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俞锦华 《上海畜牧兽医通讯》2012,(6):22-23
朱鹮(Nipponia nippon)是世界上最濒危的鸟类之一,国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物。1981年5月,朱鹮在中国陕西洋县重新出现以来,种群数量有了很大的增长,但在朱鹮人工繁殖方面还存在着许多难题。2012年3月22日,陕西省珍稀野生动物抢救饲养繁殖研究中心的10羽朱鹮在上海野生动 相似文献
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目前,蛋鸡的养殖技术不断更新,遗传对于蛋鸡羽毛的影响已经发生转变.所以在蛋鸡的养殖中,要科学的分析蛋鸡掉羽的主要原因,采取合理的预防措施进行解决.
1 蛋鸡掉羽的因素分析
1.1 营养因素
蛋鸡的羽毛生长需要一定的营养物质,如果出现掉羽现象,极有可能是因为羽毛缺乏营养物质.除此之外,在蛋鸡的日常饲料中如果缺乏营养,会造成蛋鸡的皮炎或者毛囊炎,使得蛋鸡啄自己的羽毛,出现掉羽现象.如果因为缺乏营养使得蛋鸡掉羽,与此同时会影响蛋鸡的产蛋率,如果饲料中缺乏锌,可导致蛋鸡羽毛变得很敏感,同时为了保障蛋鸡的采食量,饲料中的锌含量还不宜过高,否则蛋鸡会出现提前换羽的情况.其中钙的缺失不利于锌的吸收,导致蛋鸡掉羽.如果蛋鸡出现硒中毒的情况也会导致掉羽现象,会从蛋鸡的头循序渐进的发展到全身.维生素的缺失也会造成皮炎等情况致使蛋鸡掉羽,比如B族维生素的缺失都会使得蛋鸡掉羽.角蛋白是蛋鸡羽毛的主要物质,占有重要的比例,所以如果缺乏硫氨基酸会使得角蛋白的合成减少导致蛋鸡掉羽. 相似文献
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雏鸡出壳时的羽毛称为绒羽,绒羽在出壳后不久即开始脱落,新换上的羽毛称为幼羽。最先换上幼羽的部位是翼部,继而尾部、肩部、股部、胸部、翼下部、背部、腿部、腹部和头部的绒羽依次更换,一般至6周龄左右全身都换上了幼羽。幼羽长齐后又逐渐脱落换上青年羽,至18~20周龄青年羽完全长齐。之后,青年羽脱落换上成年羽。成年 相似文献
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秋季是鸡换毛的季节。老鸡产蛋达一年,身体衰竭,加上换毛在生理上变化很大。所以,不能因为换毛停产而放松饲养管理。有的高产鸡边换毛边产蛋。况且鸡的旧毛脱落换新羽,仍需要大量的营养物质。因此饲料中应增加精料和微量元素的比例,以保证鸡换掉旧羽和生新羽的热能消耗,及早恢复产蛋。 当年雏鸡到秋季已转为成年 相似文献
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雏鸡缺锌病的病理学研究 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
试验用一日龄Aiboi Acies雏鸡6O只分三组,分别喂给低锌自然饲粮(含锌25.75ppm);低锌高钙饲粮(含锌26.75ppm 钙1.5%);补锌饲粮(含锌25.75ppm 锌50ppm)。缺锌雏鸡生长缓慢,并可发生死亡,最特征性病变是羽囊角化亢进、发炎、变性、坏死和机化,故羽毛发育不良,寡毛,羽枝脱落;其次是淋巴组织萎缩。 缺锌病雏血清碱性磷酸酶活性下降和肝锌含量降低。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究不同水平有机微量元素替代全部无机微量元素对1~42日龄樱桃谷肉鸭肝脏、胸肌、胫骨及全血中铜、铁、锰、锌沉积以及肠道发育和形态的影响,以确定有机微量元素在肉鸭饲粮中的适宜添加量。试验选择525羽1日龄健康樱桃谷肉鸭,随机分为5个组,每组7个重复,每个重复15羽。对照组(100%无机组)以无机盐形式按推荐量100%提供微量元素,4个有机组分别以推荐量25%、50%、75%和100%添加羟基蛋氨酸螯合形式的铜、铁、锰、锌。试验期42 d。试验饲粮分为2个阶段配制(前期1~21日龄,后期22~42日龄),各组除铜、铁、锰、锌外,其他营养水平保持一致。结果表明:1)21日龄时,肉鸭肝脏、胸肌、胫骨和全血中铜、铁、锰、锌含量在各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。42日龄时,肉鸭肝脏中铜和锌含量以25%有机组含量最低,且显著低于75%和100%有机组(P<0.05);75%和100%有机组肉鸭胫骨中铁含量显著高于对照组和25%有机组(P<0.05);肉鸭全血中铜和铁含量以100%有机组最高,且显著高于25%有机组(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,4个有机组小肠... 相似文献
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影响鸡羽毛中锌含量因素的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
鸡羽毛中锌的含量,除了受饲粮中锌水平影响外,还与饲养用具(镀锌)、鸡的生理时期(周龄)、鸡体部位(样羽)、羽毛不同部分等因素有关。试验结果认为,影响鸡羽毛中锌含量的因素很多,应用羽毛锌含量作为鸡整体锌营养状况的诊断指标,必须慎重。只有严格控制各种影响因素,其结果才有可比性和实用性。 相似文献
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Kaori KASUGA Maho HIGASHI Takahisa YAMADA Toshie SUGIYAMA Yukio TANIGUCHI Hiroaki IWAISAKI Kosuke HOMMA Yuuichi WAJIKI Yoshinori KANEKO Satoshi YAMAGISHI 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(1):83-87
The Japanese crested ibis Nipponia nippon is a critically threatened bird. Accurate sexing is necessary to perform effective management of captive breeding toward a national project for a tentative release of the Japanese crested ibis on Sado Island. A PCR‐based sexing method targeting a 0.6 kb EcoRI fragment (EE0.6) sequence on W chromosome with AWS03 and USP3 primers has been developed for the Japanese crested ibis. However, the primers were selected from the EE0.6 sequences from bird species other than the Japanese crested ibis. In this study, we determined the W‐ and Z‐linked EE0.6 sequences in the Japanese crested ibis, and clarified Japanese crested ibis sequence mismatch in the binding sites of the primers. Further, we found no polymorphism in the primer binding sites among five founder birds for the Sado captive Japanese crested ibis population. These findings validated the PCR‐based sexing method with the AWS03 and USP3 as accurate molecular sexing methods of captive Japanese crested ibis on the Sado Island. Additionally, we designed a primer set for a novel PCR‐based sexing, based on the EE0.6 sequences obtained in this study. This novel sexing method may be useful for future ecological research following the release of Japanese crested ibis on Sado Island. This is the first report to show the EE0.6 sequences in Japanese crested ibis. 相似文献
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本研究选用72只6周龄京白鸡,随机分为A、B、C、D、E和F六组,分别饲喂钙、锌水平不同的日粮(各组锌、钙分别为:21.5ppm,0.95%;21.5ppm,1.95%;21.5ppm,2.95%;49ppm,0.95%;49ppm,1.95%;49ppm,2.95%),进行为期30天的饲养试验。试验中观察增重和临床变化;饲养结束时,取全血、羽毛、胫骨、肝和肾等组织的样本,测定其锌、钙、铁、铜、锰等元素的含量。试验结果是,D组增重和发育良好;A组稍次于D组;其他各组出现程度不同的临床症状,并且这些组所测组织锌含量明显低于D、A组,且其羽毛铁、骨铜、羽毛锰含量明显升高,而羽毛铜、肾铜及肾锰则显著降低。 相似文献
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K Kaneko E Uematsu Y Takahashi B Tong S Takino Y Wajiki T Kimura H Yamashiro Y Kaneko H Iwaisaki T Sugiyama T Yamada S Yamagishi 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(6):1001-1005
This study aimed to develop a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based sexing and effective semen collection methods for black‐headed and straw‐necked ibis species. However, most birds are not sexually dimorphic, that is, the sexes appear similar. Therefore, the gender should be determined before semen collection. DNA was extracted from the blood samples of 11 black‐headed and 4 straw‐necked ibis. The sex was determined after PCR amplification of the EE0.6 region of W‐chromosome. The PCR products were separated using gel electrophoresis. A single band indicated the presence of the EE0.6 region and that the individual was a female, while no band indicated that the individual was a male. Further, the single bands from seven specimens were amplified. Semen collection was performed by massage or a combination of massage with electro‐ejaculation and was attempted during all four seasons. The semen was successfully collected in March from male straw‐necked ibis using the massage method. Limited motility, viability and concentration of straw‐necked ibis sperm were observed. The sperm length was 180 μm and that of the nucleus was 30 μm with acrosome located at the tip of the nucleus. Thus, the PCR‐based sexing proved to be an accurate molecular sexing method for black‐headed and straw‐necked ibis. Furthermore, we successfully collected semen and observed the stained sperm nucleus and acrosome of the straw‐necked ibis sperm. We propose that the use of this PCR methodology can be applied as a routine method for sex determination and semen collection in ibis species for future ecological research. However, considering our limited success, further studies on semen collection method are required. 相似文献
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饲粮锌添加水平对蛋鸡生产性能及组织锌含量的影响 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
试验选用66只18周龄商品代伊莎褐育成母鸡。随机分为3组,每组22只,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验1、2组在基础饲粮中分别添加60、180mg/kg的锌。研究不同锌添加水平对蛋鸡生产性能和组织器官重量及锌含量的影响。结果表明,在蛋鸡饲粮中添加锌对产蛋量、耗料量和料蛋比无显著影响(P>0.05),但破蛋率略下降,蛋重显著降低(P<0.05);除输卵管重有显著升高外(P<0.05),蛋鸡体重及其它组织器官重均无显著变化(P>0.05);肝脏中锌含量极显著提高(P<0.01);胫骨和蛋中含量显著提高(P<0.05),血清和羽毛锌有升高趋势。 相似文献
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