Cloning of PRL and VIP cDNAs of the Java sparrow (Padda oryzivora)

Complementary DNA (cDNA) of prolactin (PRL) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) of the Java sparrow were cloned and sequenced. The proximal region of the PRL promoter was also identified. Java sparrow PRL was found to have 88.3, 88.3, and 89.1% sequence identity at the cDNA level to PRL of chicken, turkey, and duck, respectively. The predicted amino acid sequence had an overall similarity with a comparable region of chicken (91.4%), turkey (88.9%) and duck (92.0%) PRL. Based on the cDNA sequence and genomic structure of the chicken PRL gene, the proximal promoter was characterized. Sequence analysis of the proximal region of Java sparrow PRL promoter revealed a high degree of similarity to that of chicken, turkey and duck PRL promoters. Moreover, cDNA of prepro-VIP was also cloned and sequenced. Java sparrow prepro-VIP shows high similarity to chicken and turkey prepro-VIP. However, the region upstream of the 5' untranslated region of Java sparrow prepro-VIP did not show similarity to that of chicken. These results suggest that the mechanisms, which regulate expression of the VIP gene, may be different between precocial and altricial birds, but expression of the PRL gene may be widely conserved in avian species.     

家鸭GHSR基因部分编码序列的克隆及变异检测

作者旨在克隆鸭GHSR基因mRNA部分编码区序列,并筛查克隆序列中的变异位点。采用RT-PCR法从巢湖鸭下丘脑组织中分离家鸭GHSR基因mRNA中编码区核酸序列,并选用30个个体cDNA,通过构建cDNA池对克隆编码区的序列变异测序检测。结果表明,克隆鸭GHSR基因mRNA部分编码区核酸序列长635 bp(GenBank登录号:EU005225),编码211个氨基酸,与鸡GHSR基因同源核酸相似性达到94%,氨基酸相似性为97%;cDNA池测序检测揭示克隆区段存在3个碱基变异位点,均为同义突变,未使编码氨基酸发生改变。克隆鸭GHSR基因mRNA编码区核酸、氨基酸序列与鸡同源序列的相似性,以及克隆核酸序列的变异检测结果表明,鸭GHSR基因在序列和功能上具有很高的保守性。     

北京鸭β-catenin基因cDNA的克隆和生物信息学分析

试验探讨了北京鸭β-catenin基因的生物学功能,为进一步研究该基因对鸭皮肤毛囊的影响奠定基础。以北京鸭胚胎皮肤组织为材料,根据GenBank中发表的鸡、鹅等物种的β-catenin基因序列,设计并合成4对引物,采用RT-PCR方法,克隆北京鸭β-catenincDNA,并运用DNAMAN软件及在线工具对所得到的序列进行生物信息学分析。结果表明:北京鸭β-catenin基因cDNA长度为2996bp(Genbank登录号为FJ169885),包含由2346个碱基组成的编码区(CDs),有起始密码子ATG和终止密码子TAA,编码781个氨基酸;北京鸭β-catenin基因核苷酸序列与鸡、鹅、中华鳖、人和家猪相应区段(CDs)的同源性分别为95.06%、94.12%、90.11%、84.83%、84.31%;其氨基酸序列与鸡、鹅、中华鳖、猪、人的氨基酸同源性达99%以上,表明在进化关系上,β-catenin氨基酸序列有很高的保守性。     

Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of interleukin (IL)-1beta-encoding genes of five avian species and structural and functional homology among these IL-1beta proteins

Interleukin (IL)-1beta-encoding regions of chicken, duck, goose, turkey and pigeon were cloned and sequenced. Each IL-1beta-encoding region of chicken, duck, goose and turkey is 804 nucleotides long and encodes IL-1beta protein that is 268 amino acids. Pigeon IL-1beta-encoding region is 810 nucleotides long and encodes IL-1beta protein that is 270 amino acids. Two one-nucleotide and one four-nucleotide insertions of pigeon IL-1beta-encoding region sequence were found, resulting in two amino acid insertions in pigeon IL-1beta. Pairwise sequence analysis showed that the sequence identities of IL-1beta-encoding genes ranged from 77% to 99%, which were also found for IL-1beta protein sequence identities, with an average level of both sequence identities of 89%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that IL-1beta-encoding regions and the encoded proteins of chicken, duck, goose and turkey clustered together and evolved into a distinct phylogenetic lineage from that of pigeon which evolved into a second lineage. The results from the binding reaction of antiserum against each recombinant IL-1beta (r IL-1beta) protein to homologous or heterologous rIL-1beta, the enhancement levels of K60 mRNA expression in rIL-1beta-treated DF-1 cells or the reduction levels of K60 mRNA expression in DF-1 cells treated with rIL-1beta that was preincubated with homologous or heterologous antiserum showed that all five rIL-1beta were functional active and shared significantly structural and functional homology.     

Phylogenetic analysis of the sigma 2 protein gene of turkey reoviruses

The open reading frame of the S3 segment encoding the sigma2 protein of four turkey reovirus field isolates was analyzed for sequence heterogeneity. The turkey reoviruses we present here have a 97% amino acid identity to turkey NC 98. The S3 nucleotide and amino acid sequence similarity was < or =61% and 78%-80%, respectively, when compared to the chicken reovirus isolates. Comparison of amino acid sequences from chickens and turkeys with that of a duck isolate revealed a 53% and 55% similarity, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses, based on both nucleotide and amino acid sequence, resulted in three major groups among the avian reoviruses; these groups were clearly separated by species. The results of this study provide further evidence, based on the deduced sigma2 sequence, that turkey reoviruses form a distinct, separate group relative to chicken and duck isolates. In addition, as a result of the limited sequence identity with their avian counterparts, turkey reoviruses could potentially be considered a separate virus species within subgroup 2 of the Orthoreovirus genus.     

北京鸭Myogenin基因部分序列的克隆及表达时间分析

利用4对引物分别对42、14日龄北京鸭胸肌组织RNA及出生后0日龄北京鸭腿肌组织和孵化22、15日龄胚胎腿肌RNA进行Myogenin基因的PCR反转录扩增，均没扩增出目的基因。资料分析表明在胚胎发育期内Myogenin基因可能只在成肌细胞分化的特定时间内表达，Myogenin基因也可在动物失去神经后或在体外培养的肌卫星细胞内表达。利用DNA扩增出了北京鸭Myogenin基因外显子1260bp部分序列，共编码86个氨基酸，编码氨基酸序列含有bHLH结构域，该结构与鸡、火鸡的同源性非常高。研究结果将为北京鸭Myogenin的表达、全序列的克隆及其分子标记的研究提供理论基础。     

Sequence of the domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos) growth hormone-encoding gene and genetic variation in the promoter region

The duck growth hormone encoding gene and its promoter region were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 5.25 kb were cloned and sequenced. Duck growth hormone (GH) consists of five exons and four introns and is structurally similar to mammalian and chicken GH gene. Although the distal region of duck GH promoter showed no similarity to chicken and turkey promoters, the proximal region of the promoter contained two putative Pit‐1 binding sequences, and showed similarity to chicken and turkey GH promoters. Genetic variation was detected at five positions of the promoter region. The results of this study indicate that the expression of duck GH is likely regulated in a similar manner to that of chicken GH via enhancer‐type cis‐acting elements and the presence of genetic variation in the duck GH gene may be applicable to marker‐assisted selection.     

籽鹅促卵泡激素α亚基基因的克隆、序列分析及其原核表达载体的构建

以雌性籽鹅脑垂体的总RNA为模板,利用特异性引物通过RT-PCR扩增获得长为363 bp的籽鹅促卵泡激素α亚基的cDNA片段,将扩增的促卵泡激素α亚基基因片段克隆至pMD18-T载体后进行测序。将测序结果与鸡、鹌鹑、火鸡、鼠、羊、牛等多种禽类和哺乳动物的该基因核苷酸序列及推导的氨基酸序列进行同源性分析。结果表明,这些物种促卵泡激素α亚基基因序列具有较高的保守性,其中与鸡、鹌鹑、火鸡的核苷酸同源性最高,均为95.9%,推导的氨基酸序列与鸡、鹌鹑、火鸡的同源性最高,均为97.5%。为了对克隆的籽鹅促卵泡激素α亚基基因功能研究提供基础,将籽鹅促卵泡激素α亚基基因克隆至pET-32a(+)原核表达载体。     

鸡IL-2基因的克隆及GST-chIL2融合蛋白的表达

根据Sundick等发表的鸡IL-2基因(chIL2)序列设计合成特异性引物,用RT-PCR从ConA诱导的鸡脾淋巴细胞扩增出450 bp的目的片段,酶切鉴定及序列测定结果表明为鸡IL-2基因。该基因包括鸡IL-2基因的全部开放阅读框,编码142个氨基酸组成的蛋白质,与GenBank鸡IL-2基因相比,在编码氨基酸的49位有一个氨基酸缺失;而与Broiler、SC、Chenren和Xiaoshan鸡在编码氨基酸上完全一致,具有较近的亲缘关系;与Kestrel来航鸡、来航SPF鸡、Obese、Silky和Xianju鸡等有1-4个氨基酸的差异;与火鸡和鹌鹑的氨基酸同源性分别为69.9%和59.4%。将克隆到的基因插入到融合蛋白原核表达载体pGEX-6p-1中,得到重组表达质粒pGEX-IL2。将此重组质粒转化大肠杆菌DH5α,经IPTG诱导,表达出了大小约为40 ku的GST-chIL2融合蛋白,其中GST部分为26 ku,鸡IL-2为14 ku,与预期的鸡IL-2成熟蛋白大小一致。     

Cloning, expression and bioinformatics analysis of the duck TLR 4 gene

1. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are type I transmembrane proteins that play an essential role in the innate immune system. Studies on the structure and function of TLRs can be applied to the development of new approaches to control diseases of humans and animals.

2. A 3432-bp cDNA encoding duck toll-like receptor 4 (duTLR4) was cloned from duck splenic lymphocytes using RT-PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends.

3. The encoded protein, which was predicted to contain 843 amino acids, had a molecular weight of 96·01?kDa and included an archetypal toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain, a transmembrane domain, and a distinctive arrangement of extracellular leucine-rich repeat regions similar to chicken TLR4, human TLR4, and mouse TLR4. The duTLR4 showed 82·1% amino acid sequence identity with previously described chicken TLR4, and 43·2–45·2% sequence identity with mammalian homologs.

4. RT-qPCR analysis indicated that the duTLR4 gene was strongly expressed in the liver, kidney, spleen, intestine, and brain.     

Infections Investigation of ALV and REV in Guangxi Local Poultry Breeds and Sequence Analysis of gp85 Gene of ALV Isolates

In order to investigate the infection status of avian leukosis virus (ALV) and avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) in the major local breeds of Qinzhou,Guangxi,totally 953 samples of egg white,cloaca swab and serum of Ma duck,Shitou goose,Tiejiao-Ma chicken,turkey and pigeon were collected from the representing flocks and detected by the commercial ELISA kits.ALV was isolated for the ALV p27 positive samples by culturing on DF-1 cells,and gp85 gene was sequenced.The results showed that the detections of ALV were negative in the samples except those of Tiejiao-Ma chicken,while REV antibody was found positive in Ma duck,Tiejiao-Ma chicken and turkey.The nucleotide sequences of gp85 gene of two isolates shared 94.5% identity with each other,and shared 86.9% to 94.9% with reference strains.The amino acid sequences of gp85 gene of two isolates shared 91.5% identity with each other,and shared 84.0% to 91.6% with reference strains.There were many variable sites in the hyper variable region hr1 and hr2,and the vr2 and vr3 variable regions were relatively conservative.Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the two isolates shared the highest homology with SCAU11-XG strain.     

广西地方禽类品种ALV和REV感染情况的调查及ALV分离株gp85基因序列分析

为了解广西钦州地区主要地方品种商品禽类中禽白血病病毒(ALV)、禽网状内皮组织增殖症病毒(REV)的感染情况,本试验随机采集了广西钦州地区代表饲养场的麻鸭、狮头鹅、铁脚麻鸡、火鸡、鸽子共5个品种的蛋清、肛拭子及血清样品共953份,使用ELISA商品试剂盒进行检测;然后对部分ALV p27阳性的个体采集其血清样品接种DF-1细胞进行病毒分离并测定其gp85基因的序列。结果发现,除铁脚麻鸡外其他4个非鸡禽类品种的ALV检测均为阴性;除鸽子和狮头鹅外,麻鸭、铁脚麻鸡、火鸡均检测到REV抗体阳性;获得的两株铁脚麻鸡ALV分离株gp85基因之间核苷酸同源性为94.5%,与参考株之间核苷酸同源性为86.9%~94.9%;两株分离株gp85基因之间氨基酸同源性为91.5%,与参考株之间氨基酸同源性为84.0%~91.6%。高变区hr1和hr2区存在较多可变位点,可变区vr2和vr3相对较保守。系统进化树分析结果表明这两个毒株与参考株SCAU11-XG的亲缘关系最近。     

鸭RIG-1基因的PCR扩增及其序列分析

维甲酸诱导基因1(RIG-1)是细胞质中侦测病原相关分子模式的识别受体。论文旨在扩增北京鸭RIG-1编码基因,并对其进行序列分析。通过PCR方法,从北京鸭脾脏中扩增得到RIG-1基因cDNA,并使用LaserGene分子生物学分析软件进行序列分析。结果发现北京鸭的RIG-1基因cDNA开放阅读框全长2 802bp,编码933个氨基酸。结构预测发现鸭RIG-1结构与哺乳动物类似,N端有两个串联CARD区,中间为DExD/H解旋酶区,C端为抑制区,各功能区起重要作用的氨基酸较为保守。同源性及进化树分析发现鸭RIG-1与鹅和斑马鱼的同源性最高分别为93.7%、78.4%,与哺乳动物同源性高于50%,与其他鱼类的同源性低于50%。成功扩增出北京鸭RIG-1基因cDNA编码序列,为鸭RIG-1的深入研究奠定了基础。     

罗曼鸡胚脾细胞白介素-18基因的克隆与序列分析

根据国外已发表的鸡白细胞介素 18(IL- 18) c DNA基因序列设计了 1对特异性引物 ,应用 RT- PCR技术 ,从鸡新城疫 系病毒接种 4 8h左右的罗曼鸡胚脾细胞中扩增出鸡 IL - 18全基因 ,并进行了序列测定。结果表明 ,扩增片段全长 5 94 bp,共编码 198个氨基酸的前体蛋白 ,其中含有表达完整功能蛋白所必需的起始密码子和终止密码子。该序列与国外报道的鸡 IL - 18全基因核苷酸序列及推导的氨基酸序列的同源性分别为 99.8%和 10 0 % ;序列中编码成熟蛋白的这段基因与国内报道的源自白来航鸡编码 IL- 18成熟蛋白的基因核苷酸序列及推导的氨基酸序列的同源性分别为 99.8%和 99.4 %。本研究为鸡 IL - 18的扩增及其他细胞因子的扩增提供了一种简便易行的新方法 ,为进一步研究IL- 18基因的结构、功能、表达及表达产物的应用奠定了良好基础     

鸭肥胖基因的分子克隆、序列分析及原核表达

根据人、小鼠、猪等动物的肥胖基因编码区序列的保守性设计1对引物，利用RT-PCR技术扩增出鸭肥胖基因的cDNA编码序列，将PCR产物插入pGEM-T载体，经：PCR和双酶切鉴定正确后进行序列测定，分析表明该cDNA序列由438个核苷酸组成，编码146个氨基酸组成的多肽，鸭与人、猪、小鼠、大鼠的核苷酸相似性分别为83％、84％、98％、94％；氨基酸的相似性分别为86％、83％、99％、96％。为了研究鸭肥胖基因体外表达的特点，构建了原核表达载体pET-28a-Ya，在大肠杆菌中进行了诱导表达。结果表明，鸭肥胖基因在大肠杆菌中进行了高效特异性融合表达，融合蛋白分子量约为20ku，其中16ku为鸭肥胖基因表达的蛋白质，经薄层扫描分析，目的蛋白约占菌体总蛋白的30％。鸭肥胖基因的克隆和表达研究，为进一步研究鸭leptin的功能与应用奠定了基础。     

Molecular cloning, in vitro expression and bioactivity of goose B-cell activating factor

B-cell activating factor (BAFF), belonging to the TNF family, is critical for B cell survival and maturation. cDNA of goose BAFF (gBAFF) was amplified from goose spleen by RT-PCR. The open reading frame (ORF) of gBAFF encodes a protein of 288-amino acid. The gBAFF shows 98, 92, 44 and 55% amino acid sequence identity with duck (dBAFF), chicken (cBAFF), mouse (mBAFF) and human BAFF (hBAFF), respectively. RT-PCR results showed that gBAFF mRNA is expressed in thymus and more highly expressed in the bursa of Fabricius and spleen. Recombinant soluble gBAFF (gsBAFF) expressed in Escherichia coli has molecular weight of approximately 19kDa. In vitro, purified gsBAFF was able to promote bursa B cells survival/proliferation in goose, duck and chicken. Furthermore, recombinant dsBAFF and csBAFF have a positive effect on goose, duck and chicken bursa B cells survival/proliferation. These findings indicate that gBAFF plays an important role in the survival/proliferation of goose B cells and, owing to its high evolutionary conservation, functional cross-reactivity exists between chicken, duck and goose BAFF.     

Cloning and sequence analysis of the complementary DNA for feline preproparathyroid hormone

OBJECTIVES: To clone and sequence the cDNA for feline preproparathyroid hormone (preproPTH) and to compare that sequence with other known parathyroid hormone (PTH) sequences. SAMPLE POPULATION: Parathyroid glands from 1 healthy cat. PROCEDURES: A cDNA library was constructed in lambda phage from feline parathyroid gland mRNA and screened with a radiolabeled canine PTH probe. Positive clones were sequenced, and nucleic acid and deduced amino acid sequences were analyzed and compared with known preproPTH and PTH sequences. RESULTS: Screening of approximately 2 X 10(5) recombinant plaques revealed 3 that hybridized with the canine PTH probe; 2 clones comprised the complete sequence for feline preproPTH. Feline preproPTH cDNA consisted of a 63-base pair (bp) 5'-untranslated region (UTR), a 348-bp coding region, and a 326-bp 3'-UTR. The coding region encoded a 115-amino acid peptide. Mature feline PTH consisted of 84 amino acids. Amino acid sequence analysis revealed that feline PTH was > 83% identical to canine, bovine, swine, equine, human, and macaque PTH and 69, 71, and 44% identical to mouse, rat, and chicken PTH, respectively. Within the region responsible for hormonal activity (amino acids 1 to 34), feline PTH was > 79% identical to other mammalian PTH sequences and 64% identical to the chicken sequence. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The amino acid sequence of PTH is conserved among mammalian species. Knowledge of the cDNA sequence for feline PTH may be useful to investigate disturbances of calcium metabolism and alterations in PTH expression in cats.     

北京鸭×番鸭杂种优势差异表达基因GHR的克隆

以北京鸭、法国番鸭及其正反杂交1代为试验材料,采用mRNA差异显示(DDRT-PCR)方法分析不同试验组肌肉组织基因表达差异,结合抑制性消减杂交(SSH)加以验证,发现生长激素受体(GHR)基因在杂种中上调表达。鸭GHR基因3′端578bp片段测序及比对结果表明,该基因与鸡GHR基因核苷酸序列同源性为90%,氨基酸序列同源性为93%。