邯郸地区羊消化道蠕虫感染情况调查

为了研究邯郸地区羊消化道蠕虫的感染情况,试验采用漂浮法和沉淀法对邯郸地区的368只羊进行了消化道蠕虫感染情况调查。结果有192只羊感染蠕虫,表明邯郸地区羊消化道蠕虫感染率为52.2%(192/368)。调查共发现11种蠕虫,即肝片形吸虫、扩展莫尼茨绦虫、贝氏莫尼茨绦虫、细颈囊尾蚴、捻转血矛线虫、毛首线虫、羊仰口线虫、绵羊夏伯特线虫、辐射食道口线虫、乳突类圆线虫、蒙古马歇尔线虫,其感染率分别为4.1%、3.5%、10.3%、47.5%、36.4%、26.9%、18.2%、14.4%、18.2%、15.8%和6.5%,表明邯郸地区羊消化道蠕虫的优势虫种为细颈囊尾蚴和捻转血矛线虫。     

山西榆次区北郊绵羊胃肠道线虫感染调查及长刺似细颈线虫的描述

为初步了解山西榆次区放养绵羊消化道线虫的感染状况,采用蠕虫学剖检术对榆次区北郊农村的4只绵羊消化道线虫感染率和感染强度进行了初步研究。结果显示,榆次区北郊放养绵羊消化道线虫总感染率为100%（4/4）,共检出7种线虫,分别为：捻转血矛线虫感染率为100%,平均感染强度51条;环纹奥斯特线虫为100%,39条;羊仰口线虫为50%,5条;长刺似细颈线虫为100%,29条;哥伦比亚食道口线虫为50%,4条;绵羊毛尾线虫为100%,12条;绵羊夏伯特线虫为100%,81条。经t检验,真胃中捻转血矛线虫与环纹奥斯特线虫两虫种感染强度差异不显著;小肠中羊仰口线虫与长刺似细颈线虫和大肠中绵羊毛尾线虫与哥伦比亚食道口线虫、绵羊夏伯特线虫虫种感染强度差异显著。同时,对长刺似细颈线虫进行了形态再描述。     

凉州区绵羊寄生虫感染调查与防治研究

为了解凉州区绵羊寄生虫感染情况,采用完全蠕虫解剖法随机对200只绵羊进行解剖,调查发现凉州区绵羊蠕虫感染率为100%,其中线虫感染率为89.0%,吸虫感染率为62.5%,绦虫感染率49.5%。调查中共检出19种蠕虫幼虫,其中线虫10种,有夏伯特线虫(Chabertia sp.)、毛圆线虫(Trichostrongylus sp.)、捻转血矛线虫(Hemonchus contortus)、细颈线虫(Nematodirus sp.)、丝状网尾线虫(Dictyocaulus filaria)、仰口线虫(Bunostomum trigonocephalum)、食道口线虫(Oesophagostomum spp.)、美丽筒线虫(Gongylonema pulchrum)羊毛尾线虫(Trichocephala ovis)、奥斯特线虫(Ostertagra sp.);绦虫5种,有莫尼茨绦虫(Moniezia sp.)、盖氏曲子宫绦虫(Helzctrometa giarda)、中点无卵黄腺绦虫(Avitelina centripunctata)、细粒棘球蚴(Echinococcus granulosus)、细颈囊尾蚴(Cysticercus tenuicollis);吸虫有4种,有肝片形吸虫(Fasciola hepatica)、矛形双腔吸虫(Dicrocoelium lanceatum)、东毕吸虫(Orientobilharzia sp.)、绵羊扁体吸虫(Ratynosomum ovis)。检出的优势虫种为捻转血矛线虫和羊仰口线虫。     

巴音布鲁克黑头羊消化道线虫病流行病学调查研究

寄生在羊消化道的线虫种类很多,各种消化道线虫往往混合感染对羊群造成不同程度的危害,是每年春、夏、秋季造成羊死亡的原因之一。笔者于2006年2月至5月期间,为了摸清巴音布鲁克黑头羊消化道线虫的感染种类及感染率进行了本次调查研究。经常规寄生虫病病原学(粪便)检查,发现羊体内有夏伯特线虫、奥斯特线虫、毛圆线虫、捻转血矛线虫、钝刺细颈线虫、马歇尔线虫等。其感染率可达100%,感染强度较高,如钝刺细颈线虫和捻转血矛线虫平均EPG均为100个/1g,夏伯特线虫和马歇尔线虫平均EPG都为67个/1g,消化道线虫混合感染情况严重,最多达6种,最少也有3种。此次调查结果对巴音布鲁克草原牧民们的驱虫工作起到指导作用,从而提高寄生虫病的综合防治水平,使黑头羊的生产管理及育肥得到保障,挽回经济损失。     

新疆部分地区双峰驼消化道寄生虫感染情况调查

为了了解新疆部分地区双峰驼消化道寄生虫的感染情况,试验采用常规寄生虫病病原检查技术(粪检技术)对新疆阿勒泰福海县及乌鲁木齐市达坂城区的121峰双峰驼(幼驼12峰)消化道寄生虫种类、感染率及感染强度进行了调查与统计。结果表明:双峰驼消化道寄生虫主要是线虫(细颈线虫、夏伯特线虫、血矛线虫)和球虫。新疆双峰驼消化道寄生虫感染率为31.4%(38/121),细颈线虫、夏伯特线虫、血矛线虫、球虫的感染率分别为9.9%、5.0%、3.3%和13.2%。幼年驼消化道寄生虫的检出率为66.7%,明显高于成年驼(27.5%)。单虫种感染率为22.3%;2种虫体混合感染率为3.3%,主要为细颈线虫和球虫混合感染、细颈线虫和夏伯特线虫混合感染;3种虫体混合感染率为1.6%,为细颈线虫、球虫及夏伯特线虫混合感染。新疆阿勒泰福海县的双峰驼消化道寄生虫感染强度高于乌鲁木齐市达坂城区,细颈线虫感染强度最高。说明双峰驼感染消化道寄生虫较为普遍,应采取合理的饲养方式,有效驱虫,保障驼产业的健康发展。     

云南省怒江州山羊寄生虫感染状况调查

[目的]了解云南省怒江州山羊寄生虫感染状况,为临床疫病诊断、驱虫用药提供科学依据。[方法]采用蠕虫学完全剖检方法抽样检查山羊87只。[结果]检出山羊寄生虫24种,隶属于5门5纲6目12科13属,其中吸虫4种、线虫15种、绦虫2种、蜘蛛昆虫3种。[结论]怒江州的羊仰口线虫、粗纹食道口线虫、捻转血矛线虫、丝状网尾线虫、叶氏夏伯特线虫、球形毛首线虫、哥伦比亚食道口线虫、羊毛首线虫、豹毛首线虫、羊夏伯特线虫和腔阔盘吸虫的感染率高、感染强度大、分布广,为怒江州山羊寄生虫的优势虫种。     

福建省山羊病例中主要蠕虫病的流行病学调查

为了解福建省山羊蠕虫病的流行情况,对来自福建省各地送检的308只山羊所检出的蠕虫按照不同日龄、不同月份以及不同饲养模式进行分类统计。6月龄内山羊感染的主要蠕虫有捻转血矛线虫、莫尼茨绦虫;6~12月龄山羊感染的主要蠕虫有捻转血矛线虫、莫尼茨绦虫、肝片吸虫、同盘吸虫和食道口线虫;12~18月龄山羊感染的主要蠕虫有捻转血矛线虫、肝片吸虫、同盘吸虫和食道口线虫;18月龄以上山羊感染的主要蠕虫有同盘吸虫、肝片吸虫、食道口线虫和阔盘吸虫。一年四季均可感染,下半年感染率略高于上半年。舍内饲养的山羊蠕虫感染率较低;山上放牧的山羊易感染捻转血矛线虫、食道口线虫和阔盘吸虫;在荒田或河边放牧的山羊易感染肝片吸虫、莫尼茨绦虫和同盘吸虫。羊群在不同阶段、不同季节、不同饲养模式条件下,蠕虫的感染情况有所不同。调查结果为福建省山羊蠕虫病的防控提供依据。     

羊消化道4种易混淆线虫虫卵的形态学观察与比较

为了方便临床上鉴定羊消化道常见且易混淆线虫虫卵并丰富相关资料,试验从羊消化道中采集疑似捻转血矛线虫、夏伯特线虫、食道口线虫和奥斯特线虫共4种线虫,采用形态学和分子生物学方法鉴定虫种,将4种线虫于体外短暂培养后得到纯种虫卵,通过观察虫卵不同发育阶段的胚胎形态变化获取每种线虫虫卵形态特征,并对虫卵的长径、宽径和长宽比进行测定。结果表明：经鉴定4种线虫分别为捻转血矛线虫、绵羊夏伯特线虫、粗纹食道口线虫和普通奥斯特线虫。4种线虫虫卵初期胚胎多呈收缩状态且形似桑葚,在外观形态上具有相似性,均为双层卵壳,多数对称,少数不对称。捻转血矛线虫虫卵呈短椭圆形,颜色较浅;绵羊夏伯特线虫虫卵呈椭圆形,颜色较捻转血矛线虫虫卵深;粗纹食道口线虫虫卵呈长椭圆形,颜色较捻转血矛线虫虫卵深,与绵羊夏伯特线虫虫卵相近;普通奥斯特线虫虫卵亦呈长椭圆形,颜色与捻转血矛线虫相近,较绵羊夏伯特线虫和粗纹食道口线虫虫卵浅。虫卵在生理盐水中培养1～6 d后,捻转血矛线虫、绵羊夏伯特线虫和普通奥斯特线虫依次进入蝌蚪期和幼虫期,但仅凭肉眼依然难以区分虫卵种类;绵羊食道口线虫未观察到含蝌蚪或含幼虫的虫卵,仅在桑葚期观察到胚胎收缩成1团及...     

哈萨克羊胃肠道线虫感染情况调查

胃肠道线虫病是对绵羊危害较严重的主要寄生虫病之一,严重影响养羊业的发展,为了摸清伊犁地区哈萨克羊胃肠道线虫感染情况,有效地指导防治工作。笔者采用硫酸镁饱和液漂浮法和尼龙筛兜淘洗法对本地区内哈萨克羊进行了初步抽检调查。调查结果表明:该地区哈萨克羊胃肠道线虫感染率为100%,所获寄生虫8种,即食道口线虫、捻转血矛线虫、细颈线虫、毛圆线虫、古柏线虫、夏伯特线虫、毛首线虫和类圆线虫,并多数羊只混合感染。     

羊常见肠道蠕虫病的防治

正最近,在羊场进行肠道蠕虫感染情况调查时发现,羊捻转血矛线虫、食道口线虫、网尾线虫、毛首线虫及莫尼茨绦虫的发病率较高,要引起养羊场(户)的关注。(一)羊捻转血矛线虫病羊捻转血矛线虫病是由捻转血矛线虫寄生在羊、牛等反刍动物真胃(皱胃)和小肠内的一种常见寄生虫病,也叫羊捻转胃虫病。1.病原。羊捻转血矛线虫外观呈毛发状,呈淡红色。颈乳突显著,呈锥形,伸向后侧方。头端尖     

神木县羊寄生蠕虫种类及感染情况初步研究

为了解神木县羊寄生虫的感染情况,2011年7月～8月,采用蠕虫学完全剖检法抽样检查30只羊。共发现寄生虫11种,其中线虫8种:粗纹食道口线虫(Oesophagostomum asperum)、捻转血矛线虫(Haemonchus contortus)、毛尾线虫(Trichuris sp.)、细颈线虫(Nematodirus sp.)、羊仰口线虫(Bunosto-mum trigoncephalum)、毛圆线虫(Trichostrongylus sp.)、美丽筒线虫(Gongylonema pulchrum)、尖尾线虫(Oxyuris sp.);吸虫1种:矛形歧腔吸虫(Dicrocoelium lanceatum);绦虫2种:莫尼茨绦虫(Monieziasp.)、细颈囊尾蚴(Cysticercus tenuicollis)。其中线虫、绦虫感染率高,感染强度大。捻转血矛线虫感染率80%,粗纹食道口线虫感染率45%,细颈囊尾蚴感染率45%,为优势种。     

Prevalence of helminth parasites in free-range chickens from selected rural communities in KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa

A total of 79 chickens were randomly collected from 4 rural localities and processed to detect the presence of helminth parasites and their prevalences. Sixteen helminth species comprising 12 nematode and 4 cestode species were recorded from the 4 localities. Syngamus trachea and Cyathostoma spp. were the only helminth species recovered from the respiratory tract and the rest of the helminth species were from the gastrointestinal tract. The most prevalent nematode species across the 4 localities were Heterakis gallinarum (prevalence range 80-94.4%), Gongylonema ingluvicola (43.3-867%), Tetrameres american (53.3-66.7%) and Ascaridia galli (22.2-43.8%) and for cestode species, Raillietina tetragona (16.7-40%) and Skrijabinia cesticillus (3.3-13.3%) were the most prevalent in that order. Heterakis gallinarum and T americana had the highest intensity of infection in chickens across all the rural areas compared with other helminth species. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) observed in the sex distribution for As. galli, Baruscapillaria obsignata (syn. Capillaria obsignata), Eucoleus annulatus (syn. Capillaria annulata), Eucoleus contortus (syn. Capillaria contorta) and Subulura suctoria among the 4 rural areas. However, a significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed in the intensity of infection of both males and females for H. gallinarum and T americana across the 4 localities studied. Tetrameres americana, A. galli, C. obsignata and C. annulata had prevalence and number of females higher than that of males, while H. gallinarum showed the opposite. Prevalence of H. gallinarum and T. americana as determined by faecal egg count were much lower compared with the prevalence as determined by post mortem examination, confirming the limitation of using faecal samples in determining the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites in chickens.     

内蒙古某牲畜交易市场绵羊肠道蠕虫感染情况调查

[目的] 掌握内蒙古某大型牲畜交易市场绵羊肠道蠕虫的感染情况。[方法] 2020年7月—2021年6月逐月收集该市场绵羊粪便样本12次,共1 082份,采用饱和蔗糖溶液漂浮法进行虫卵检查,对绵羊感染的肠道蠕虫卵进行形态学鉴定。采用统计学方法比较不同月份、年龄、性别绵羊肠道蠕虫感染率差异。[结果] 282份粪便样本呈蠕虫卵阳性,感染率为26.1%（282/1 082）。鉴定出6种蠕虫,以圆线虫为主要感染虫种,感染率为16.5%（179/1 082）;鞭虫、莫尼茨绦虫、细颈线虫、蛲虫和钩虫的感染率分别为7.8%（84/1 082）、3.2%（35/1 082）、1.9%（21/1 082）、0.6%（7/1 082）和0.1%（1/1 082）。10月和11月绵羊的肠道蠕虫感染率较高,分别为47.4%（45/95）和43.7%（38/87）;1月和2月绵羊的肠道蠕虫感染率较低,分别为13.0%（12/92）和12.2%（11/90）;不同采样月绵羊肠道蠕虫感染率统计学差异极显著（χ²=63.957,df=11,P<0.01）。≤6月龄、7~12月龄和>1岁的绵羊肠道蠕虫感染率分别为14.5%（56/385）、31.1%（161/517）和36.1%（65/180）,不同年龄段绵羊肠道蠕虫的感染率统计学差异极显著（χ²=42.853,df=2,P<0.01）。公羊和母羊的肠道蠕虫感染率分别为24.3%（102/420）和27.2%（180/662）,无统计学差异（P>0.05）。[结论] 该牲畜交易市场绵羊肠道蠕虫感染与季节、年龄有关,应针对性确定防治方案。     

Cross-infection between tropical goats and heifers with Haemonchus contortus

Developing effective biological control without the systematic use of anthelmintics is necessary to reduce the impact of gastrointestinal nematodes on small ruminants. Therefore, grazing management systems that use different host species to dilute nematodes in pasture appear to be promising for worm control. A trial was carried out to investigate the specificity of Haemonchus contortus for goats and cattle and to evaluate cross-infection between ruminant species. The effect of an experimental infection of 12 heifers by the free-living stages of H. contortus collected from goats (500 larvae per kg liveweight) was evaluated and compared to uninfected controls. After 28 and 35 days, egg excretion was measured. The experimental infection of heifers by H. contortus was not significant, with no egg excretion. These results, i.e., the lack of cross-infection of GIN between goats and cattle, suggest that integrated grazing using such animals could be employed for pasture dilution and decontamination.     

我国部分地区牛羊弓形虫血清流行病学调查

为了解我国牛羊弓形虫病流行情况,应用间接血凝试验（IHA）对河南、山东、山西、内蒙古、云南、贵州6省区151份牛血清、50份奶样、490份羊血清进行了弓形虫病血清流行病学调查。结果显示：151份被检牛血清和50份牛奶样品,弓形虫抗体均为阴性。490份羊血清弓形虫抗体总阳性率5.71％,其中母羊、公羊血清阳性率分别为4.03％和9.79％;山羊、绵羊、杂交羊血清阳性率分别为6.58％、4.81％和5.13％;阳性率最高的为公山羊（13.2％）,最低的为母绵羊（2.96％）。28份阳性羊血清中,75％的抗体滴度为1：64,25％的抗体滴度为1：256。1岁后的羊,随年龄增长,血清阳性率升高。     

Gastrointestinal helminths and lungworms of French dairy goats: Prevalence and geographical distribution in Poitou-Charentes

A study was conducted on 81 dairy-goat farms in western France. Faecal samples were collected once and 31 culled goats were necropsied in order to assess their gastrointestinal and respiratory helminth species, their prevalences and the intensities of infection as well as their geographical distribution in six subregions of the surveyed area. Fifteen species of helminth were recovered. The most frequent wereMuellerius capillaris, Trichostrongylus colubriformis andTeladorsagia circumcincta with a prevalence more than 90%. The two latter species represented respectively 50.9% and 30.2% of the total worm burden of the digestive tract. Other prevalent species wereHaemonchus contortus, Strongyloides papillosus, Trichuris spp.,Moniezia spp. andDicrocoelium lanceolatum. The occurrence ofDicrocoelium lanceolatum was related to the presence of calcareous or alkaline soils and restricted to the south of the surveyed area. No area at particular risk was defined for the other helminth infections, probably because of the relative homogeneity in climatic and topographic conditions of the six agricultural regions.     

Incidence and prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasites in domestic ruminants in Ghana

Giemsa-stained thin blood smears prepared monthly from cattle, sheep and goats in the Greater Accra region of Ghana between May 1994 and December 1996 were examined for presence of tick-borne haemoparasites. The majority of animals were less than 2 months old at the start of the survey. Monthly and cumulative incidences are presented of Anaplasma sp., Babesia bigemina, Borrelia sp., Eperythrozoon sp., Theileria mutans and Theileria velifera in cattle, Anaplasma sp., Borrelia sp., and Theileria sp. in sheep, and Anaplasma sp. in goats. T. mutans was the commonest parasite in cattle, with 100% incidence in calves by 10 months of age, and Anaplasma was commonest in small ruminants. The relative prevalence of these haemoparasites in blood smears from cattle, sheep and goats sampled on a single occasion at sites in all 10 regions of Ghana was found to be similar, though actual infection rates were lower. Packed cell volume (PCV) measurements from the sampled animals are also presented; no seasonal trends were evident in the PCV of the cattle, sheep and goats sampled monthly. In animals sampled on a single occasion, mean PCV was significantly higher in cattle and sheep without detectable haemoparasite infection, and in cattle was lowest in animals positive for both Babesia and Anaplasma, while there was no difference in mean PCV levels between parasitised and non-parasitised goats.     

哈尔滨北方森林动物园观赏肉食目动物寄生蠕虫感染情况调查

为了解哈尔滨北方森林动物园观赏肉食目动物寄生蠕虫的感染状况，于2009年3～5月采用饱和盐水漂浮法和水洗沉淀法对犬、猫、熊和浣熊4科的67只观赏肉食目动物粪便进行了蠕虫虫卵检查。结果有19只检出虫卵，感染率为28．4％。其中猫科、熊科、浣熊科、犬科的感染率分别为63．6％、16．7％、14．3％和5．0％，在检出的虫卵中，各种蛔虫卵占优势。该调查为动物园制定肉食目动物驱虫方案奠定了基础。     

2012年全国家畜血吸虫病疫情状况

本文通报了2012年全国家畜血吸虫病疫情状况。在2012年,湖南省、湖北省、江西省、四川省、安徽省、云南省、江苏省等7省共有存栏牛1 033 056头,存栏羊2 024 512只,其他家畜存栏数891 301头（匹、只）。2012年共检查了684 899头牛,其中牛血吸虫病阳性3961头,阳性率0.58%,比2011年的阳性数下降了42.57%;检查了71 473只羊,其中羊血吸虫病阳性406只,阳性率0.57%,比2011年的阳性数下降了4.19%,并对142 976头其他家畜进行了检查,其中血吸虫病阳性为21头,阳性率0.01%。湖南省和江西省的病牛数占到了全国病牛数的80.06%。2012年,全国家畜血吸虫病疫情较之2011年继续下降,但是洞庭湖和鄱阳湖地区依然是今后家畜血吸虫病疫情控制的难点和重点。