仔猪腹泻牲疾病的原因及防治要点

仔猪腹泻是集约化养猪生产条件下最常见的一种典型的多因素性疾病,也是实际生产中对乳仔猪危害最大的,能引起乳仔猪死亡的重要疾病之一。本文主要从营养、疾病和环境等方面对仔猪腹泻的发生的原因和防治要点进行阐述和总结。     

哺乳仔猪腹泻的防治

哺乳仔猪腹泻是养猪生产中的常见病,也是哺乳仔猪最主要的“杀手”。即使没有造成仔猪死亡,也会使仔猪生长缓慢,严重影响了养猪生产。造成哺乳仔猪腹泻的原因主要有两个方面：饲养管理和疾病。乳仔猪腹泻的疾病主要有：仔猪黄白痢、传染性胃肠炎、猪流行性腹泻、猪轮状病毒感染、猪球虫病等。本文主要阐述哺乳仔猪腹泻的病因和预防措施。     

酵母在预防仔猪腹泻方面的研究进展

腹泻尤其是乳仔猪腹泻在规模化猪场为常见的疾病,它会显著影响猪生产性能。抗生素用于治疗仔猪、大猪腹泻时易造成细菌耐药性和对猪肠道内其他益生菌错杀,以及抗生素的滥用对养殖行业健康发展有着严重的危害。酵母作为无毒、无残留和无抗药性的饲料添加剂,能够有效预的防仔猪腹泻。本文旨在阐述酵母的生产来源,其抗腹泻作用机制及应用研究。     

戊糖乳杆菌制剂治疗仔猪腹泻疾病的临床效果观察

本次试验主要对戊糖乳杆菌制剂治疗仔猪腹泻疾病的临床效果进行观察分析。试验对象为10头健康长白母猪生产的90头仔猪,随机分为试验组(戊糖乳杆菌制剂)和对照组(庆大霉素)各45头,给予腹泻预防和治疗试验,对比分析结果。结果为试验组腹泻率为6.7%、对照组为71.1%,P0.05,有显著的统计学意义;试验组治疗总有效率为100%,平均治疗周期为6天;对照组治疗总有效率为80%,平均治疗周期为7天。结论为戊糖乳杆菌制剂治疗仔猪腹泻疾病的临床效果显著。     

仔猪腹泻的诊断及防治技术

正仔猪腹泻是仔猪生产中最常见、也是危害最大的疾病之一。在实际生产中,仔猪由于受到环境、饲养管理、疾病感染等因素的影响,致使许多猪场(户)发生仔猪腹泻现象,不仅影响仔猪的成活率,而且直接或间接地造成巨大的经济损失。据笔者多年调查了解,在当前生猪生产中,仔猪腹泻仍然是最严重的仔猪疾病之一,并且引起仔猪腹泻的原因很多,在生产中只有详细掌握仔猪腹泻的病因,才能对症下药,取得好的防治效果。     

浅谈仔猪腹泻的病因及防治

仔猪腹泻是仔猪生产中最常见、最重要的疾病之一。由于仔猪自身的生理缺陷、饲料、环境、饲养管理及疾病感染等各种因素的影响，致使许多养猪场和养猪户屡屡发生仔猪腹泻现象，成为仔猪死亡的重要原因，因此，仔猪腹泻是养猪生产中的一个“瓶颈”。     

戊糖乳杆菌制剂防治仔猪腹泻效果初探

为了保证仔猪的腹泻疾病得到较好的治疗,本文特别设计一个戊糖乳杆菌制剂对仔猪的腹泻疾病治愈效果的实验,以此观察戊糖乳杆菌制剂的作用.     

调控营养减少仔猪腹泻

断奶仔猪腹泻是养猪生产中的常见疾病。仔猪患腹泻不仅影响生产,还会继(诱)发其他疾病。断奶仔猪发生腹泻的原因较多,除遗传因素外,某些疾病,尤其是发生某些传染病和细菌性疾病时往往伴发腹泻;环境应激亦可诱发腹泻。生产中,补饲方法不当和饲料质量低劣是引发仔猪腹泻的常见原因。     

仔猪腹泻发病原因及综合防制措施

仔猪腹泻是仔猪生产中最常见、也是危害最大的疾病之一。在实际生产中,仔猪由于受到环境、饲养管理、疾病感染等因素的影响,致使许多猪场(户)发生仔猪腹泻现象,不仅影响仔猪的成活率,而且直接或间接地造     

产房内仔猪腹泻的原因及防治措施

仔猪腹泻是目前规模化养猪生产中最严重的仔猪疾病之一.产房内仔猪发生腹泻后,轻者可使患病仔猪体质下降和免疫功能减退从而导致其对其他疾病的抵抗力减弱,严重者可引起仔猪死亡,给养猪生产造成严重经济损失.     

Study on Relationship between Intestinal Epithelium Tight Junction Proteins mRNA Expression and Piglets Weaning Diarrhea

The experiment was carried out to compare diarrhea status between Min pig and Landrace pig in a week after weaning, detect two varieties piglets jejunum, ileum and colon tight proteins Zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and Occludin mRNA expression before and after weaning. The intention was to discuss the relationship between tight proteins expression and piglets weaning diarrhea. The results showed that Min piglets diarrhea rate, diarrhea frequency were very significantly lower than Landrace pig within one week after weaning (P<0.01), diarrhea days was significantly lower than Landrace pig within one week after weaning (P<0.05);Min piglets not weaning group ileum and colon ZO-1 and Occludin mRNA expression was very significantly higher than Landrace pig not weaning group (P<0.01);Min piglets weaning diarrhea group ileum and colon ZO-1 and Occludin mRNA expression was significantly higher than weaning health group (P<0.05). The results indicated that Min piglets intestinal tight junction proteins mRNA high expression before weaning might be had relation with guarantee piglets intestinal health and decrease occurrence diarrhea;Min pig fast recover intestinal mucosa function and rehabilitation by increased tight junction proteins mRNA expression after weaning. So tight junction proteins mRNA high expression before and after weaning had an important significance for piglets to resist weaning diarrhea.     

断奶应激对仔猪红细胞免疫功能的影响研究

为了研究早期断奶应激对仔猪红细胞免疫功能的影响,试验采用同窝杜×(大×长)三元杂交健康仔猪12只,分别于断奶前3天、断奶后3天及断奶后2周进行红细胞受体C3b花环试验、免疫复合物IC花环试验及血常规检验,观察断奶应激对仔猪红细胞免疫功能、红细胞数量及血红蛋白含量影响的动态变化。结果表明:断奶应激导致仔猪红细胞C3b受体花环率(C3bRR率)、红细胞总数和血红蛋白含量降低,IC花环率(ICR率)的变化明显。说明断奶应激可导致仔猪红细胞免疫功能下降,红细胞免疫功能低的仔猪更容易发生(断奶)应激性腹泻。     

加味二术散对断奶仔猪血液流变学和腹泻率的影响

观察加味二术散对断奶仔猪血液流变学和腹泻率的影响,为防治断奶仔猪应激综合征提供理论依据。将75头断奶仔猪随机分为：加味二术散高（5‰剂量组）、中（3‰剂量组）、低（2‰剂量组）剂量组、对照组和抗生素组。观察1周内各组仔猪腹泻率。于试验第7天,采集各组仔猪的血液,并测定其血流变学指标。结果显示,与对照组相比低剂量加味二术散对仔猪的全血粘度、血浆粘度和红细胞变形指数改善作用不明显（P〉0.05）,纤维蛋白原的含量显著降低（P〈0.05）;高、中剂量加味二术散对断奶仔猪均具有不同程度改善以上指标的作用。各组红细胞压积差异不显著（P〉0.05）。抗生素组仔猪的红细胞聚集性指数与对照组相比显著增高（P〈0.05）,其他各组差异均不显著（P〉0.05）。各组仔猪的腹泻率与对照组相比都降低,加味二术散高、中剂量组和抗生素组的腹泻率显著降低（P〈0.01）。结论,二术加味改善血液流变学且可降低断奶仔猪的腹泻率。     

Correlation between villous height and the disaccharidase activity in the small intestine of piglets from nursing to growing

Early weaning induces villous atrophy in the small intestine. Reduction in villous height in the small intestine after weaning is associated with reductions in brush‐border enzyme activity. Body weight gain after weaning is, therefore, correlated with villous height. This evidence suggested that the maintenance of small intestinal structure and function after weaning is important for the growth of young pigs. On the other hand, the relationship between villous height and the activity of the digestive enzymes in the small intestine has not been studied with piglets from the suckling to the growing period. Five suckling piglets, four piglets in the proximal stage of weaning, four pigs in the distal stage of weaning and four growing pigs were used. The activities of lactase (LA), sucrase (SA) and maltase (MA) were determined. LA showed a positive correlation with villous height in weaning. SA and MA were positively correlated with villous height from suckling to growing. In a previous study, non‐infectious dyspeptic diarrhea was frequently observed in growing piglets on Japanese swine farms. The maintenance of villous height to retain disaccharidase activity may prevent dyspepsic diarrhea in this stage.     

抗仔猪腹泻新药Receptorase临床作用研究

通过对162头平均24日龄的健康二元（长×大）杂交断奶仔猪的腹泻防治试验和120头3日龄仔猪的饲养试验,评价猪用Receptase粉对断奶仔猪腹泻的疗效和促生长作用。结果显示,猪用Receptase粉在治疗仔猪腹泻时,2 d内治愈率为94.50%,2 d及以上无效率为5.50%;Receptorase组的平均增重明显高于抗生素对照组。表明Receptorase能够有效防治仔猪腹泻,促进仔猪生长,提高平均增重。     

断奶日龄对仔猪断奶期腹泻和死亡影响的研究

选择杜洛克×豫农白猪Ⅰ系杂交仔猪８窝共７２头，均分为两组，每组４窝３６头。试Ⅰ组采用２８日龄断奶，试Ⅱ组采用３５日龄断奶。试验期从断奶前１周至６０日龄，分析比较不同断奶日龄对仔猪断奶期腹泻和死亡的影响。结果：①试Ⅰ组和试Ⅱ组仔猪，断奶后至６０日龄间发生腹泻１５９头次和８５头次，全群日平均腹泻发生率为１４．７６％和９．０８％；②试Ⅰ组和试Ⅱ组仔猪，断奶后至６０日龄间死亡数为４头和０头；③试Ⅰ组和试Ⅱ组仔猪，断奶后至６０日龄发生腹泻的高峰期在断奶后５～２２天和断奶后３～８天，持续期为１８天和６天，日腹泻发生率最高达４２．４２％和３３．３３％；④试Ⅰ组４窝仔猪在断奶至６０日龄期间，有３窝出现多个腹泻高峰，只有１窝为１个高峰；而试Ⅱ组４窝仔猪中，只有１窝出现多个腹泻高峰，其它３窝为１个高峰。     

原花青素在防控分泌性腹泻中的研究进展

原花青素具有抗氧化、抗分泌性腹泻等功能,可作为防控断奶仔猪腹泻的重要物质。本文综述了原花青素的结构与活性、分泌性腹泻的发生机制及原花青素抗分泌性腹泻的作用机理,为原花青素在防控断奶仔猪腹泻上的应用和研究提供理论依据。     

Research Advances on Intestinal Microflora Regulationin by Several Feed Additives in Piglets

In modern pig production,early weaning is a bottleneck problem which are restricting the development of pig industry.It can lead to early weaning syndrome in piglet,such as low appetite,growth inhibition,diarrhea and so on.One of the reasons induced these symptoms is impairment of intestinal mucosal barrier in piglets.The intestinal microflorais is one of the important parts of intestinal mucosal barrier.Therefore,study on the intestinal microflora of weaning piglets and nutritional regulations have been attracted more and more attentions,and it has an important influence on avoiding diarrhea,promoting the healthy growth and improving growth performance.The change of intestinal microflora in weaning piglets and research development of some common feed additives（microecologics,plant polysaccharide,acidulant,microelement,Chinese herbal medicine and plant extracts）for intestinal microflora were reviewed in this paper.     

几种常用饲料添加剂对断奶仔猪肠道菌群调控的研究进展

早期断奶是现代养猪生产中的瓶颈问题。早期断奶易造成仔猪早期断奶综合征,仔猪断奶后会出现采食量下降、生长阻滞和腹泻等一系列症状。引起这些症状的主要原因之一是断奶应激引起的仔猪肠道屏障受损。鉴于肠道微生态区系为肠道第一道防御屏障,因此,研究仔猪肠道微生态区系及其营养调控技术,对于防制仔猪早期断奶综合征、促进仔猪肠道健康、提高生产性能具有重要意义。文章针对断奶仔猪肠道微生物菌群变化及几种常用饲料添加剂（微生态制剂、植物多糖、酸化剂、微量元素、中草药及植物提取物）对肠道微生态区系调控的研究进展进行了综述。     

Causes Analysis of Weaning Piglets Diarrhea

To understand the pathogenic causes of weaning diarrhea in Yunnan province,we collected 210 feces and 60 drinking water,a total of 270 samples in 30 farms with weaning diarrhea and analyzed the virus and pathogenic bacteria.The results of the study showed that drinking water was sever polluted by pathogenic Escherichia coli,40 strains of pathogenic Escherichia coli were detected in drinking water,the positive rate was 66.7%,and 100 strains in feces with positive rate of 47.6%;10 strains of pathogenic Salmonella were detected in drinking water,the positive rate was 16.7%,and 24 strains in feces with positive rate of 11.4%,and were sensitive to imipenem.PCR amplified positive rates of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV),porcine circovirous type 2 (PCV2),pseudorabies virus (PRV),classical swine fever virus (CSFV),porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine rotavirus (PoRV) in feces were 5.2% to 13.0%,and they were not detected in drinking water.By analyzing the causes of diarrhea in Yunnan province in weaned piglets analysis,understanding the specific causes of diarrhea in weaned piglets,the results provided a more reasonable and more realistic theoretical basis and experimental reference for prevention and control of the disease from the cause.