长白山北坡植物群落间物种共有度的海拔梯度变化(英文)

应用梯度格局法在长白山北坡海拔700-2600 m之间每100 m设置一样地，共计20块样地，应用Jaccard指数，对植物群落间物种共有度的海拔梯度变化进行了分析。不同海拔群落间的共有度，无论以哪一层次的植物种来表达，基本都以与其最相邻海拔的群落之间为最高。相邻海拔群落的不同层次物种间的共有度变化存在相似性和相异性；但如相邻海拔的两个群落属于不同植被类型，其共有度则较低。群落间物种共有度的峰值与谷点反映了植被的海拔梯度格局，且灌木种的物种更替在这些地段具有非常明显的规律。在同一海拔差群落间的共有度数值都非常接近，并均随着海拔差的增加呈明显的下降趋势，表明群落各层次物种的构成有很大的相关性。     

山地植物群落生物多样性与生物生产力海拔梯度变化研究进展

文中从生物学谱中群落和生态系统尺度，根据国内外的野外观测文献，总结了山地植被在群落生物多样性和生物生产力2方面的海拔梯度变化特征，以及群落生物生产力与生物多样性的关系，并提出目前该领域研究的几个热点问题。     

长白山北坡不同海拔植物群落物种丰富度估计

应用梯度格局法在长白山北坡海拔700-2600 m 之间，海拔每上升100 m设置一块样地，共20块样地。以具体的样地观测数据为基础，应用刀切法和自助法等非参数估计法对各海拔群落的物种丰富度进行了估计，结果表明，用自助法所得到的物种估计数，与客观实际更为接近。同时，根据各海拔群落观测物种数与估计物种数的差异，进一步验证了最小取样面积的合理性。     

长白山北坡主要建群种种群结构及重要值沿海拔梯度的变化

From 700 m to 1900 m on the northern slope of Changbai Mountain, 13 plots with an interval of 100 m in elevation were investigated to study the variations of population structure and important value of the main edificators along the elevation gradient. In their core distribution areas, most of the edificators had healthy population structure and could regenerate smoothly except Larix olgensis, but important value of Larix olgensis had no obvious variations with elevation changes, which showed that Larix olgensis had its own particularity and strong adaptability. At high elevation above 1800 m, Betula ermanfi was the only species that could form a mono-dominant community. Important values of Pinus koraiensis and Acer mono had similar changing trends, and they had the similar ecological adaptabilities.     

广东南岭植物群落物种多样性沿海拔梯度分布格局

南岭山地作为国际意义上的陆地生物多样性关键地区之一,拥有同纬度带上保存最完整的亚热带植被.以南岭国家级自然保护区植物群落为研究对象,计算植物群落的α多样性指数,分析海拔跨度413～1698 m内植被物种组成和物种多样性的垂直分布格局.结果表明:1)随着海拔梯度的上升,南岭山地内植被类型变化依次为沟谷常绿阔叶林、山地常绿...     

新疆阿尔泰山小东沟北坡植物多样性沿海拔梯度分布格局

分析新疆阿尔泰山小东沟北坡植物多样性随海拔梯度的变化规律。结果表明:小东沟山区总体上物种种类简单,物种丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均表现为:乔木层灌木层草本层;乔木层和灌木层的物种丰富度和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均沿海拔上升表现为先升高再降低的单峰趋势,即中间高度膨胀,且多样性峰值均出现在海拔1600～1800m处;草本层的物种丰富度和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均沿海拔升高,略微有所上升,变化不明显;乔、灌、草总的物种丰富度和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数沿海拔上升均呈现先增加后降低的单峰趋势。针阔叶混交林具有较高的物种多样性,从而使海拔1600～1700m处出现乔木层、灌木层及总的物种多样性峰值。随海拔升高,林分郁闭度减少,从而使得林下草本多样性有所增加。     

神农架土壤微生物群落的海拔梯度变化

To understand the microbial community,structure and its elevational patterns,four plant types at different elevations in Shennongjia Mountain,including deciduous broadleaved forest,subalpine coniferous...     

湘西土家族苗族自治州不同海拔梯度 景观格局时空变化特征

探究区域尺度不同海拔梯度下的景观格局变化特征,对维护区域可持续发展具有重要意义 。本研究以湘西土家 族苗族自治州(以下简称湘西州)为研究区,基于 30m分辨率的 CLCD土地覆盖数据集,利用 ArcGIS和 Fragstats 软件进 行统计处理,对比分析 2000~2020年不同海拔梯度景观格局的动态变化特征,结果表明:①研究区土地利用类型的变化特 征主要是农业用地和森林的相互转换,其中森林为研究区内的优势景观,海拔越高优势度越大,且面积保持逐年增长,主要 得益于植树造林、封山育林等林业工程取得良好成效,其次是农业用地,其面积逐年减少,是建筑用地的主要来源;②对比 研究区各景观指数近20年来的变化趋势,研究区内景观破碎程度降低,由小斑块向大斑块聚集,反映出湘西州城镇空间结 构不断优化,土地利用与开发逐渐规模化;高海拔山地地区也能因地制宜,在不破坏生态环境的前提下发展药材种植经济 ; ③在湘西州划分的 4个海拔梯度中, T1~T3梯度的土地利用与景观格局时空变化特征较为接近, T4梯度才出现了明显差 异 。说明在以山地地形为主体的湘西州,海拔 1500m左右是生态环境发生变化的重要分界线 。通过剖析湘西州的景观空 间结构及其影响因子,可为湘西州的景观规划发展以及生态资源的保护、管理和合理开发提供科学支持和规划建议。     

Species frequency of communities along northern slope of Changbai Mountain, Northeast China

IntroductionAs an important index reflecting species spatialpatterns, frequency reflects not only the importanceof species, but also the evenness of spatial distribution in community (Lin 1986, Magurran 1988; Dale1999). Frequency figure could reveal the complexityand diversity of community at some extent. Raunkiaer(1918) divided frequency indices into five classes,namely, Ac 1%-20%, Ba 21%-40%, Cd 41%-60%, Da61%-80%, and Ed 81%-100%, and based on 8 078frequency indices of herbaceous vegetat…     

长白山自然保护区蝴蝶区系研究

2003～2006年对长白山保护区蝴蝶种类进行了多次系统调查,共采集蝴蝶100种,隶属于7科59属,区系成分以广布种为主,各林带蝴蝶种类以红松阔叶林最多,苔原带最少,体现了环境变化对蝴蝶种类分布的影响。     

长白山北坡土壤线虫的群落结构特征

对长白山北坡不同海拔（7262200m）的阔叶红松林、红松云冷杉混交林、暗针叶林、岳桦林和高山苔原中土壤线虫进行了研究。在2001、2002年春天,分别在样地的枯枝落叶层、不同深度的表层土（0-5、5-10、10．20cm）掘取土壤样品进行分析。土壤线虫群落中共有27个科,60个属,其中Plectus和Tylenchus两属为优势属,优势属线虫主要分布在枯枝落叶层中。土壤线虫数量与土壤含水量显著相关（r=0．357;p〈0.01）。在不同深度和植被群落中丰富度最大的是食细菌类群线虫。土壤线虫总数和营养类群在不同土壤深度中差异显著（p〈0.05）;食真菌类群／食细菌类群（F／B）和食真菌类群数量与食细菌类群数量之和与植食类群数量之比（WI）在不同深度也存在明显差异（P〈0．05）。总之,土壤水分是影响土壤线虫密度和营养组成的最主要因素之一,海拔梯度并未显著影响土壤线虫的生态指标,如营养多样性和Shannon指数。     

长白山马鹿的调查

马鹿在吉林省的分布区可划为 3个一级区和 8个二级区 ,适栖面积为 1.0 4× 10 6hm2 ,预计数量为 9853± 3586只 ,马鹿的平均寿命为 6.9岁。     

大气CO2倍增对长白山不同树种的苗木的影响

组成长白山阔叶红松林的主要树种红松、云杉、落叶松、大青杨、白桦、椴树、水曲柳和色木的幼树,盆栽于模拟自然光照和人工调节CO2浓度为700祄olmol-1、400祄olmol-1的气室内两个生长季(1998-1999),以生长在400祄olmol-1下的幼树为对照组。研究结果表明:高CO2浓度下生长的红松、云杉、落叶松、大青杨、白桦、椴树、水曲柳和色木的高生长比对照组的幼树提高10%~40%。水分利用效率均有不同程度的提高,但不同树种叶绿素含量和蒸腾速率对高CO2浓度反应不一。长期高CO2浓度环境下生长的阔叶树对大气CO2浓度升高反应较针叶树敏感,供试8个树种对CO2浓度的升高均发生光合驯化现象。图2表2参24。     

Leaf and twig litter decomposition of main species in different forests along the north slope of Changbai Mountain, northeast China

From 2001 to 2003, the litter decomposition dynamics of dominant tree species were conducted using a litterbag burying method in the broadleaf-Korean pine forest, spruce-fir forest and Ermans birch forest, which represents three altitudinal belts in Changbai Mountain, northeast China. The spatial and temporal dynamics of litter decomposition and the effects of litter properties were examined. Furthermore, the decomposition trend of different species was simulated by the Olson model, and results showed that annual mass loss rates increased over time, but was not significantly correlated. Leaf decomposition rates increased after decomposing for 638 days (1.75 years), and the order of dry weight remaining rates of leaf litter for different species is: Asian white birch (Betula platyphylla) (24.56%) < Amur linden (Tilia amurensis) (24.81%) < Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) (38.48%) < spruce (Picea jezoensis var. microsperma) (41.15%) < Ermans birch (Betula ermanii) (41.53%) < fir (Abies nephrolepis) (42.62%). The dry weight remaining rates of twig litter was smaller than that of leaf litter, and followed the order of Amur linden (44.98%) < fir (64.62%) < Korean pine (72.07%) < spruce (73.51%) < Asian white birch (77.37%) < Ermans birch (80.35%). The simulation results by the Olson model showed that, in leaf, the 95%-decomposition rates ranged from 4.5 to 8.0 years, and annual decomposition rate (k) followed the order of Amur linden (0.686) > Asian white birch (0.624) > Korean pine (0.441) > spruce (0.406) > fir (0.397) > Ermans birch (0.385); in twig, it ranged from 7.8 to 29.3 years, and k follows the order: Amur linden (0.391) > fir (0.204) > Korean pine (0.176) > spruce (0.157) > Asian white birch (0.148) > Ermans birch (0.102). In general, the differences of decomposition rate are evident between leaf and twig litter and among species, and were higher in broad-leaved species compared with coniferous species at the same elevation, and decreased with the ascending of elevation. __________ Translated from Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2006, 26(4): 1,037–1,046 [译自: 生态学报]     

长白山水生生物资源研究进展

长白山区水生生物资源是其整个自然资源的组成部分,为珍贵的天然财富,与人类的经济生活有着密切的关系,它们可以为人类提供名贵的药材和食疗佳品。长白山水生生物主要包括水生植物、水生昆虫、鱼类、两栖类。本文对长白山地区水生生物资源的研究概况进行了简要综述。     

Spring home range and social behavior of Hazel grouse at Changbai Mountain

IntpoductionTheHazelgrouse(BoIIasaboIlasia)iswidelydistribute`Iintbeforestofnord1Eurasia.li1Cllli1a,itismailllydis-tributedinChangbaiMountain,nortlleastofDaxiIlg'al1MountainsandXiaoxing'anMou111ali1s,al1datAltaiMountaininXinjiangProvlilce.Previousstudiesontl1eHazelRouseinChinawasbasedOI1lyOI1interruptedfieldobservationsandcaptivebreedli1g(7dsaoZl1engjie1977,ZhuZuobliletal.1988,GaoWeiandZlluZllobil1199l).Duringl993~l994,radiotelenletrywasusedol1tlIestudyofHaZelgrouseinChal1gbaiMo…