柳蚕丝素重链基因(Fib-H)cDNA 5′端片段的克隆与表达分析

柳蚕(Actias selene Hübner)是鳞翅目大蚕蛾科的一种珍稀野生绢丝昆虫。利用RT-PCR方法克隆了柳蚕丝素重链基因(Fib-H)cDNA 5′端的一个片段,该片段序列长819 bp,编码273个氨基酸,含有4个保守多聚丙氨酸结构域。序列比对分析表明,该片段序列与樟蚕(Saturnia japonica)、天蚕(Antheraea yamamai)、柞蚕(Antheraea pernyi)、印度柞蚕(Antheraea mylit-ta)和家蚕(Bombyxmori)的Fib-H基因cDNA 5′端同源序列的相似性分别为72.5%、65.8%、65.1%、65.1%、47.1%。半定量PCR分析显示柳蚕Fib-H基因cDNA 5′端片段序列在5龄幼虫第1-12天的表达量呈现逐渐上升的趋势。     

柳蚕丝素重链基因(Fib-H)cDNA 5'端片段的克隆与表达分析

柳蚕(Actias selene Hübner)是鳞翅目大蚕蛾科的一种珍稀野生绢丝昆虫.利用RT-PCR方法克隆了柳蚕丝素重链基因(Fib-H)cDNA 5'端的一个片段,该片段序列长819 bp, 编码273个氨基酸,含有4个保守多聚丙氨酸结构域.序列比对分析表明,该片段序列与樟蚕(Saturnia japonica)、天蚕(Antheraea yamamai)、柞蚕(Antheraea pernyi)、印度柞蚕(Antheraea mylitta)和家蚕(Bombyx mori) 的Fib-H基因cDNA 5'端同源序列的相似性分别为72.5%、65.8%、65.1%、65.1%、47.1%.半定量PCR分析显示柳蚕Fib-H基因cDNA 5'端片段序列在5龄幼虫第1-12天的表达量呈现逐渐上升的趋势.     

柳蚕卵黄原蛋白(Vg)cDNA3′端的克隆及序列分析

柳蚕(Actias seleneHbner)是野生泌丝昆虫。从柳蚕雌蛹脂肪体中提取总RNA,根据已经解析出的其它泌丝昆虫的卵黄原蛋白cDNA序列设计特异性引物,对柳蚕卵黄原蛋白cDNA3′端进行RACE(rapid amplification ofcDNA ends)扩增,经克隆和测序得到了一条1 072 bp的cDNA片段,该序列与柞蚕(Antheraea pernyi)、天蚕(An-theraea yamamai)、野桑蚕(Bombyxmandarina)、家蚕(Bombyxmori)、樗蚕(Samia cynthia pryeri)、蓖麻蚕(Philosamiacynthia ricini)、樟蚕(Saturnia japonica)相应序列的同源性分别为82.5%、82.4%、67.0%、63.2%、80.3%、78.5%、81.0%。同源性分析表明,昆虫卵黄原蛋白的一级结构在进化上具有较高的保守性。     

柳蚕卵黄原蛋白(Vg)cDNA 3'端的克隆及序列分析

柳蚕(Actias selene Hubner)是野生泌丝昆虫.从柳蚕雌蛹脂肪体中提取总RNA,根据已经解析出的其它泌丝昆虫的卵黄原蛋白cDNA序列设计特异性引物,对柳蚕卵黄原蛋白cDNA 3'端进行RACE(rapid ampliftcation of eDNA ends)扩增,经克隆和测序得到了一条1 072 bp的cDNA片段,该序列与柞蚕(Antheraea pernyi)、天蚕(An.theraea yamamai)、野桑蚕(Bombyx mandarina)、家蚕(Bombyx mori)、樗蚕(Samia cynthia pryeri)、蓖麻蚕(Philosamia cynthia ricini)、樟蚕(Saturnia japonica)相应序列的同源性分别为82.5%、82.4%、67.0%、63.2%、80.3%、78.5%、81.0%.同源性分析表明,昆虫卵黄原蛋白的一级结构在进化上具有较高的保守性.     

牦牛和雄性不育犏牛睾丸FABP5和FABP9基因mRNA水平及能量代谢相关酶活力的比较

本研究旨在测定牦牛表皮细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白(FABP5)和睾丸型脂肪酸结合蛋白(FABP9)基因序列,比较其在牦牛和雄性不育犏牛睾丸中的表达,并结合睾丸中部分能量代谢相关酶的活力分析,以探索这两个基因及能量代谢与犏牛雄性不育之间的联系。试验从牦牛睾丸中提取总RNA,采用PCR方法获得了牦牛FABP5和FABP9基因的cDNA序列,编码区长度分别为408和399bp,与普通牛相比分别有1个和6个碱基差异,后者导致FABP9基因推导的氨基酸序列存在5个氨基酸差异。实时荧光定量PCR分析显示,FABP5基因在犏牛睾丸中的表达量极显著大于牦牛,而FABP9基因表达量差异不显著。犏牛睾丸中异柠檬酸脱氢酶活力极显著高于牦牛(P0.01),而β-羟脂酰CoA脱氢酶和乳酸脱氢酶活力与牦牛接近。犏牛睾丸中FABP5基因表达上调以及参与三羧酸循环的柠檬酸脱氢酶活力提高,可能提示雄性不育犏牛睾丸组织在脂肪酸氧化供能水平上高于成年牦牛。     

SD大鼠EGF基因cDNA序列的分子克隆

参考大鼠EGF基因序列,用PCR方法对SD大鼠EGF基因cDNA序列进行了克隆,获得了SD大鼠EGF基因的3 522bp的cDNA序列（GenBank登录号：JX149564）,其中CDS长度为3 186bp,编码了1 061个氨基酸。SD大鼠与国外报道的大鼠、小鼠、原鸡、猕猴、人等5个物种的EGF基因cDNA序列的同源性分别为97.6%、83.4%、59.7%、76.4%、73.5%,其编码蛋白的氨基酸序列同源性分别为99.2%、80.1%、52.6%、69.7%、69.4%。这一结果表明了EGF基因在进化过程中具有一定的保守性,但不同物种之间也具有特异性。通过比较SD大鼠EGF基因与GenBank数据库中发布的EGF基因的cDNA序列,本试验发现了22个SNP位点,其中9个没有改变氨基酸残基的性质,这一研究结果为EGF基因的SNPs数据库提供了新的信息。     

SD大鼠Krt71基因序列的分子克隆

参考大鼠Krt71基因序列,用PCR方法对SD大鼠Krt71基因DNA和cDNA序列进行克隆,获得SD大鼠Krt71基因的8 206bp的DNA序列(GenBank登录号:KF311105)和1 575bp的cDNA序列(GenBank登录号:KF303589),编码524个氨基酸。SD大鼠与国外报道的BN大鼠、小家鼠、家猫、家绵羊、家牛、苏门答腊猩猩和人等7个物种的Krt71基因cDNA序列的同源性分别为99.9%,95.2%,88.5%,87.5%,88.0%,88.1%,88.1%;其编码蛋白的氨基酸序列同源性分别为100.0%,98.9%,92.5%,91.5%,91.3%,91.5%,92.1%。这一结果表明Krt71基因在进化过程中具有较高的保守性,但不同物种之间也具有功能上的特异性。通过比较SD大鼠Krt71基因与GenBank数据库中发布的Krt71基因的序列,本试验发现了6个SNP位点,这些位点位于该基因的内含子序列,没有改变氨基酸的性质,这一研究结果为Krt71基因的SNPs数据库提供了新的内容。     

鸭A-FABP基因的克隆及其组织表达

本文采用RT-PCR方法从35周龄母鸭脂肪组织中克隆了A-FABP基因的cDNA序列,其长度为422 bp,包含了1个399 bp的完整CDS,编码132个氨基酸。该序列与家禽（鹅、鸡）和哺乳动物（人、小鼠、猪、牛）的A-FABP基因序列约有94%和73.4%-75.7%的同源性,而相应氨基酸序列的同源性为92.4%和72.0%-77.3%。半定量RT-PCR研究结果为A-FABP基因在间脑、肺和肾组织中不表达,在脂肪组织中的表达明显高于其他组织（P〈0.5）。表明A-FABP基因在动物进化中具有高度保守性,该基因的表达具有组织特异性。     

猪链球菌谷氨酸脱氢酶基因的克隆和序列分析

对猪链球菌2型、7型、9型的标准菌株和7株猪链球菌2型分离菌的谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)基因进行PCR扩增,经回收纯化后克隆到PMD18-T载体,筛选阳性克隆菌后测序并对其进行序列分析。结果,PCR扩增出1300bp左右的片段,包括GDH基因的整个开放阅读框,而测序结果表明,其序列与GenBank中的猪链球菌GDH基因序列一致,进一步序列分析表明,GDH的核苷酸序列在相同血清型之间同源性高达99%以上,而在不同血清型之间的同源型也达到了96%以上,而其氨基酸序列同源性则都在99%以上,且都具有GDH1型家族的功能区域。说明猪链球菌GDH基因及其蛋白具有高度的保守性,为进一步研究与应用提供了重要依据。     

珍稀绢丝昆虫柳蚕的DNA条形编码与系统进化初步分析

利用DNA测序技术获得柳蚕(Actias selene)线粒体细胞色素酶C亚基Ⅰ基因(COI)5′端574 bp的片段,作为用于柳蚕种质资源分子鉴定的DNA条形编码(GenBank:FJ358505)。测定的柳蚕COI基因序列与其它大蚕蛾科绢丝昆虫的COI序列一样,均表现出偏好于碱基T的倾向(AT skew=-0.179)。在所分析的蚕类昆虫中,柳蚕与合目大蚕蛾的遗传距离最小(0.120),而与蓖麻蚕之间的遗传距离最大(0.138)。构建的NJ和UPGMA分子树中,大蚕蛾科的柳蚕属、柞蚕属、蓖麻蚕属、大乌桕蚕属、栗蚕属均各自形成一个支系,并且明显形成两个分支:大蚕蛾族(saturni-ini),包括柳蚕、柞蚕和栗蚕;眉纹大蚕蛾族(attacini),包括蓖麻蚕和大乌桕蚕。这一结果与传统分类一致。     

分布在辽宁省的11种野蚕资源

通过近几年在辽宁省各地实地考察和查阅相关文献资料,明确辽宁省分布的野蚕资源除柞蚕以外,还有天蚕、栗蚕、樗蚕、透目大蚕、柳蚕、樟蚕、蓖麻蚕、合目大蚕、胡桃大蚕、曲线透目大蚕、丁目大蚕等11种野蚕,这11种野蚕属大蚕蛾科(Sat-urniidae)的泌丝昆虫。概述11种野蚕在辽宁省的分布、取食植物、生物学特性及开发利用现状,为野蚕资源的保护、研究和开发利用提供基础信息。     

绢丝昆虫柳蚕的生物学特性和卵黄原蛋白鉴定

柳蚕 (ActiasseleneH櫣ｂｎｅｒ)是一种野生绢丝昆虫。通过室内饲养的方法 ,观察了柳蚕的生物学特性和卵孔的显微特征 ,在合肥地区的幼虫 4眠 5龄 ,二化性 ,蛹滞育 ,染色体n =31,全龄期达 4 0d以上。通过SDS PAGE和Westernblotting鉴定 ,柳蚕的卵黄原蛋白是由大小 2个亚基组成 ,分子量分别为 175kD和 4 5kD ,存在组织、时期、性别表达的差异性     

柞蚕核糖体蛋白基因S3a的克隆及表达分析

核糖体蛋白在蛋白质的生物合成、细胞的代谢与凋亡、机体免疫、信号转导等方面有重要作用。采用RT-PCR方法克隆了柞蚕(Antheraea pernyi)核糖体蛋白基因S3a的开放阅读框(ORF),ORF序列长795bp,编码264个氨基酸。序列比对表明,柞蚕S3a蛋白与其它10个物种S3a蛋白的相似性介于72%～99%之间,其中与柳蚕(Actias selene)S3a蛋白的相似性最高。用RT-PCR方法分析该基因在柞蚕幼虫组织中的表达情况,结果显示柞蚕S3a基因在柞蚕幼虫的血液、中肠、丝腺和脂肪体组织中均有表达,且转录水平无显著差异。SDS-PAGE和Westernblotting检测显示柞蚕S3a基因在大肠杆菌中获得了正确表达。     

R132 mutations in canine isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) lead to functional changes

Glioma is the second most common intracranial neoplasia in dogs, but the pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. In humans, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is frequently mutated in gliomas. Although almost all human IDH1 mutations have been identified as involving the Arg132 codon, few studies have reported structural, functional, and mutational information for canine IDH1. Therefore, in this study, we cloned the canine IDH1 homologue and used PCR mutagenesis to substitute the wildtype (WT) Arg132 with His (R132H) or Ser (R132S). WT and mutated IDH1 were overexpressed in HeLa cells, and their presence was confirmed by immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry using mutation-specific antibodies. The IDH1 activity between WT, R132H, and R132S transfectants was compared by measuring the production of NADH and NADPH. NADPH production in R132H and R132S transfectants was lower than that in WT, but NADH levels were not significantly different. Finally, we detected increased expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in the R132H and R132S transfectants. These results indicated that the canine IDH1 Arg132 mutation has the potential to induce carcinogenesis in canine somatic cells.     

Participation of phosphofructokinase,malate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase in capacitation and acrosome reaction of boar spermatozoa

The aim of this work was to determine the enzymatic activity of phosphofructokinase (PFK), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) in boar spermatozoa and study their participation in bicarbonate‐induced capacitation and follicular fluid‐induced acrosome reaction. Enzymatic activity of these enzymes was determined spectrophotometrically in extracts of boar spermatozoa. Sperm suspensions were incubated in the presence of bicarbonate (40 mM), a well‐known capacitation inducer, or follicular fluid (30%), as an acrosome reaction inducer, and different concentrations of oxoglutarate, oxalomalate and hydroxymalonate, inhibitors of PFK, IDH and MDH, respectively. Capacitation percentages were determined by the fluorescence technique of chlortetracycline (CTC), and true acrosome reaction was determined by trypan blue and differential–interferential contrast, optical microscopy. The activity of PFK in boar spermatozoa enzymatic extracts was 1.70 ± 0.19 U/10¹⁰ spermatozoa, the activity of NAD‐ and NADP‐dependent IDH was 0.111 ± 0.005 U/10¹⁰ and 2.22 ± 0.14 U/10¹⁰ spermatozoa, respectively, and the activity of MDH was 4.24 ± 0.38 U/10¹⁰ spermatozoa. The addition of the specific inhibitors of these enzymes prevented sperm capacitation and decreased sperm motility during capacitation and inhibited the acrosome reaction (AR), without affecting the sperm motility during this process. Our results demonstrate the participation of PFK, IDH and MDH in bicarbonate‐induced capacitation and follicular fluid‐induced acrosome reaction in boar spermatozoa, contributing to elucidate the mechanisms that produce energy necessary for these processes in porcine spermatozoa.     

Morphological studies on Bulinus sp. (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) from Nchout Monoun,Cameroon

Since 1990, diploid Bulinus sp. populations have been reported from many sites in the volcanic western Bamileke and Bamoun plateau in Cameroon; starch gel electrophoresis of enzymes and chromosome analyses have revealed a single band in hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), and a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 36. Several samples have been tentatively identified as B. natalensis (Küster, 1841) on the basis of observations on the shell and radula. The present study is a preliminary analysis of the characteristics of the shell and the radula of the snails from Nchout Monoun Crater Lake (Monoun Koumogoum) for adequate comparisons with the widely studied B. natalensis/tropicus complex from East and South Africa. Comparison of the ratio of shell length to aperture length (L/AL), plotted against shell length (L) in a scatter diagram, showed a 47% overlap between the dimensions of the Nchout Monoun sample and those from KwaZulu-Natal. From previous observations on the diploid chromosome number, single electrophoretic bands on HBDH and IDH enzyme systems, euphallic genital system, arrowhead-shaped mesocones and the characteristic features of the shell, we conclude that Bulinus sp. from Nchout Monoun is closely related to B. natalensis.