展。     

Diversity of African swine fever virus

An African swine fever virus is an heterogeneous population, consisting of clones having different biological characteristics in respect to hemadsorption, virulence, infectivity, plaque size, and antigenic determinants. The following observations were made: Nonhemadsorbing virus (NHV) have been segregated from field isolates from Haiti (HT-1) and a bone marrow- and buffy coat-passaged Portuguese isolate (L'60BM89BC1) and appear as a major, minor, or equal mixture with hemadsorbing viruses in the virus population. Biological characteristics of the virus inoculated into pigs often differed from viruses isolated later from the same pigs. Virulence and nonhemadsorbing characteristics of isolated clones were genetically stable. The lethal effect of 2 NHV clones of L'60BM89BC1 virus was dose-dependent; small doses of virus induced immunologic deaths or recoveries from the clinical disease in pigs, and large doses induced acute deaths. The NHV of Lisbon isolate of 1960 (L'60) and HT-1 isolate share the same antigenic determinants for inducing protection. Tengani isolate contained clones of distinctly different antigenic determinants, not shared by L'60 or HT-1 isolate that enabled it to overcome the protection induced by the other clones. Passaging of an African swine fever virus isolate in pigs or cell cultures may readily alter the proportions of the different clones in the population and thereby change its overall characteristics. A new virus population with atypical hemadsorption was found in HT-1 field isolate and L'60BM89BC1 virus.     

African swine fever and classical swine fever: a review of the pathogenesis

This paper describes major pathogenetic mechanisms of African and Classical Swine Fever virus infections. The interactions between both viruses and the monocyte-macrophage-system result in the release of mediator molecules, which are important for the further progression of the diseases. The causes of the thrombocytopenia and the mechanisms of the haemorrhages, which are characteristic in both infections, are described. Apoptotic cell death is regarded as the predominant cause of lymphopenia in both virus infections.