叶甲生烟曲霉的初步研究

根据金叶女贞瓢叶甲生曲霉在37℃培养下的生长速度快于25℃和形态学特征等,鉴定为烟曲霉原变种。该菌株对供试的金叶女贞瓢叶甲、大猿叶虫、小猿叶虫均具毒力,其中对金叶女贞瓢叶甲幼虫的毒力可达50%;对大猿叶虫低龄幼虫为40%;对金叶女贞瓢叶甲成虫、大猿叶虫高龄幼虫、小猿叶虫高龄幼虫和低龄幼虫均为30%。该菌株在改良培养基上产孢量较其他培养基可增加2~4倍。     

小卷蛾线虫对小猿叶甲幼虫的敏感性试验初报

小猿叶甲Ｐｈａｅｄｏｎ ｂｒａｓｓｉｃａｅ Ｂａｌｙ是十字花科蔬菜的重要害虫,现用的防治方法主要是化学防治。为了开发无公害蔬菜工程,本文试用昆虫病原线虫对小猿叶甲幼虫进行敏感性试验,实验表明：小卷蛾线虫Ｓｔｅｉｎｅｒｎｅｍａ ｃａｒｐｏｃａｐｓａｅ Ａ２４对小猿叶甲幼虫颇为敏感,在害虫与线虫数量为１：７５时,４８小时小猿叶甲幼虫的线虫寄生死亡率达９０％以上。经ＤＭＲＴ检验表明：浓度１：１００与１：     

十字花科蔬菜主要害虫的防治技术

十字花科蔬菜害虫较多,但以菜青虫、小菜蛾、斜纹夜蛾、甜菜夜蛾、黄曲条跳甲、蚜虫、猿叶虫等为害最重. 1 菜青虫 1.1 为害特点     

小猿叶虫早春生活习性的观察分析

小猿叶虫（PhaedonbrassicaeBaly）是江西省十字花科蔬菜上重要的食叶性害虫。年发生３代。以幼虫和成虫食叶成孔洞和缺刻，重发时只留叶柄和主脉，受害蔬菜还为虫粪污染，加之成虫产卵时咬破叶脉，严重影响蔬菜的产量和品质。通过对其早春生活习性进行的室内饲养、田间观察和分析，笔者认为，现有的参考书对小猿叶虫早春活动始期和产卵部位的界定与实际情况有出入，且对产卵过程和初孵幼虫习性等描述不明确。现将观察和分析结果整理如下，以为商榷补充之意。１早春生活习性观察２００２年２月上旬在芥菜、萝卜上始见小猿叶虫活动，２月中…     

高毒力杀虫真菌基因工程菌株选育的进展与方向

病原真菌主要通过体壁侵染昆虫,在害虫防治中具有重要作用.利用昆虫病原真菌研制杀虫真菌农药的主要技术难点是选育高毒力杀虫真菌工程菌,本文综述了高毒力杀虫真菌工程菌构建技术的现状和菌株选育的进展,分析了其中存在的问题.根据昆虫病原真菌致病机制、害虫新靶标发现等方面的研究进展,提出了高毒力杀虫真菌工程菌选育技术的发展方向.     

大猿叶虫龙南种群春季世代与秋季世代成虫产卵量的比较

在龙南县大猿叶虫是十字花科蔬菜上的重要害虫。在田间,该虫的繁殖期出现在春季和秋季,以成虫在土中越夏和越冬。本试验在25℃、LD12︰12条件下,详细比较了大猿叶虫龙南种群春季世代和秋季世代成虫产卵量。结果显示:秋季世代雌虫每雌总产卵量和平均产卵量均高于春季世代,早期产卵量接近,但三者间均无显著差异。由雌虫产卵曲线可知春季世代雌虫每日产卵量明显低于秋季世代,差异显著。     

不同寄主对白茨粗角萤叶甲生长发育和繁殖的影响

为探究不同寄主植物对温性荒漠草原主要害虫白茨粗角萤叶甲Diorhabda rybakowi的产卵选择、生长发育及繁殖的影响,本研究以唐古特白刺、泡泡刺和大果白刺为试验材料,在实验室养虫箱恒温（27℃）条件下,以3种白刺饲养白茨粗角萤叶甲,观察记录白茨粗角萤叶甲各虫态的发育历期、存活率、羽化率、成虫寿命等生物学特性,以及白茨粗角萤叶甲成虫的产卵偏好选择;同时测定了3种白刺叶片中的可溶性糖、淀粉和游离氨基酸含量。结果如下：白茨粗角萤叶甲成虫在3种白刺上的产卵量及着卵率由高到低均为唐古特白刺,泡泡刺,大果白刺。取食3种白刺植物后,白茨粗角萤叶甲均能正常完成各阶段的生长发育;饲喂唐古特白刺的白茨粗角萤叶甲幼虫发育历期最短（13.50d）,饲喂大果白刺的幼虫发育历期最长（16.70 d）,同时,饲喂唐古特白刺的幼虫存活率最高,为97.78%,大果白刺上幼虫的存活率仅为10.54%。相应地,饲喂唐古特白刺后羽化成虫的寿命和繁殖力最高,大果白刺上成虫寿命和繁殖力最低。相关性分析表明,可溶性糖、淀粉和游离氨基酸含量与白茨粗角萤叶甲蛹期、成虫寿命、孵化率和羽化率无显著相关性,而幼虫总历期与各营养含量呈极...     

云南文山葡萄害虫—黑足厚缘肖叶甲的发生情况及防控建议*

2009年作者首次发现黑足厚缘肖叶甲［Aoria nigripes（Baly）］在云南省文山州大面积发生,严重为害葡萄。本文报道了该虫目前的发生现状及其成虫、卵、幼虫、蛹的形态特征,寄主范围,在国内外的地理分布,生活史,生物学特性等,并提出了防控建议。     

对张北小菜蛾高毒力白僵菌菌株的筛选

小菜蛾是河北坝上错季蔬菜生产区最重要的害虫,为了探索对其无公害治理方法,以张北的小菜蛾为试虫,测定了33株球孢白僵菌对其幼虫的僵虫率,从中筛选出5株对小菜蛾2龄幼虫有较高致病力的菌株;从致死中浓度（LC50）和致死中时（LT50）的测定结果分析,BD-B026菌株的毒力最高,其处理后7d的LC50为0．47×10^5个／mL孢子,含1．0×10^8个／mL孢子菌液的LT50为（1．57±O．027）d,对小菜蛾表现出较强的致病力,具有一定的开发前景。     

双效灭虫净28%复方乳剂对14种害虫的室内药效试验

我们于1994年8～11月，在室内用双效灭虫净28％复方乳剂，对棉大卷叶螟、甘薯麦蛾、筛豆龟馆、豆突眼长蝽、瘤缘蝽、短额负蝗、棉蝗、斜纹夜蛾、二化螟、棉蚜、棉红蜘蛛、菜青虫、小猿叶虫和甘蔗粉故等14种害虫，进行了药效试验。现将结果报道如下：一、试验材料和方法（－）试验材料1．供试农药：双效灭虫净28％复方乳剂，系新建县农业局植保站提供的（中国南昌特种农药厂）产品。2．供试害虫：在室外采集14种害虫的成虫或幼虫（若虫），采集地均未施过农药。3．试验用具：手提小喷雾器，I000ml烧杯，直径12cm的培养皿，量简，小号木制养…     

Relationships Between Angular Leaf Spot, Healthy Leaf Area, Effective Leaf Area and Yield of Phaseolus vulgaris

Three field experiments were carried out with the bean cultivar Carioca Comum to investigate the relationships among visual and virtual severity of angular leaf spot (caused by Phaeoisariopsis griseola), area under visual and virtual disease progress curves (AUDPC), healthy leaf area index on any given day (HLAI), healthy leaf area duration (HAD), healthy leaf area absorption (HAA), effective leaf area duration (ELAD), effective leaf area absorption (ELAA) and yield of Phaseolus vulgaris. To obtain a wide range of disease severities, the plots were sprayed with fungicide at different stages of plant growth (before, during and after flowering). Visual and virtual severity and AUDPC showed no significant correlation with yield. However, HAD, HAA, ELAD and ELAA were significantly correlated with yield. Variables that considered the effective leaf area (ELAD and ELAA) provided similar or better coefficients of determination (R²) than those that considered the remaining green leaf area only (HAD and HAA). Single-point models with HLAI, effective leaf area index (ELAI), intercepted radiation by healthy leaf area (HRI) and intercepted radiation by effective leaf area (EHRI) to estimate yield at various times during the crop season were developed. The slope of the relationship between yield and HLAI, ELAI, HRI and EHRI proved to be stable, regardless of planting date and bean growth stage (from R6 to R8).     

Apricot Chlorotic Leaf Roll

Apricot chlorotic leaf roll is a graft-transmissible disease, apparently a mycoplasm infection, which affects Japanese plum and sometimes peach. It is particularly important in Mediterranean areas. First symptoms are a rolling and a yellowing of the leaves, often localized on some twigs. Later, various disorders, often localized on a part of the tree, are observed: proliferation of branched and slender shoots, growth of buds in autumn and winter. Leaf buds break before flower buds. This growth in winter induces sensitivity to frost. Phloem tissues of affected branches are more or less damaged, taking on a brown discolouration. Some branches are destroyed, while on others, new shoots may develop. The presence of weak shoots with small leaves among normal shoots and irregularly distributed dried twigs on the branches is a characteristic aspect of the disease. Symptom expression and evolution of the disease vary much according to environmental conditions, age and rootstocks.     

Disguising the Leaf Surface: The Use of Leaf Coatings for Plant Disease Control

The ability of fungal pathogens to develop resistance to fungicides and to overcome genetic resistance in their hosts, coupled with growing public concern for the environment, means that there is an urgent need for novel methods of disease control. The leaf surface provides the first barrier that fungi must overcome in order to gain access to the leaf, but it also provides chemical and physical cues that are necessary for the development of infection structures for many fungal pathogens. Film-forming polymers can coat the leaf surface, acting not just as an extra barrier to infection, but also disguising the cues necessary for germling development. Kaolin particle films can envelop the leaf in a hydrophobic particle film barrier that prevents spores or water from directly contacting the leaf surface and as a result, can suppress infection. Adhesion of fungal spores to the leaf surface, which is important to keep spores on the leaf surface and for appropriate development of the fungus on the leaf surface, can be inhibited, leading to reduced infection and lesion development. Polymer and particle films have been shown to provide disease control in the field, while research on agents that inhibit spore adhesion on leaf surfaces is still in its infancy. There is an urgent need for research on the practicality of using these novel methods under field conditions and on ways of integrating them into current crop protection programmes.