不同抗生素对肉鸡生产性能影响的试验

本试验用２４００只“ＡＡ”肉仔鸡随机分为４组,每小组６００只,５次重复,试验Ｉ组用速大肥;试验Ⅱ线用杆菌肽锌;试验Ⅲ组用硫酸粘杆菌素＋杆菌钛锌,并设对照组,饲养期为５３天,出栏各组体重分别为２４１２ｇ,２３０８ｇ,,２３８６ｇ２２６５ｇ经方差分析,试验Ｉ组,试验Ⅲ组与对照组差异极显著（Ｐ〈０．０１）,试验ＩＩ组与对照组差异显著（Ｐ〈０．０５）,各组饲料转化率分别为２．２４５,２．３１２,２３．２７     

植物甾醇对生长猪生产性能和血脂的影响

选取90头体重约40kg的杜枫姜三元杂交猪,随机分成2组,每组3个重复,每重复15头,分别饲喂基础日粮(对照组)和基础日粮+25mg/kg植物甾醇的试验日粮(试验组)。研究植物甾醇对生长猪生产性能和血脂水平的影响。试验60d后,检测生产性能指标和血清血脂指标。结果显示:植物甾醇能显著提高育肥猪饲料转化率(P<0.05),降低血清中低密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯含量(P<0.05);具有降低血清胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白含量的趋势(P>0.05);植物甾醇可能通过抑制低密度脂蛋白的生成来降低血脂。     

植物甾醇对生长猪生产性能和胴体品质的影响

为研究植物甾醇对生长猪生产性能和胴体品质的影响。选取90头体重约40 kg的杜枫姜三元杂交猪随机分成2组,每组3个重复,每重复15头,分别饲喂基础日粮(对照组)和饲喂基础日粮+25 mg/kg植物甾醇的试验日粮(试验组)。试验60 d后,检测生产性能指标和胴体品质。结果显示:植物甾醇能显著提高育肥猪料饲料转化率和降低皮肤比率(P<0.05),并具有提高平均日增重和胴体瘦肉率的趋势(P>0.05),对屠宰率无明显影响。     

复方发酵中药对肉鸡生产性能的影响

为了研究复方发酵中药制剂对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响,本研究按照试验设计给各组肉鸡饮用不同的制剂,结果表明,发酵中药能显著提高肉鸡的体重、降低料重比、提高抗体水平。     

胆汁酸复合乳化剂对肉鸡生产性能的影响

选取432只l日龄AA肉仔鸡随机分为4组,每组设6个重复,每重复18只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加300g/t、550g/t和800g/t的胆汁酸复合乳化剂,试验期42d。结果表明,胆汁酸复合乳化剂能有效提高肉仔鸡生产性能。添加800g/t胆汁酸复合乳化剂对生产性能的提高作用最明显,平均日增重提高7.63%(P<0.01),料肉比下降8.04%(P<0.01),经济效益提高8.65%。     

植物甾醇对断奶仔猪生产性能和血液生化指标的影响

为了研究植物甾醇对断奶仔猪生产性能和血清胆固醇等血液生化指标的影响,试验选用28日龄杜长大断奶仔猪90头作为试验动物,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头,分别饲喂基础日粮（空白对照组）与在基础日粮中分别添加40 mg/kg（试验组1）和60mg/kg植物甾醇（试验组2）的试验日粮。试验分三期进行,共34 d。试验结果表明,与对照组相比,植物甾醇试验组降低了断奶仔猪的料肉比（P〉0.05）;试验组1血清总胆固醇（TC）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平显著降低（P〈0.05）;两试验组组均可显著提高血清总蛋白（TP）含量（P〈0.05）,并对超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性有一定程度的提高作用（P〉0.05）。因此,日粮中添加植物甾醇可以提高断奶仔猪的生产性能,并显著降低其血液胆固醇水平。     

植物甾醇对断奶仔猪生产性能和血液生化指标的影响

为了研究植物甾醇对断奶仔猪生产性能和血清胆固醇等血液生化指标的影响,试验选用28日龄杜长大断奶仔猪90头作为试验动物,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头,分别饲喂基础日粮(空白对照组)与在基础日粮中分别添加40 mg/kg(试验组1)和60 mg/kg植物甾醇(试验组2)的试验日粮.试验分三期进行,共34 d.试验结果表明,与对照组相比,植物甾醇试验组降低了断奶仔猪的料肉比(P＞0.05);试验组1血清总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平显著降低(P＜0.05);两试验组组均可显著提高血清总蛋白(TP)含量(P＜0.05),并对超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性有一定程度的提高作用(P＞0.05).因此,日粮中添加植物甾醇可以提高断奶仔猪的生产性能,并显著降低其血液胆固醇水平.     

植物甾醇对肉鸭胆固醇代谢和抗氧化性能的影响

2000只15日龄的商品代樱桃谷肉鸭随机分成5组,每组4个重复,每个重复100只肉鸭,分别饲喂添加0(对照组)、10、20、40、80mg/kg植物甾醇日粮。42日龄试验结束时,每组随机抽取公、母鸭各5只屠宰,测定各项指标。结果表明,植物甾醇对生产性能无显著影响(P>0.05)。植物甾醇降低了肉鸭血清中总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的含量,当添加量为40mg/kg时差异显著(P<0.05);日粮中添加10mg/kg、20mg/kg和40mg/kg植物甾醇后,肉鸭肝脏胆固醇合成速度明显加快;添加80mg/kg植物甾醇的试验组肉鸭,血浆中总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著(P<0.05)升高,添加10或40mg/kg植物甾醇的组,肝脏中T-SOD活性显著(P<0.05)升高。结果提示植物甾醇可能通过抑制低密度脂蛋白的生成来降低血脂,同时影响肝脏内源性胆固醇的合成,并且可能通过提高机体抗氧化酶活性达到抗氧化效果。     

β-甘露聚糖酶对肉鸡生产性能的影响

将1日龄健康的160只艾维茵肉仔鸡随机分为4组,在基础日粮中分别添加0、0.4、0.5和0.6g/kgβ-甘露聚糖酶,观察其对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,在肉仔鸡日粮中加入0.5g/kgβ-甘露聚糖酶可提高平均体质量4.7%,降低料重比7.5%,提高胸肌率8.1%,差异显著。     

活菌制剂对肉鸡生产性能的影响

选用384只一日龄艾维茵肉雏鸡（公母各半）进行为期7周的饲养试验。观察在日粮中添加不同水平“磊菌宝”活菌制剂I号（简称LJB I）对肉鸡生长性能的影响，试验结果表明，在日粮中添加0．1％的LJB I）能提高肉仔鸡的平均日增重7．8％（P＜0．01），采食量提高4．79％（P＜0．05），饲料转化率也有明显提高，肉仔鸡的成活率可提高6．2％，同时还能够改善饲养环境，在家畜体内无残留，使经济效益明显提高。     

Effect of quantitative feed restriction on broiler performance

The objective of the current study was to determine the effect of quantitative feed restriction on the performance of broilers. A total of 270 unsexed broilers were randomly allocated to three treatments: with no feed restriction (T1), one week (T2) and two (T3) weeks of feed restriction from 22 days of age and then fed ad libitum until the age of 42 days. Treatments were replicated three times with 30 birds per replicate. Birds were fed with starter, grower and finisher diets. The feed consumed and body weights were recorded every week from the third to the sixth week. The average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) were computed for each week. At Week 6, body weights of T3 birds were similar (P > 0.05) to those of T1 and T2 birds. There were also no treatment effects on the ADG at Week 6. In addition, no treatment effects (P > 0.05) were observed on ADFI at each stage of growth. Since ADFI and FCR were similar among the three groups, it was concluded that feed restriction by limiting the time to eat was not successful. There was also no evidence of compensatory growth in the restricted groups.     

Effect of stocking density on performance of broiler chicks

In two experiments space allowances of 0.143, 0.122, 0.105 and 0.093 m²/bird and 0.093, 0.078, 0.064 and 0.047 m²/bird were used and their effects on live‐weight, food consumption and food conversion of Cobb broilers up to 10 weeks old were measured.

When the space allowance was greater than 0.093 m²/bird there was no effect on any of the characters studied.

At 10 weeks old a decrease in space allowance from 0.093 to 0.047 m²/bird was accompanied by reduced final live‐weight and food consumption and increased efficiency of food conversion; the effect on live‐weight was smaller at 9 weeks and was not significant at 8 or 7 weeks.

It was concluded that in broiler experiments ending at 8 weeks a space allowance of 0.078 m²/bird (0.8 ft²/bird) is more than adequate.     

Effect of sulfur dioxide on broiler performance and health

Investigations were conducted, with the view to establishing short-time effects of SO2 alone and in combination with power station fly-ash as well as long-time effects of SO2 on broiler. The experimental concentrations up to 16 X 330 ppm did not reveal any deterimental impact upon live weight or feed consumption. Histological, haematological, and clinico-chemical tests indicated that damage was caused only by highly repetitive short-time exposure to very high SO2 concentrations (330 ppm), such damage being reflected in slight increase of erythrocyte count, lowered colour index, rise in SGPT activity, and histologically, inflammatory changes in the lungs and degeneration in the liver. Broiler fattening units, therefore, can be established with good economy also in areas with high SO2 emission.     

小麦戊聚糖对肉鸡生产性能的影响

在许多国家,小麦已经成为一种主要的饲料原料。最近,一些传统采用玉米型日粮的地区,由于玉米供应不稳定,也开始考虑采用如小麦、大麦和燕麦等来作饲料的主要能量原料。小麦作为肉鸡饲料原料,已进行了大量的试验研究,并对其所含阿拉伯木聚糖产生的食糜粘度对肉鸡生产性能的影响也作了一定研究。Ｂｅｄｆｏｒｄ(1996)研究了小麦日粮中阿拉伯木聚糖的食糜粘度和肉鸡生产性能的关系,认为有很强的负相关(Ｒ2=09454,Ｐ=00001),即使在极低的食糜粘度下,也存在这种相关性。但目前对此尚存争议,本文就小麦中戊聚糖含量与其表观代谢能、食糜粘度和肉鸡…     

芽孢杆菌制剂对肉鸡生产性能的影响

在实践中芽孢杆菌制剂被广泛关注,本试验通过肉鸡大群生产性试验判定芽孢杆菌制剂的实际效能。试验采用随机区组设计,将2560羽AA＋肉鸡均分至4个饲粮处理组中,对照组使用基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ组在基础日粮中添加100g／t的益畜宝,试验Ⅱ组添加200g／t的益畜宝,试验Ⅲ组添加700g／t的益菌健;饲养期52d。结果表明,饲粮中添加200g／t的益畜宝可提高出栏体重0．1kg（P〈0．05）;其他处理之间差异不显著（P〉0．05）。单从数值上看,使用700g／t的益菌健可以提高存活率2．5个百分点;使用200g／t的益畜宝可以降低料重比0．06。结论：肉鸡日粮中添加芽孢杆菌制剂对提高出栏体重、降低料重比和死亡率都有一定的积极作用。     

几种抗生素对肉鸡生产性能的影响

抗生素作为饲料添加剂已有５０年的历史 ,它在畜牧业中的应用是动物营养史的一大进步。尽管其促生长效果明显 ,但其确切促生长机理至今仍没有统一定论 ,Ｓｕｎｄｅ在１９９０年总结了几种可能的抗生素作用机制 ,目前被大多数人所接受。随着对抗生素研究的深入 ,人们不仅注重抗生素的促生长效果 ,而且在以下几方面对抗生素使用安全性问题更加关注。①饲料中长期使用抗生素 ,其促生长效应是否维持不变。②微生物产生的抗药性是否会传到人体 ,从而影响人用抗生素疗效。③抗生素的残留问题。因此 ,联合国粮农组织 (ＦＡＯ)、世界卫生组织 (ＷＨ…     

甘草多糖的提取及其对肉仔鸡生长性能的影响

甘草根粉索氏提取,除蛋白、乙醇沉淀、抽滤、检测得甘草多糖,将所提甘草多糖以饲料添加剂的形式给予1日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡,对其生长性能(体重、料肉比)进行测定。结果表明:甘草多糖能明显提高艾维茵肉仔鸡的生长性能,与对照组相比,差异显著。     

实验性腹水综合征对肉仔鸡生产性能及血液参数的影响

肉鸡腹水综合征（ASC）又称肉鸡肺动脉高压综合征（PHS），是肉鸡疾病、死亡和胴体淘汰的最主要因素，导致巨大的经济损失。据调查报道，全球每年因肉鸡ASC所造成的经济损失大约为10亿美元，因ASC死亡而造成的经济损失约为5亿美元Ⅲ。目前，从遗传育种和兽医病理学角度研究肉鸡ASC的文献资料很多，然而，从营养的角度来研究肉鸡ASC的资料较少，尤其缺乏机制性的研究。     

Effect of different dietary ideal protein concentrations on broiler performance

1. The aim of the study was to examine the response of male broilers of different age categories to different dietary ideal protein (IP) concentrations and to compare the effects to IP recommendations based on single lysine (Lys) requirement studies from the literature. 2. Two experiments were carried out, in which diets containing different IP concentrations (9.0 to 14.4g apparent faecal digestible (AFD) Lys/kg) were fed to male broilers from 14 to 34 (Exp. 1) and 28 to 41 d of age (Exp. 2). The diets (12.88MJ AMEN/kg) were prepared by the dilution technique. The effect of dietary IP concentrations on weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion efficiency (FCE) and slaughter characteristics were studied in both experiments. 3. In Exp. 1, weight gain and FCE increased linearly and fat concentration in the carcase decreased with increasing IP concentration. In Exp. 2, weight gain and FCE improved exponentially, whereas breast meat yield improved linearly with increasing dietary IP concentration. On the basis of these results, it was concluded that the weight gain and FCE of male broilers respond to higher dietary IP levels than would be expected from single lysine requirement studies in the literature.     

棕榈仁粕对肉鸡生长性能及健康的影响

随着棕榈仁粕产量的增加以及大家对常规饲料原料可持续利用的担忧．世界部分地区对棕榈仁粕在肉鸡日粮中的最大添加水平进行了一些研究．结果表明棕榈仁粕不含抗营养成分,只要日粮的氨基酸和代谢能平衡．棕榈仁粕的安全添加水平至少可高达40％。虽然棕榈仁粕的添加导致日粮纤维较高和饲料消化率降低．但是却提高了采食量．最终摄入的总可消化营养成分也相应提高。β-甘露聚糖是棕榈仁粕中非淀粉多糖的主要成分,有报道认为,甘露糖和甘露低聚糖都能起到益生素的作用．日粮中添加棕榈仁粕增强禽类免疫系统功能．减少肠道致病菌数。凭借以上两个优点,我们强烈推荐棕榈仁粕添加到肉鸡日粮中．尤其是在棕榈仁粕生产国．这不仅有利于提高肉鸡生产性能．还能促进鸡群健康。有选择性地添加一些酶制剂到到饲料中．可增加饲料转化率和消化率．同时也降低排泄物的水分含量。