犬细小病毒病的诊治

犬细小病毒病是由犬细小病毒((Canine Parovorius,CPV)引起的一种急性或亚急性传染病.CPV有两种类型:CPV-1,CPV-2,而引起该病的病原是CPV-2[1].     

犬细小病毒病的诊治

1997年7月至2003年1月,我县流行以呕吐、腹泻,出血性肠炎和白细胞减少为主要临床症状的犬传染病,经临床症状观察、病理剖检变化及实验室诊断,确诊为犬细小病毒病.笔者几年来共治疗犬细小病毒病1124例,其中包括免疫犬和未免疫犬,治愈911例,治愈率81.9%,效果较为理想.     

犬细小病毒病的诊断与预防

犬细小病毒病是由犬细小病毒引起的犬的一种接触性、急性、致死性的传染病。其特征是剧烈呕吐、腹泻和白细胞显著减少。本病无明显发病季节，各年龄段犬均可发生。幼犬感染，主要呈心肌炎的急性经过，青年犬感染，以出血性肠炎为特征。该病感染率可高达100％，死亡率为30％～70％。     

犬细小病毒病的诊断与治疗

近年来，随着社会经济的发展，人民生活水平的大幅提高，以及农村产业结构的调整，我区养犬业出现了新的发展趋势，犬的养殖用途从过去的看家护院为主，发展到现在的以肉犬、宠物犬为主及警犬、斗犬的养殖。随着养犬业的发展和犬数量的大幅增加，犬传染病的发生已成为养犬业发展的最大障碍，尤其以犬细小病毒（CanineParvovirus，CPV）病的发病率高、传染性强、死亡率高而严重危害着养犬业的快速发展，在经济上造成了巨大的损失。２００１年１２月１６日，我区某养犬户多只犬突然发病，经临床症状、病理剖检和实验室检查我们对其进行了诊…     

犬细小病毒病的临床诊断与治疗

大细小病毒病是由大细小病毒引起的一种急性传染病,临床上以出血性肠炎、非化脓性心肌炎为特征,多发于3～6月龄幼犬,与犬瘟热同属危害养犬业的两大疾病之一,经几年来我们对该病的近200个病例的临床诊断,作如下小结。1临床症状由于犬主基本上都购买已过2月龄的幼犬,故门诊     

犬细小病毒病的治疗

犬细小病毒病是由犬细小病毒 (ＣＰＶ)引起的以剧烈呕吐、腹泻、血便、脱水、不食为主要特征的疾病。该病尚无特效疗法 ,主要根据病情发展对症治疗。治疗原则为 :抗菌消炎、止吐止泻、止血补液、及时纠正体液失调。发病初期 :按每千克体重 10 0～ 15 0ｍＬ糖盐水补液、加入丁胺卡那霉素、ＶＢ6、病毒唑、地塞米松 ,并加入犬的浓缩免疫球蛋白ＩｇＧ (西安第四军医大学生产 ) ;止吐选用爱茂尔注射 ;灌肠用庆大霉素 ,65 4 2或药用炭。治疗 2次一般就有明显好转。口服吗丁啉或肌注胃复安并用上述抗生素维持 2次即可康复。发病中期 :在以上方案的…     

中西药治疗犬细小病毒病

犬细小病毒病是由犬细小病毒引起的犬的一种急性致死性传染病。本病的发生流行无明显的季节性,一般在寒冷季节多发。临床特征主要表现为出血性肠炎和心肌炎变化。肠炎型的青年犬发,心肌炎型的二月龄以内幼犬多发。对该病笔者应用中西药结合的方法进行了治疗,收到良好效果。     

犬细小病毒病的诊断与治疗

犬细小病毒病,又称犬的病毒性胃肠炎,在兽医临床上是一种危害性大、传染性强、发病率高、致死率高以及诊治困难的烈性传染病,可引起心肌炎和胃肠炎。心肌炎主要损害3～6周龄的幼犬,青年、成犬也可能患病。肠炎型主要发病年龄为2～6月龄,占80%。重复感染也有发生。本文就犬细小病毒病的症状分析、综合诊断和科学合理地治疗进行系统详尽地总结和分析,目的是为临床上该病的诊治提供科学的理论依据和实践支持。     

犬细小病毒病的诊断与治疗

犬细小病毒病,又称犬的病毒性胃肠炎,在兽医临床上是一种危害性大、传染性强、发病率高、致死率高以及诊治困难的烈性传染病,可引起心肌炎和胃肠炎。心肌炎主要损害3～6周龄的幼犬,青年、成犬也可能患病。肠炎型主要发病年龄为2～6月龄,占80％。重复感染也有发生。本文就犬细小病毒病的症状分析、综合诊断和科学合理地治疗进行系统详尽地总结和分析,目的是为临床上该病的诊治提供科学的理论依据和实践支持。     

Oxidative stress indices in gastroenteritis in dogs with canine parvoviral infection

Gastroenteritis of viral origin has emerged as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in dogs during the last two decades. Amongst the viral etiologies responsible for gastroenteritis in dogs, canine parvovirus (CPV) is considered as the most pathogenic. The disease is characterized by hemorrhagic enteritis, bloody diarrhoea and myocarditis in young pups. The present study was carried out to examine alterations in oxidative stress indices in the erythrocytes from dogs suffering from gastroenteritis with or without canine parvoviral infection as confirmed by CPV-DNA amplification from faeces using specific primers for CPV-2 as well as CPV-2a and CPV-2b variants by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The present investigation utilized clinical cases of dogs with signs of acute diarrhea (n = 56), and 14 more apparently healthy dogs of similar age group. Erythrocytic oxidative stress indices such as lipid peroxides level and antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, and blood micro-mineral (iron, copper, cobalt and zinc) status were analyzed in each dog (n = 70). The acute cases of gastroenteritis in dogs were associated with altered erythrocytic lipid peroxidation as evident by estimation of malonaldehyde (MDA) concentration. The activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase, the first line of antioxidant defense against damaging effects of free radicals, were also altered. The alterations in oxidative stress indices were more pronounced in cases with involvement of canine parvovirus as compared to parvo-negative cases. Our results also revealed decreased blood zinc level in diarrhoea in dogs irrespective of involvement of canine parvovirus.     

Use of oseltamivir in the treatment of canine parvoviral enteritis

Objective – To determine if oseltamivir with standard therapy for canine parvoviral enteritis ameliorates disease morbidity, mortality, or both; to document significant adverse effects associated with its use.
Design – Prospective, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Setting – University veterinary teaching hospital.
Animals – Thirty-five dogs.
Interventions – Standard therapy was administered to all dogs. Treatment dogs also received oseltamivir, while control dogs received an equivalent volume of placebo.
Measurements and Main Results – Dogs were monitored daily according to a clinical scoring system, physical parameters, and diagnostic evaluations. Dogs in the treatment group gained a significant percentage of weight during hospitalization (mean, +2.6%; SD, 7.1%) versus the control dogs (mean, −4.5%; SD, 6.9%) ( P =0.006). Treatment dogs did not have any significant changes in their white blood cell (WBC) count, while control dogs experienced a significant drop in their WBC counts during their initial stay. In addition, it did not appear that oseltamivir use was associated with any major adverse clinical effects.
Conclusions – While a clear advantage to the use of oseltamivir was not established, a significant weight loss during hospitalization, as well as a significant decrease in WBC count were documented in the control group. No major adverse effects were identified that could be associated with oseltamivir administration. Based on these results, the true role of oseltamivir in the treatment of parvoviral enteritis remains speculative, although it is believed that further investigation is warranted.     

Experimentally induced severe canine parvoviral enteritis

Severe enteritis was produced in recently weaned, 8-week old pups 3 to 9 days after being given parvovirus by mouth. The most severe manifestations of disease were observed 7 days after infection, when one pup died. Viraemia was detected on days 4 and 5 and a severe leucopenia was present 6 to 8 days after infection. Antibody was demonstrated in serum 4 days after infection, high titres being present 3 days later. Sequential pathological studies revealed necrosis of Peyer's patches on day 3. Between days 5 and 7 typical lesions of the disease became widespread with necrosis of tonsil and thymus being prominent. By the fifth day after infection viral inclusion bodies were numerous. Virus isolation from tissues was greatest at this stage and had diminished by the seventh day. Although tissue repair was well advanced by the tenth day thymic necrosis remained prominent and villous atrophy was still present on day 13. Based on these findings a possible pathogenesis is discussed.     

Oxidative burst and phagocytic activity of phagocytes in canine parvoviral enteritis

Canine parvoviral enteritis (CPE) is a severe disease characterized by systemic inflammation and immunosuppression. The function of circulating phagocytes (neutrophils and monocytes) in affected dogs has not been fully investigated. We characterized the functional capacity of canine phagocytes in CPE by determining their oxidative burst and phagocytic activities using flow cytometry. Blood was collected from 28 dogs with CPE and 11 healthy, age-matched, control dogs. Oxidative burst activity was assessed by stimulating phagocytes with opsonized Escherichia coli or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and measuring the percentage of phagocytes producing reactive oxygen species and the magnitude of this production. Phagocytosis was measured by incubating phagocytes with opsonized E. coli and measuring the percentage of phagocytes containing E. coli and the number of bacteria per cell. Complete blood counts and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations were also determined. Serum CRP concentration was negatively and positively correlated with segmented and band neutrophil concentrations, respectively. Overall, no differences in phagocyte function were found between dogs with CPE and healthy control dogs. However, infected dogs with neutropenia or circulating band neutrophils had decreased PMA-stimulated oxidative burst activity compared to healthy controls. Additionally, CPE dogs with neutropenia or circulating band neutrophils had decreased PMA- and E. coli–stimulated oxidative burst activity and decreased phagocytosis of E. coli compared to CPE dogs without neutropenia or band neutrophils. We conclude that phagocytes have decreased oxidative burst and phagocytic activity in neutropenic CPE dogs and in CPE dogs with circulating band neutrophils.     

Prognostic usefulness of blood leukocyte changes in canine parvoviral enteritis

BACKGROUND: Despite treatment, many dogs still die of complications related to canine parvoviral (CPV) enteritis. Effective prognostication would be beneficial in managing this disease. HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesize that the occurrence of leukocytopenias at admission and at 24 and 48 hours after admission, and changes in absolute leukocyte counts over time, could be used to predict outcome. ANIMALS: Sixty-two puppies with confirmed CPV. METHODS: A prospective study was performed. CBC was performed daily until discharge or death (in which case a postmortem examination was performed). RESULTS: Of the nonsurvivors (10/62; 16%), 9 died because of complications of the disease and 1 was euthanized because of a poor prognosis. There was a statistical significant difference in the occurrence of leukocytopenias between groups at 24 and 48 hours postadmission. The survivors showed a significant increase over time in certain leukocyte types (specifically lymphocytes) compared with values at admission. The positive predictive value for survivors was high. Nonsurvivors had marked thymic and lymphoid atrophy and marked bone marrow hypocellularity. CONCLUSION: An accurate prognosis could be obtained at 24 hours after admission by evaluating the change in total leukocyte, band neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and eosinophil counts.     

一例犬胃内异物的诊疗

胃内异物是犬临床常见的消化道疾病,在临床诊断中经常会出现误诊,引起动物的死亡.作者通过一例典型病例,从发病情况、临床症状、实验室检查(血液学和影像学检查)和手术治疗及预后各个方面对犬胃内异物的诊治进行了分析和探讨.