Correction to: Orius laevigatus strengthens its role as a biological control agent by inducing plant defenses

Journal of Pest Science - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-021-01357-4     

Correction to: The olfactive responses of Tetranychus urticae natural enemies in citrus depend on plant genotype,prey presence,and their diet specialization

Journal of Pest Science - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-021-01364-5     

Correction to: RNAi,what is its position in crop protection?

Journal of Pest Science - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-021-01393-0     

Correction to: When is it biological control? A framework of definitions,mechanisms, and classifications

Journal of Pest Science - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-021-01386-z     

Correction to: Assessment of cable tensile forces in active winch-assist harvesting using an anchor machine configuration

European Journal of Forest Research - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-021-01385-w     

中国特有濒危植物崖柏扦插繁殖研究

在重庆市城口县咸宜乡苗圃和中国林科院温室开展崖柏扦插繁殖试验,研究采穗母树年龄、不同激素种类及其组合、激素浓度、扦插基质、物理促根等不同处理方式下崖柏扦插生根效应.结果表明:(1)在咸宜乡苗圃,采用自动喷雾设施,以蛭石-泥炭土-珍珠岩(1∶1∶1)为扦插基质,用3种激素和清水处理崖柏幼树1年生枝条,扦插后160d的生根率为74.76％～96.70％,不同处理组合生根效应具有显著差异,2000 mg· L-1 IBA＞清水对照(CK)＞1 000mg·L-1 IBA＞1 000 mg·L-1IBA+ 500 mg· L-1NAA;(2)在林科院温室用2种激素和清水处理崖柏幼树1年生枝条,扦插于蛭石-泥炭土-珍珠岩(1∶1∶1)的基质,搭塑料拱棚,扦插后120 d的生根率远低于咸宜乡苗圃,为25.93％～45.37％,激素处理后的枝条与对照差异显著,1 000 mg·L-1 IBA+ 50 mg·L-1 NAA=2 000 mg·L-1 IBA＞清水对照(CK);(3)在咸宜乡苗圃用不同激素和物理促生根方法组成的27种组合处理的成年崖柏枝条,最高生根率仅为20.83％.生根率超过10％的处理组合是:清水处理,泥炭土∶蛭石∶珍珠岩(1∶1∶1);1 000 mg·L-1IBA+500 mg·L-NAA,泥炭土∶珍珠岩(2∶1);1 000 mg·L-1IBA,泥炭土∶蛭石∶珍珠岩(1∶1∶1),流水冲洗.     

Economic Benefit Analysis of Carbon Sequestration of Five Typical Forest Types in BeijingMiyun Watershed

This study provides basis information for estimating the feasibility of the environmental and ecological forestry construction project in the area. Through the survey in Miyun watershed, the economical benefits of carbon sequestration in five typical forest types have been studied by calculating the biomass from the timber accumulation data and converting to the money value. The results show that： in the duration of 100 years, at a discount rate of 5%, and 197 RMB yuan/t as the price of the carbon sequestration, the present value （PV） of the carbon sequestration in different forests are： 6900-9300 yuan/ha in Chinese pine forest,6100-8200 yuan/ha in oak forest, 4500-6100 yuan/ha in other broadleaf forests, 2300-3200 yuan/ha in shrubs and 1300-1800 yuan/ha in cypress forest. The annual mean economic benefit of carbon sequestration is 770-1040 yuan/ha. The pine forest has the highest carbon sequestration benefit, followed by oak forest, other broadleaf forest, shrubs, and cypress forest. If the land is suitable for all forests, pine forest and oak forest should be planted in order to sequestrate more carbon.     

树木菌根真菌——美味红菇复合制剂的生物效应*

在探明菌根真菌美味红菇生理活性物质的基础上,为使其实用化,又从该菌的发酵液中提取并研制成真菌复合制剂。除在医学上进行了一系列抗菌活性试验外,同时还在育苗造林上,利用不同树种进行防病保苗促进生长的生物活性试验。本文主要报道应用美味红菇复合制剂对几种亚热带针阔叶树种幼苗和种子进行体内生物活性的试验结果。目的在于观察和研究该复合制剂对促进幼苗生长和提高抗生能力的生物效应,以便进一步开拓美味红菇复合制剂的有效应用范围和途径。     

山桃稠李果实花色苷的提取及抗氧化研究

目的:研究山桃稠李果实花色苷的提取及抗氧化,以期为其进一步开发利用提供理论基础。方法:以牡丹江产山桃稠李果实为原料,采用超声波辅助提取法,以花色苷得率为指标,探讨乙醇浓度、时间、固液比等因素对得率的影响;体外抗氧化模型研究其抗氧化能力。结果:乙醇浓度60%~75%,固液比1∶15~1∶20,超声波时间35~40 min,超声功率在400 W左右,提取温度在30~40℃左右时,可以作为进一步优化的参数条件,其浓度在1 mg/mL时,超氧自由基清除率在27%左右,其花色苷平均得率为:0.8 mg/g以上。结论:超声波法能快速提取山桃稠李果实中的花色苷,其花色显示一定抗超氧化能力。     

基于UFC和葡萄糖改性脲醛树脂的合成与性能

在碱性条件下用尿素和甲醛合成脲醛预缩液(UFC),然后用UFC与尿素制备脲醛树脂(UFC/U),并添加葡萄糖对UFC/U改性得到G/UFC/U树脂,采用DSC和FT-IR等对树脂进行分析。结果表明:与普通脲醛树脂(UF)相比,UFC/U树脂胶合强度提高5.83%,游离甲醛含量降低3.70%,G/UFC/U树脂贮存期大于30 d,综合性能较好,G_1-25/UFC/U树脂游离甲醛含量降低44.44%,胶合板湿胶合强度为1.11 MPa,优于国家II类胶合板标准;DSC结果表明:UFC/U、G_1-25/UFC/U比UF树脂的固化特征温度高;FT-IR分析表明:G_1-25/UFC/U和UF树脂相比,羟基及亚甲基醚键的峰强度增强,改性树脂的羟甲基优先和葡萄糖分子C(6)的羟基发生反应生成亚甲基醚键。     

尾叶桉的组织培养及植株再生

研究了以尾叶桉(Eucalyptusurophylla)优树(U6无性系)无菌苗的叶子和茎段作为外植体诱导愈伤组织、丛生芽发生以及植株再生的过程。通过多种生长调节剂不同浓度组合的对比试验,确定了U6快繁体系的最适宜培养条件:(1)愈伤组织诱导培养基:MS 1-2mg/L2,4-D;(2)芽增殖培养基:MS 0.5mg/L6-BA;(3)生根培养基:1/2MS 2.0mg/LNAA。     

Operationalizing a Framework for Assessing the Enabling Environment for Community Forest Enterprises: A Case Study from Nepal

Small-scale Forestry - We demonstrate how Baynes et al.’s (Glob Environ Change 35:226–238, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.09.011) framework can be operationalized as a...     

第二代杉木人工林生物量的时空特征

探讨了第二代杉木人工林生物量的时空特征，运用Richards模型对杉木人工林生物量动态模拟，结果为：W=272.745（1-e^-0.126（t-1））^1/1-0.559，杉木人工林生长过程可分成4个阶段：0～5a幼林成长阶段；5～8a干材速生阶段；8～25a为成热阶段；25a后为过熟阶段。其采伐年限为25a，密度为2475株／hm^2的杉木可获得最大生物量272．745株／hm^2。     

Stem taper functions for Betula platyphylla in the Daxing'an Mountains,northeast China

Accurate prediction of stem diameter is an important prerequisite of forest management.In this study,an appropriate stem taper function was developed for upper stem diameter estimation of white birch(Betula platyphylla Sukaczev) in ten sub-regions of the Daxing'an Mountains,northeast China.Three commonly used taper functions were assessed using a diameter and height dataset comprising 1344 trees.A first-order continuous-time error structure accounted for the inherent autocorrelation.The segmented model of Max and Burkhart(For Sci 22:283-289,1976.https://doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/22.3.283) and the variable exponent taper function of Kozak(For Chron 80:507-515,2004.https://doi.org/10.5558/tfc80507-4) described the data accurately.Owing to its lower multicollinearity,the Max and Burkhart(1976) model is recommended for diameter estimation at specific heights along the stem for the ten sub-regions.After comparison,the Max and Burkhart(1976) model was refitted using nonlinear mixed-effects techniques.Mixed-effects models would be used only when additional upper stem diameter measurements are available for calibration.Differences in region-specific taper functions were indicated by the method of the non-linear extra sum of squares.Therefore,the particular taper function should be adjusted accordingly for each sub-region in the Daxing'an Mountains.     

杨树工业用材林培育技术研究

本文通过对培育杨树工业用材林的立地条件,栽培品种选择,合理密度及最佳轮伐期的确定,以及栽植,林分抚育管理等关键技术措施的论述,为实现定向,速生,丰产,优质,稳定和高效的培育目标,建立了辽宁省的杨树工业用材林基地,提供了可靠的技术保障。     

建兰快速繁殖技术研究

通过对兰花茎尖诱导，原球茎增殖和根、芽分化的培养基筛选及对不同发根时间、不同基质移栽效果试验，结果表明：在ＭＳ培养基上附加ＢＡ３－４ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＮＡＡ１－２ｍｇ／Ｌ诱导茎尖，效果较好，诱导率为６９％；原球茎增殖在改良ＭＳ培养基上附加ＢＡ２－３ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＮＡＡ１－２ｍｇ／Ｌ增殖倍数可达４０倍；筛选出可同时进行原球茎增殖及根、芽分化培养的培养基，用该培养基培养外殖体，每瓶可繁殖完整试管苗２０株，原球茎６０余个；试管苗移栽以发根时间７０天以上为宜，移栽基质以苔藓、红壤土、腐殖土混合物（１：１：１）为佳。     

大萼杜鹃的快速繁殖研究

大萼杜鹃的种子无菌发芽获得试管苗,然后选用试管苗的芽苗进行离体培养,并且通过正交试验设计并结合方差分析、多重比较,建立了大萼杜鹃快繁体系。试验结果表明:愈伤组织的诱导培养基是Read TDZ(0.2~0.4mg/L) NAA(0.01~0.1 mg/L);愈伤组织的再分化培养基是Read TDZ0.3 mg/L NAA0.01 mg/L AC0.2%;生根培养基是Read IBA0.25 mg/L NAA0.25 mg/L AC0.20~0.60% 蔗糖15.00~30.00g/L。     

Antioxidant activity of isocytisoside and extracts of Aquilegia vulgaris

Two extracts (ethyl acetate and ethanol) and isocytisoside obtained from Aquilegia vulgaris were tested for their antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity in vitro. Inhibition both non-enzymatic (IC50: 150-219 microg/ml) and enzymatic (IC50: 23-60 microg/ml) microsomal lipid peroxidation was observed, the extracts being more active than isocytisoside. The substances tested appeared to be weak hydroxyl radical scavengers, showed very low TEAC values and moderate iron chelation ability. However, all preparations at the concentration 25 microg/ml inhibited superoxide anion formation at the range 47-68%. Despite of the lack of a potent free radical scavenging ability the substances tested demonstrated significant antioxidant activity. Relationship between this parameter and the content of phenolic groups was noticed.