乡镇畜牧业发展存在的问题及解决措施

随着我国经济的快速发展,很多农村都开始致力于畜牧业发展,畜牧业的发展需要畜牧兽医技术的支持配合,但在畜牧业发展落后的基层地区,畜牧兽医新技术的推广受到了很大程度上的阻碍.为了加快农村畜牧兽医新技术的推广,本文对畜牧兽医新技术推广中存在的问题做了相关的阐述,并提出了相关的治理建议.     

七台河市家畜良种繁育体系建设现状及对策

近年来,随着农村产业结构的战略性调整和"主辅换位"工程的推进,七台河市畜牧业得到了长足的发展,特别是专业村、专业小区及养殖大户的健康快速发展,标志着我市畜牧业已进入了一个新的发展时期.而"畜牧发展,良种先行",是人们的共识.一直以来,我市始终把加强畜禽良种繁育体系建设作为推动畜牧业发展的重大措施,强化政策扶持和资金扶持力度,通过积极发展种畜禽场,构建良种推广服务网络,强化地方特色畜禽品种资源的保护和开发利用,依靠科技进步等措施,推进畜禽良种繁育体系建设.全市的畜禽良种化程度有了明显的提高,一些新品种、新技术在生产实践中得到了广泛的推广和应用.为提高畜禽生产性能,改善畜禽产品质量,促进畜牧业发展做出了重要贡献,成为畜牧业增产增收的重要保障.     

农村畜牧站黄牛改良实践中的问题

<正>最近几年来,县政府和农牧局多次强调畜牧业的重要作用,要求把畜牧业发展成为柳河县农村经济中的大产业,在农民增收中发挥更大的作用。推广畜禽优良品种、提高畜产品质量作为调整畜牧业结构的重点。农村基层畜牧良种改良站作为工作前沿,在实践过程中取得了很多宝贵的经验。吉林省是传统的农业大省,牛在农民生产、生活中具有重要的地位,几乎家家都要养牛,因此黄牛育种工作的发展为农民增收提供了一个有效的途径。基层农村畜牧改良站采取以下几点措施提高母牛繁殖率。     

浅谈农村畜牧站黄牛育种实践中的问题

近年来,政府多次强调畜牧业的重要作用,要求把畜牧业发展成为柳河县农村经济中的大产业,在农民增收中发挥更大的作用。推广畜禽优良品种、提高畜产品质量作为调整畜牧业结构的重点。农村基层畜牧良种改良站作为工作前沿,在实践过程中取得了很多宝贵的经验。吉林省是传统的农业大省,牛在农民生产、生活中具有重要的地位,几乎家家都要养牛,因此黄牛育种工作的发展为农民增收提供了一个有效的途径。基层农村畜牧改良站采取以下几点措施提高母牛繁殖率。     

从良种着手推动黔江生猪产业提档升级

畜牧产业是黔江区农村经济的主要产业,也是统筹城乡发展的骨干产业。生猪产业是畜牧业中的重中之重,生猪产业产值占畜牧业产值80%以上。抓好良种繁育这项塔尖工程,是推动生猪产业提质增效的一项重要工作,黔江区从建设良种场着手,把推广良种繁育体系、延伸良种推广产业链作为关键措施来抓,有效改善了黔江区生猪品质,增强了生猪生产性能,提高了生猪产品的市场竞争力,增加了生猪产业养殖效益。     

农村畜牧兽医新技术推广策略之我见

畜牧业作为我国农村经济的支柱产业,基层畜牧兽医的技术水平则是衡量畜牧业发展状况的重要指标之一,因此畜牧兽医新技术的推广工作成为促进畜牧业发展的关键所在。本文对农村畜牧兽医新技术推广中存在的问题进行分析,并从制度规范、专业技术培训和宣传投入等几方面,对农村畜牧兽医新技术的推广策略,论述了作者一些个人的看法。     

加强农村畜牧兽医新技术推广体系建设初探

目前,我国农村畜牧业得到快速发展,然而与之适应的农村畜牧兽医技术的推广仍然存在的很多问题.在社会主义经济现代化建设的新形势下,农村畜牧业兽医新技术的推广尤为重要.本文就农村畜牧业兽医新技术的推广现状进行广泛的调查研究,围绕如何加强农村畜牧业兽医新技术推广进行了探讨.     

坚持改革 探索前进 努力开创乡、镇畜牧兽医站工作的新局面

<正> 随着农村经济体制改革的不断深人,直接为畜牧业生产服务的乡、镇畜牧兽医站,如何使自己的工作适应变化了的农村形势,更好地为发展商品畜牧业生产服务,是当前一个十分重要的问题。近几年来,我省的乡、镇畜牧兽医站,在坚持改革,锐意创新,积极开展以推广畜禽良种,配合饲料,防疫灭病,技术培训,以及参与畜产品加工,流动为主要内容的产前、产中、产后系列化服务方面,取得了很好的效果。通过系列化服务,不仅增强了     

德清县畜牧兽医体制改革闯出新路

基层畜牧兽医队伍处于畜牧生产发展和动物疫病防治工作的第一线,是发展畜牧业和推广农业和农村经济结构调整的重要力量.     

针对农村畜牧兽医技术推广体系建设的若干思考

随着经济社会的发展,我国对农村畜牧兽医技术有了更高的要求,对于这项技术的推广,也给予了高度的重视.在广大农村,兽医技术的推广还处于初期阶段,其发展并不完善,还需要通过一系列的调整措施将其得到改善与加强.在农村畜牧兽医技术的推广方面,我国不但对此投入了巨大的心血,而且还加大了财政投资,通过资金与技术两个方面将这项技术得到推广,旨在进一步完善我国广大农村的畜牧兽医技术,建设完善的推广体系.     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.