两种虎红平板凝集试验检测羊布鲁氏菌病效果比较

为比较常规和改良虎红平板凝集试验（RBPT）的羊布鲁氏菌病检测效果,对239份免疫、非免疫场绵羊和阴性绵羊血清进行检测,并通过竞争ELISA试验（cELISA）和试管凝集试验（SAT）进行确诊。结果显示：常规RBPT检测非免疫血清的敏感性为68.85%,特异性为93.55%,与cELISA的符合率为77.17%;检测免疫羊血清的敏感性为75.81%,特异性为73.33%,与cELISA的符合率为75.00%。改良RBPT检测非免疫羊血清的敏感性为91.80%,特异性为70.97%,与cELISA的符合率为84.78%;检测免疫羊血清的敏感性为98.39%,特异性为10%,与cELISA的符合率为69.57%。两种RBPT和cELISA的阴性血清检测结果全部为阴性,符合率为100%。结果表明：改良RBPT法的敏感性要高于常规RBPT法,可以在阳性羊群中筛选到更多抗体效价较低的早期感染动物。但其特异性有一定程度的降低,必须结合SAT、cELISA等特异性高的方法进行确诊。本研究为羊布鲁氏菌病检测方法的选择提供了参考。     

布鲁氏菌病抗体ELISA方法与凝集试验的结果比较

分别以酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、试管凝集试验(SAT)和虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)方法对奶牛布病送检样本进行布病抗体检测,结果显示:ELISA方法与SAT方法阳性符合率为79.28%,阴性符合率为86.84%,总符合率81.21%;与RBPT方法阳性符合率为94.59%,阴性符合率为81.58%,总符合率95.97%。     

宁夏银北农村地区肉牛布鲁氏菌病监测与分析

为探讨宁夏银北农村地区肉牛布鲁氏菌病的流行病学情况,试验在该地9个村庄开展,随机选择20个未接种布鲁氏菌疫苗的肉牛养殖场,每场采集20份全血,共400份样品,采用虎红平板凝集试验（RBPT）和竞争酶联免疫吸附试验（cELISA）检测肉牛血清抗体情况,再采取实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)法对血清阳性样品进行检测,将qPCR结果为阳性的样品进一步采取AMOS-PCR法进行扩增分型。结果表明,RBPT和cELISA整体血清阳性率分别为为23.5%和27.5%,2种检测方法之间的Kappa值为0.816,一致性较好;RBPT和cELISA检测的群体平均阳性率分别为60%和65%;qPCR检测显示,只有5份血清样品布鲁氏菌阳性,经AMOS-PCR鉴定为牛种布鲁氏菌。说明牛种布鲁氏菌是引起该地区牛布鲁氏菌病的主要病原菌。通过探讨宁夏银北农村地区肉牛布鲁氏菌病的流行病学情况,发现该地肉牛布病具有较高的流行率,且检测发现感染布病的为牛种布鲁氏菌,为宁夏银北地区控制和预防布鲁氏菌的感染提供流行病学依据。     

布鲁氏菌病不同血清学检测方法结果分析

[目的] 为了确定不同布病检测方法在临床应用中的意义。[方法] 对疑似感染布鲁氏菌病羊血清同时作虎红平板凝集实验（RBT）、试管凝集实验（SAT）、ELISA抗体检测（cELISA）检测,分析它们的Kappa值、符合率、敏感度和特异性等。[结果] 数据显示三者符合度较高,Kappa值在0.76以上,一致性相当可靠,其中RBT敏感度高,但假阳性率也高,相比SAT结果,cELISA敏感度和特异性都高,且两者Kappa值达到了0.85,综合判断临床工作中cELISA更适合确诊诊断。     

不同养殖模式奶牛群布鲁氏菌病调查及防控探析

通过对不同养殖模式(规模场、养殖小区、散养户)奶牛群3 631头奶牛布鲁氏菌病的血清学(琥红平板凝集试验(RBPT)与试管凝集试验(SAT)法)试验,布病阳性率分别为:5.3%、4.7%、0%,同一奶牛养殖模式布病的阳性率差异较大,应围绕布病防控"消灭传染源、切断传播途径、保护易感奶牛",建立"检、免、杀、消、管"等综合防控措施成为重点工作。     

不同方法检测奶牛布氏杆菌抗体的比较试验

采用虎红平板凝集试验(RBT)、全乳环状试验(MRT)和试管凝集试验(SAT)3种国家标准认可的动物布病检疫方法检测奶牛布氏杆菌抗体,并进行了比较研究。从82头非免疫和S2菌苗免疫的奶牛采集血样和乳样,RBT检测血样的阳性率为51.22%(42/82),MRT检测乳样的阳性率为46.34%(38/82),SAT检测血样的阳性率为45.12%(37/82)。以SAT定量检测的结果为参照标准,RBT初筛试验的符合率比MRT高,而且MRT反应强度的差异与SAT抗体滴度没有明显相关性。另对乳清和血清样本中布氏杆菌抗体的差异进行了分析讨论。     

奶牛布氏杆菌病3种血清学检测方法的临床应用比较

旨在比较奶牛布氏杆菌病3种血清学检测方法,为临床根据实际检测情况选择不同检测方法提供参考。对420头奶牛血清样品用虎红平板凝集试验(RBT)、试管凝集试验(SAT)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)3种方法进行布病抗体检测,比较总符合率、假阴性、阳性率及敏感性和特异性。结果:RBT、SAT、ELISA 3种检测方法的总符合率高达到90%以上;以SAT作为判定标准,ELISA检测结果的假阴性率(7.1%)和假阳性率(1.3%)均低于RBT检测结果的假阴性率(14.3%)和假阳性率(3.1%),而ELISA的敏感性(92.3%)和特异性(98.7%)均高于RBT的敏感性(85.7%)和特异性(96.9%)。临床工作中使用RBT或者ELISA进行初步筛选,SAT进行复核确诊,2种或2种以上的检测方法联合运用结果较为理想。     

民和县“出户入园”奶牛“两病”检测研究

本文采用虎红平板凝集试验、试管凝集试验和结核菌素皮内变态反应、牛结核r-干扰素ELISA试验分别对奶牛布病和结核病进行了检测,结果为:奶牛布病阳性率为3.26%;奶牛结核病阳性率为0.72%;结核菌素变态反应与牛结核r-干扰素ELISA试验阳性符合率为100%。     

新疆北疆地区不同奶牛群布氏杆菌感染情况调查

采用琥红平板凝集试验(RBPT)与试管凝集试验(SAT)方法,对2011年4月新疆北疆地区A、B两个规模牛群布氏杆菌病进行检测,阳性率分别为0和6.8%。相隔25 d后对阳性牛再用试管凝集试验方法进行复查,2次试验结果一致率93%。30 d后对受威胁牛再次进行全群布病复检,阳性率为1.06%。通过调查,流产牛中的布病感染率45.1%。     

济宁地区猪布鲁氏菌病流行病学调查及3种检测方法比较

为了解济宁地区猪布鲁氏菌病的感染状态,从该地区随机选择5个猪场,采集600份血液样本,以上猪场均未免疫猪布鲁氏菌病疫苗。先用布病虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)筛选,再用试管凝集试验(SAT)和ELISA(酶联免疫吸附试验)复核。结果表明,虎红平板凝集试验共检出阳性血清样本13例,阳性率为2.17%;试管凝集试验检出阳性血清样本12例,阳性率为2.00%,与虎红平板凝集试验符合率为92%;ELISA试剂盒检出阳性血清10例,阳性率为1.67%,与虎红平板凝集试验符合率为77%。结论为:济宁地区的猪场存在布病感染,种猪的阳性率最高,其次是肥育猪和仔猪,并且在3种检测方法中,RBPT最敏感,而ELISA特异性最好。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.